New Progress of Oil and Gas Research in the Tonghua Area, East of the Songliao Basin

The Tonghua region in the east of the Songliao Basin is a high-risk and blank area of petroleum exploration. The unrevealed key problems including the growth of source rocks, hydrocarbon generation potential and oil and gas source and the low exploration degree have constrained the further study of petroleum geological conditions and exploration deployment. Based on outcrop and core observations, geological section survey, trench exploration, high-precision gravity and magnetism and geological survey wells, this work discussed the basic geological conditions, main hydrocarbon source rocks, hydrocarbon generation potential and the oil and gas source.

Research and Application of New Methods to Oil-Gas Geochemical Exploration

Based on the results of researches and applications for many years, it has been discovered that new methods and techniques for geochemical exploration of oil and gas such as δC, altered carbonate, Hg in absorption phase, Ks, Fe2+, δ13C, fluorescence in two and three dimensions, and N2 and O2 in heat release can give full play in the following five fields: (1) optimization of the favourable target or hollow zones and structural zones in a region; (2) evaluation of oil traps and delineation of prospective oil and gas areas; (3) prediction of deep-seated oil-bearing horizons; (4) evaluation of the genesis of oil and gas geochemical anomalies and determination of the types of oil and gas accumulations; (5) forecast of the burial depths of oil and gas pools.

Analysis of the world oil and gas exploration situation in 2021

The global exploration investment, new oil and gas discoveries, exploration business adjustment strategies of oil companies in 2021, and future favorable exploration domains are systematically analyzed using commercial databases such as IHS and public information of oil companies. It has been found that the world oil and gas exploration situation in 2021 has continued the downturn since the outbreak of COVID-19. The investment and drilling workload decreased slightly, but the success rate of exploration wells, especially deepwater exploration wells, increased significantly, and the newly discovered reserves increased slightly compared with last year. Deep waters of the passive continental margin basins are still the leading sites for discovering conventional large and medium-sized oil and gas fields. The conventional oil and gas exploration in deep formations of onshore petroliferous basins has been keeping a good state, with tight/shale oil and gas discoveries made in Saudi Arabia, Russia, and other countries. While strengthening the exploration and development of local resources, national, international, and independent oil companies have been focusing on major overseas frontiers using their advantages, including risk exploration in deep waters and natural gas. Future favorable exploration directions in the three major frontiers, the global deep waters, deep onshore formations, and unconventional resources, have been clarified. Four suggestions are put forward for the global exploration business of Chinese oil companies: first, a farm in global deepwater frontier basins in advance through bidding at a low cost and adopt the “dual exploration model” after making large-scale discoveries;second, enter new blocks of emerging hot basins in the world through farm-in and other ways, to find large oil and gas fields quickly;third, cooperate with national oil companies of the resource host countries in the form of joint research and actively participate exploration of deep onshore formations of petroliferous basins;fourth, track tight/shale oil and gas cooperation opportunities in a few countries such as Saudi Arabia and Russia, and take advantage of mature domestic theories and technologies to farm in at an appropriate time.

New Challenges,New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

First-mover advantage and solid foundation of oil and gas cooperation is very important to the Belt and Road Initiative.Deeply studied opportunities and challenges of oil and gas cooperation have far-reaching significance to the cooperation in other industries in the Belt and Road.In this article,based on the systematic analysis of the oil and gas supply security,investment environment,regional win-win situation in oil and gas cooperation,new opportunities and challenges about upstream,pipeline,refining,trade,warehousing,engineering technology and equipment are studied.Enhancing capacities in four areas and implementing the 16 measures are given for deepening oil and gas cooperation in the future.Meanwhile,this article also gives suggestions and cooperation directions for countries and companies.

