Through the comparison of the features of GSM and CDMA short message services,the paper shows that the CDMA short message center has stronger service capability and provides more value- added services.
In China, which is facing economic reform and the rapid development of small-scale industries, various occupational hazards are reappearing. The problems are related to the ignorance of the managers and the workers, a...In China, which is facing economic reform and the rapid development of small-scale industries, various occupational hazards are reappearing. The problems are related to the ignorance of the managers and the workers, a lack of capital, the insufficiency of occupational health services, and the transfer of some hazardous work from large factories in the cities to small plants in the towns and villages. The change in life-style, especially in smoking habits, has aggravated occupational hazards. The problems may be solved by renewing the concept of health among the managers and workers, enforcing legislation related to occupational hazards, strengthening health personnel training, and reinforcing health education and self-help. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.展开更多
Traditional signaling based telecom service control architecture, intelligent network service control architecture, and even Next Generation Network (NGN) and IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) that are pictured as the fun...Traditional signaling based telecom service control architecture, intelligent network service control architecture, and even Next Generation Network (NGN) and IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) that are pictured as the fundamental of future services have become an obstacle for telecom service development because they are closed in service creation and service control and implemented on a centralized computing platform. As newest technologies in Internet, distributed computing and enterprise information services, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), Web services and Web 2.0 have been widely recognized in information and service industry in past years. According to the SOA definition of OASIS, SOA will bring tremendous changes in capability, service and service interface, compared with traditional telecom service architecture. Moreover, it adds a capability-service transform mechanism and greatly simplifies application development.展开更多
Since the launch of the reform, China’s service trade has been growing at a much faster speed compared to that of the rest of the country’s economy and world trade. In developing commodity trade, we are also engaged...Since the launch of the reform, China’s service trade has been growing at a much faster speed compared to that of the rest of the country’s economy and world trade. In developing commodity trade, we are also engaged in technology trade, service trade and international investment, making efforts to achieve fusion and mutual promotion. Now, we are speeding up the opening展开更多
China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with d...China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with diversifiedvoluntary service organizations at all levels,promoting the working methods innovationof voluntary service in all sectors and regions,展开更多
The new modern library of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), situated in the central area of Science Town in Zhongguancun, Beijing, has just been put into operation. As the largest specialized library in China, th... The new modern library of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), situated in the central area of Science Town in Zhongguancun, Beijing, has just been put into operation. As the largest specialized library in China, the library has become one of paradises for China' s avid readers,offering a central repository and global gateway for the collection and dissemination of scientific and technical information.……展开更多
As an innovative mode of social endowment, combining medical care with modern medical care technology and old-age service is an important direction of a series of social problems caused by the deepening of aging and t...As an innovative mode of social endowment, combining medical care with modern medical care technology and old-age service is an important direction of a series of social problems caused by the deepening of aging and the intensification of aging process in China. It is the inevitable choice for the development of Chinese characteristics for the aged. At present, with the continuous development of the combination of medical care and rehabilitation, the process of combination of medical care and breeding is slow, and the problems of inter departmental cooperation, high cost of resource integration and low service efficiency have emerged. The paper puts forward that multi head management of different responsibility management body is a bottleneck problem that hinders the integration of medical care. From the objective and subjective two points of view, the administrative system level barrier and the inter departmental interest game are the important reasons that obstruct the medical support and break through the estrangement of the Department and realize the cooperation. Then, according to the theory of large part system reform, the author boldly proposes the idea of establishing a new comprehensive functional department that specializes in the management of pension related affairs.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the cons...This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decisionmaking with incomplete preferences,Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Moreover,a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I.Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases.The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model.By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis,the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced.Furthermore,with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS,more objective results can be reached.It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable.The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives.On the other side,the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative.Additionally,it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects.In this way,it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects.On the other hand,by providing financing with equity,there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors.If these investors make a profit,they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.展开更多
Although many theories regarding the implementation of knowledge management （KM） in organizations have been proposed and studied, most applications tend to stand alone without incorporating the business processes. D...Although many theories regarding the implementation of knowledge management （KM） in organizations have been proposed and studied, most applications tend to stand alone without incorporating the business processes. Different categories of knowledge provide different benefits and how to integrate various categories of KM into a hybrid approach as an effective KM manner remains strategically important, and yet is still understudied. Therefore, in this paper a hybrid model that integrates principal KM applications for new service development （NSD） and the measurement of the resulting f＇mancial benefits have been developed. The proposed KM model incorporates newsgroups, knowledge forums, knowledge asset management and knowledge application processes as a hybrid means for sharing organizational knowledge along two axes, explicit vs. implicit and individual vs. collective. One of the largest management consulting companies in Taiwan, China, whose process model of NSD was standing alone with KM applications, was selected for the case study. A set of hybrid KM processes was developed to implement the proposed KM model, and it illustrates an application with greater financial benefits for integrating hybrid KM practices into the business process. Based on knowledge value added （KVA） validation, the proposed KM model provides a new operating system for sharing NSD knowledge within an organization. Through the case study by measuring the achieved financial results, the proposed KM model is found to provide an exclusive hybrid platform with an empirical process model to address innovative approaches and practical values of KM within an organization.展开更多
More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-b...More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.展开更多
There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank ser...There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank services on banks’market share.The statistical population of this research was Shahr bank’s central headquarter and its branches in Tehran,Iran.We developed questionnaires for gathering the data.The validity and reliability of the scales were tested by EFA,CFA,experts’opinion,and Cronbach’s alpha.We used linear regression to assess the impact of innovative channels,including internet banking,automatic teller machines(ATMs),mobile banking,telephone banking(TB),and point of sales(POS)on banks’market share.The results indicated that some of these channels,including internet banking,POS,and TB,positively affect a bank’s market share.The effect of two other platforms,including mobile banking and ATM development,on banks’market share was rejected.The findings of this study expand our understanding of how bank managers can improve their market share by developing innovative e-banking channels.展开更多
China has stepped into the regional aircraft world market with its updating production ability and capacity China’s first homemade next-gen-eration turboprop regional aircraft Modern Ark 600 (MA600) rolled off the pr...China has stepped into the regional aircraft world market with its updating production ability and capacity China’s first homemade next-gen-eration turboprop regional aircraft Modern Ark 600 (MA600) rolled off the production line on June 29 in Xi ’an, capital of Shaanxi Province, marking a milestone in the country’s drive to be one of leading suppliers of passenger airliners with turboprop engines in the world.展开更多
文摘Through the comparison of the features of GSM and CDMA short message services,the paper shows that the CDMA short message center has stronger service capability and provides more value- added services.
文摘In China, which is facing economic reform and the rapid development of small-scale industries, various occupational hazards are reappearing. The problems are related to the ignorance of the managers and the workers, a lack of capital, the insufficiency of occupational health services, and the transfer of some hazardous work from large factories in the cities to small plants in the towns and villages. The change in life-style, especially in smoking habits, has aggravated occupational hazards. The problems may be solved by renewing the concept of health among the managers and workers, enforcing legislation related to occupational hazards, strengthening health personnel training, and reinforcing health education and self-help. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.
文摘Traditional signaling based telecom service control architecture, intelligent network service control architecture, and even Next Generation Network (NGN) and IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) that are pictured as the fundamental of future services have become an obstacle for telecom service development because they are closed in service creation and service control and implemented on a centralized computing platform. As newest technologies in Internet, distributed computing and enterprise information services, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), Web services and Web 2.0 have been widely recognized in information and service industry in past years. According to the SOA definition of OASIS, SOA will bring tremendous changes in capability, service and service interface, compared with traditional telecom service architecture. Moreover, it adds a capability-service transform mechanism and greatly simplifies application development.