On the connotation, challenge and significance of China’s “energy independence” strategy

The world’s energy is in the "third major transformation period" from fossil energy to new energy, and all countries in the world have formulated energy development strategies. Through advanced deployment, the United States is about to achieve "energy independence" relying on "unconventional oil and gas revolution". China’s energy development is faced with four challenges:(1) The population base and economic development scale determine the "totally huge amount" of energy consumption;(2) the "coal rich but oil and gas insufficient" resource structure determines the "unclean" energy consuming structure;(3) the increasing dependence on imported oil and gas determines the "unsafe" energy supply;and(4) the unconventional oil and gas endowment makes it impossible to achieve energy independence by copying the American model. From the perspective of the world energy trend and the unique situation of China’s energy, we put forward a "three-step" strategy for China to achieve "energy independence": From 2020 to 2035, "energy supply security" will be addressed by "cleaning coal, stabilizing oil and gas production and vigorously developing new alternative energy";from 2035 to 2050, the vision of "production independence" will be realized by relying on "domestic production and overseas oil and gas mining rights";from 2050 to 2100, "intelligent energy and new energy" will help China realize "energy independence". The two important signs of China’s "energy independence" are that domestic production accounts for more than 90% of the domestic consumption and clean energy production accounts for more than 70%, and energy security realizes "independence and self-control" and "long-term security". The strategic significance of "energy independence" is to ensure national energy security, drive the development of relevant major industries, achieve energy management reform, and implement the environmental protection goal of zero carbon emissions. The "energy independence" of China is a strategic mission, it might be fulfilled in the future with the growth of the state’s power, even when the domestic energy production does not catch up with the domestic consumption. Perhaps the world’s new technological revolution will exceed expectations, and China’s "energy independence" dream will eventually come true.

Energy Cooperation along the Belt and Road: Status-quo, Problems and Suggestions

The "Belt and Road Initiative"was proposed by China in order to deepen international cooperation. The promotion of this initiative will have a positive and far-reaching impact on the sustainable development of China's economy.Energy cooperation has become an important part of China's opening up to the outside world. It is of great sign^cance in safeguarding national security,ensuring stable supply of energy,improving China's rights of speech in international energy markets,and helping China's energy companies to "go global".So far, energy cooperation along the Belt and Road has achieved a good start.Oil and gas companies such as CNPC and Sinopec have moved very fast in overseas cooperation,and new energy companies are actively following up.In order to achieve practical results in China's energy cooperation,this paper analyzesseveral problems and puts forward policy proposals.

新能源汽车对成品油替代的区域性研究

2023年,中国新能源汽车已进入全面市场拓展期。目前,中国新能源汽车正处于“两高一强”的发展阶段,对成品油的替代呈现“一家独大”的现状。将全国分为东北、西北、西南、华东、华南、华北六个区域,构建“长期看保有,中期看销量,短期看运营车”的分析框架,从短期、中期、长期三个维度对不同区域、不同省份的新能源汽车的成品油替代作用展开细化分析研究。建议成品油销售企业根据各区域新能源汽车发展特色制定油品销售规划,分区域推进综合能源服务站的布局与建设,同时助力公共领域新能源汽车的应用推广工作,以应对新能源汽车对成品油的替代,加快世界一流综合性国际能源公司的建设。

青岛海洋地质研究所45年来海域油气资源调查进展

石油和天然气资源是重要的能源矿产和战略性资源,海洋蕴含着丰富的油气资源,青岛海洋地质研究所(简称青岛所)自1979年重建始,便开启了海域油气资源调查、研究与评价工作的序幕。45年来,青岛所持续开展了海域及邻区含油气盆地对比、黄东海新区新层系油气资源调查评价、中国海域和海丝路海域油气勘探开发形势分析,并于2019和2021年开展了2个航次的北印度洋重点海域联合地质科学考查。本文回顾了45年以来青岛所海域油气调查与研究历史,梳理了取得的主要进展,重点介绍了海域新区新层系油气资源调查技术、东部海域新区新层系油气地质新认识、印度扇近海盆地的科学考查发现与认识、海域油气资源勘探开发总体形势与战略性方向,梳理了面临的主要挑战,同时展望了油气调查主要领域和方向,这对进一步摸清海域油气资源家底、服务海域油气矿政管理和国家能源资源安全保障具有重要意义。