文摘Since the launch of the reform, China’s service trade has been growing at a much faster speed compared to that of the rest of the country’s economy and world trade. In developing commodity trade, we are also engaged in technology trade, service trade and international investment, making efforts to achieve fusion and mutual promotion. Now, we are speeding up the opening
文摘China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with diversifiedvoluntary service organizations at all levels,promoting the working methods innovationof voluntary service in all sectors and regions,
文摘 The new modern library of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), situated in the central area of Science Town in Zhongguancun, Beijing, has just been put into operation. As the largest specialized library in China, the library has become one of paradises for China' s avid readers,offering a central repository and global gateway for the collection and dissemination of scientific and technical information.……
文摘As an innovative mode of social endowment, combining medical care with modern medical care technology and old-age service is an important direction of a series of social problems caused by the deepening of aging and the intensification of aging process in China. It is the inevitable choice for the development of Chinese characteristics for the aged. At present, with the continuous development of the combination of medical care and rehabilitation, the process of combination of medical care and breeding is slow, and the problems of inter departmental cooperation, high cost of resource integration and low service efficiency have emerged. The paper puts forward that multi head management of different responsibility management body is a bottleneck problem that hinders the integration of medical care. From the objective and subjective two points of view, the administrative system level barrier and the inter departmental interest game are the important reasons that obstruct the medical support and break through the estrangement of the Department and realize the cooperation. Then, according to the theory of large part system reform, the author boldly proposes the idea of establishing a new comprehensive functional department that specializes in the management of pension related affairs.
基金This work is supported by the project of Sichuan county economic development research center of Sichuan provincial key research base of social sciences,"research on the coordination mechanism of county economic,ecological and social coupling development of giant panda national park"(xy2020034)the social science special research project of Sichuan agricultural university"research on innovation of modern urban agricultural development mode"(035/03571600).
文摘This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects.In this framework,a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decisionmaking with incomplete preferences,Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Moreover,a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I.Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases.The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model.By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis,the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced.Furthermore,with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS,more objective results can be reached.It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable.The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives.On the other side,the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative.Additionally,it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects.In this way,it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects.On the other hand,by providing financing with equity,there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors.If these investors make a profit,they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.
文摘Although many theories regarding the implementation of knowledge management （KM） in organizations have been proposed and studied, most applications tend to stand alone without incorporating the business processes. Different categories of knowledge provide different benefits and how to integrate various categories of KM into a hybrid approach as an effective KM manner remains strategically important, and yet is still understudied. Therefore, in this paper a hybrid model that integrates principal KM applications for new service development （NSD） and the measurement of the resulting f＇mancial benefits have been developed. The proposed KM model incorporates newsgroups, knowledge forums, knowledge asset management and knowledge application processes as a hybrid means for sharing organizational knowledge along two axes, explicit vs. implicit and individual vs. collective. One of the largest management consulting companies in Taiwan, China, whose process model of NSD was standing alone with KM applications, was selected for the case study. A set of hybrid KM processes was developed to implement the proposed KM model, and it illustrates an application with greater financial benefits for integrating hybrid KM practices into the business process. Based on knowledge value added （KVA） validation, the proposed KM model provides a new operating system for sharing NSD knowledge within an organization. Through the case study by measuring the achieved financial results, the proposed KM model is found to provide an exclusive hybrid platform with an empirical process model to address innovative approaches and practical values of KM within an organization.
文摘More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.
文摘There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank services on banks’market share.The statistical population of this research was Shahr bank’s central headquarter and its branches in Tehran,Iran.We developed questionnaires for gathering the data.The validity and reliability of the scales were tested by EFA,CFA,experts’opinion,and Cronbach’s alpha.We used linear regression to assess the impact of innovative channels,including internet banking,automatic teller machines(ATMs),mobile banking,telephone banking(TB),and point of sales(POS)on banks’market share.The results indicated that some of these channels,including internet banking,POS,and TB,positively affect a bank’s market share.The effect of two other platforms,including mobile banking and ATM development,on banks’market share was rejected.The findings of this study expand our understanding of how bank managers can improve their market share by developing innovative e-banking channels.
文摘China has stepped into the regional aircraft world market with its updating production ability and capacity China’s first homemade next-gen-eration turboprop regional aircraft Modern Ark 600 (MA600) rolled off the production line on June 29 in Xi ’an, capital of Shaanxi Province, marking a milestone in the country’s drive to be one of leading suppliers of passenger airliners with turboprop engines in the world.