论油气资源的多元勘探

油气资源勘探的常规方案大致是普查—详查—细测、物探—地质—钻井等。本研究团队在前人研究与应用基础上,经过多年的资源勘探实践,逐步形成了油气资源的多元勘探理论。该理论体系是由受控区域构造不同地质时代构造运动叠合作用下的多构造属性单元、不同油气属性特征的目标单元、不同物源属性的多学科多尺度地球物理勘探单元,以及不同作用的地球物理方法技术单元等所组构。本文以松辽盆地滨北地区、佳伊断裂上的汤伊地堑带为例论述了该勘探理论。松辽盆地自古生代至中新生代受控于古亚洲洋、蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋、西太平洋构造域的顺时针以挤压应力场为主的作用,同时该应力场作用具有一定的叠合表现。由区域地球物理、精细地球物理、石油地质、岩石物理、计算地球物理等不同学科的联合研究,对深层、探查程度低的油气新层系新领域目标进行了多尺度方法技术探查,最终提出目标区的油气性新认识。上述勘探新理论的建立延展了油气勘探思路,补充了已有的勘探方案,同时这一勘探理论也有益于固体矿产资源的探查。

地球化学勘查新技术应用研究

地球化学勘查是资源和环境领域一种十分重要的勘查评价方法技术。最近十年来地球化学勘查新方法新技术研究的重要进展主要表现在以下几个方面:①基本解决了森林沼泽区、干旱半干旱高寒山区、高寒湖沼丘陵区中普遍存在的有机质和?或风成沙对水系沉积物测量的严重干扰问题,确定采样粒级为:森林沼泽区和高寒湖沼丘陵区-10^+60目,干旱半干旱高寒山区-10^+40目或-10^+80目。大大改善了这些地区的地质找矿效果,新找到了以沱沱河多金属矿田为代表的一批有影响的大型—超大型矿床,开创了资源勘查的新局面。②建立了覆盖区多目标区域地球化学调查方法技术体系:以1点?4 km2系统采集地表(20 cm以内)和以1点?16 km2系统采集1.5 m深度土壤样品,测试54种元素和指标。提出了农业、环境和城市地球化学异常查证及评价方法。为建立绿色和特色农牧产品基地、碳循环研究提供出高质量的基础地球化学资料。完成了中国勘查地球化学向环境调查领域的成功转型。③深穿透地球化学理论和方法技术研究获得了一定的进展,发现了纳米尺度金属微粒从深部向地表迁移的线索,初步制定出深穿透地球化学样品的特殊分析测试方法技术。④油气化探方法技术在曲折中发展前进,初步建立起了完整的勘查方法技术体系,在油气勘查工作中得到一定程度的推广应用,取得了一些成功的油气勘查案例。

甘肃高寒阴湿区临夏县主要粮油作物适宜新品种筛选研究

甘肃临夏高寒阴湿区 ,主要粮油作物新品种缺乏 ,通过引进不同作物品种进行适应性筛选 ,认为春小麦高原 4 48、蚕豆临蚕 5号、马铃薯陇薯 94 0 8、玉米冀承单 2 2号、春油菜杂油 5

松辽盆地外围油气基础地质调查工程进展与未来工作方向

以实现松辽盆地油气资源接续为目标,围绕侏罗系、石炭—二叠系、中新元古界3套目标层系,在松辽盆地外围西部、南部和东部地区开展油气基础地质调查工作。阐述了"松辽盆地外围油气基础地质调查工程"的总体目标任务、主要工作内容,提出了实现目标任务拟解决的关键问题、解决思路及预期成果;同时,总结了目前该工程所取得的阶段性成果,并对未来的工作方向提出了展望。

因地制宜发展小油桐生物柴油促进广西喀斯特地区新农村建设

广西喀斯特地区特殊的水文地质条件,使得该区成为广西经济发展最落后、贫困人口最密集的区域之一,因地制宜发展小油桐生物柴油,既可以缓解广西能源压力,带动广西经济的可持续发展,也可以涵养水土,改善山区生态环境,加快农业产业结构调整,促进广西喀斯特地区社会主义新农村建设。但受制于政策和市场环境不完善、资金投入不足等因素,使得桂北喀斯特地区生物柴油发展面临困境。文章认为,要加快该产业的发展,应采取如下对策:建立良种繁育技术体系,加快原料基地建设;建立健全生物柴油收购流通体系和相关政策,营造良好的产业发展环境;培育龙头企业,加快产业化发展的步伐;能化并举,建立生物柴油产业集群;推动科技支撑体系建设和技术创新,引导企业成为技术创新的主体。

全国油气资源战略选区调查工程进展与成果

2016—2018年期间,由中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心牵头组织实施的"全国油气资源战略选区调查工程",以实现"新区、新层系、新类型、新认识"四新领域油气调查战略发现和突破,推动创建油气勘查开发新格局为目标,按照总体部署、分步实施原则,组织开展了长江经济带页岩气调查、北方新区新层系和松辽盆地页岩油调查油气调查三大科技攻坚战。在基础地质调查基础上,评价优选了一批页岩油气有利目标区,部署实施了二维地震、参数井和压裂试气工程,实现了长江中游下古生界页岩气、松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩油、塔里木盆地温宿凸起新近系油气、准噶尔盆地南缘二叠系芦草沟组油气和侏罗系西山窑组煤层气以及银额盆地居延海坳陷石炭系—二叠系油气调查等一系列重大突破和发现,初步摸清了新区新层系资源潜力。这些成果大大提振了南方复杂构造区页岩气、陆相页岩油和北方新区新层系油气资源勘查的信心,推动了油气地质调查与科技创新的深度融合,形成了油气成藏理论机理新认识,发挥了公益性油气资源调查的引领和带动作用。

北方新区新层系油气地质调查与勘探进展及成果

“天山—兴蒙构造带油气基础地质调查工程”全力支撑北方新区新层系油气调查科技攻坚战,按北方石炭系—二叠系、大型盆地深层和山前构造带3个层次开展工作部署。主攻北方石炭系—二叠系,查明西北地区石炭系—二叠系沉积充填序列,恢复岩相古地理,建立油气成藏模式,优选战略突破目标,支撑并实现银额盆地居延海坳陷、准噶尔盆地南部博格达山前和柴达木盆地东部3个重要油气突破;重点评价塔里木盆地深层震旦系—下奥陶统成藏条件,通过开展塔里木盆地深部调查,查明了震旦系—下奥陶统盆地结构和展布,落实了生、储、盖的平面分布特征,预测了深部油气成藏模式;积极准备在山前构造带开展工作,初步查明塔里木盆地西北缘构造格架和寒武系盐下成藏条件,在塔里木盆地温宿凸起实现了新区新层系油气重大突破,初步评价了柯坪断隆的油气资源潜力。工程取得的研究成果为推动自然资源部(原国土资源部)在新疆开展油气矿权管理体质改革起到了强有力的支撑作用。

支撑油气地质调查 服务能源安全保障——陆域油气地质调查钻完井工程专题编者按

中国地质调查局从2010年起开始部署公益性油气基础地质调查工作,2013年起勘探投资和钻井数量逐年提高,2015年达到高峰。2013—2020年中国地质调查局公益性油气勘探累计投入经费169.99亿元,实施各类钻井共520口,完成钻探进尺62.87万m。为了全面总结基础地质调查钻完井工程发展和技术创新,引领公益性油气调查钻完井工程科技发展方向,加快推进公益性、基础性油气地质调查.

居住——在城市的每一个角落

身处杭州这个极具休闲气质的城市,对幸福生活感的追求成为住宅设计的原动力。文章通过介绍浙江城建设计研究院分别位于杭州市旧城中心、城市新区和郊区的三个不同类型的住宅项目,探讨了在区域、居住人群的社会阶层存在差异的前提下,如何通过物质环境的营造为人们带来居住的幸福感。

海拉尔盆地油气勘探开发新领域、新类型及资源潜力

海拉尔盆地是位于中国北部边陲的中生代—新生代陆相断陷盆地,经过60余年的持续勘探,主力含油层系已进入开发中后期阶段,埋藏浅、规模大、易发现的构造油藏几乎已钻探殆尽,近年来的规模增储难度日益增大。通过系统回顾海拉尔盆地的油气勘探历程,结合当前勘探开发实践,指出向勘探程度较低的洼槽区和深部层系进军是打开海拉尔盆地油气勘探新局面的必经之路。海拉尔盆地在南屯组凝缩层段页岩油、铜钵庙组砂砾岩岩性油藏、侏罗系塔木兰沟组油藏和基岩潜山内幕油藏4个新领域具有较大的勘探潜力,石油总资源量预测达5.96×10^(8)t;新领域油藏与已发现的油藏具有空间互补性,构成了一个更加完整的从中—浅层到深层、从斜坡带到洼槽区、从常规到非常规的多层系多类型且油藏呈有序分布、差异富集的复杂断陷盆地含油气系统,可进一步挖掘其勘探潜力。