Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroi...Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes,usually associated with altered activation of the immune system following presumable stimulation by still unknown autoantigens.展开更多
Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in ...Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply,biofilm formation,and signal transduction processes,and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors.More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning,progress,and treatment resistance.The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism.Therefore,we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer,and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer,as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.展开更多
Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing diffi...Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing difficulties,and,in the most severe cases,premature death.A second unaffected gene（SMN2）is present,but it can only produce a limited amount of functional protein,modulating the disease severity and progression.展开更多
Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophys...Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophysiological approaches popularly known as omnious octet[1].Importantly,type 2 diabetes is a展开更多
Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases a...Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases are idiopathic, in about 10% of the patients a genetic cause can be detected, ascribable to mutations in more than a dozen genes. PD is characterized clinically by tremor, rigidity, reduced mo- tor activity （bradykinesia）, and postural instability and pathological- ly by loss of dopaminergic （DA） neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, loss of DA innervation in the striatum, and the presence of a-synuclein positive aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies. The symptomatic treatment of PD with levodopa, which aims at replac- ing dopamine, remains the gold standard, and no neuroprotective or disease-modifying therapy is available. During treatment, the disease continues to progress, and long-term use of levodopa has import- ant limitations including motor complications termed dyskinesias. Therefore, a pharmacological therapy able to prevent or halt the neu- rodegenerative process is urgently required.展开更多
This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of developme...This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of development for year 2000-2015 and the main tasks of industrialization system construction.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in more than one-third of the world population. Its impact on global health is a result of decades of neglect for such an important infectious disease, la...Tuberculosis(TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in more than one-third of the world population. Its impact on global health is a result of decades of neglect for such an important infectious disease, lack of resources for national TB control programs, poor case detection, and inadequate/inappropriate therapy in high-burden countries. The worldwide dissemination of multidrug(MDR) and extensively drug resistant(XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis poses a serious threat to human health due to inadequacy of long and cumbersome tuberculosis(TB) therapy. Treatment regimens consist of at least four drugs with different mechanisms of action. Several new molecules in clinical development hasencouraged the scientific community to discover new drug targets and new drug candidates. Therefore, new drugs are urgently needed to shorten and improve the treatment course in drug resistant TB, and to minimize the occurrence of new infections and death. Nowadays, various new investigational drugs, such as bedaquine(TMC207), nitroimidazoles(PA-824, OPC-67683), diamines(SQ109), oxazolidinones(Linezolid, PNU-100480(Sutezolid), ADZ5847), pyrroles(LL3858) and fluoroquinolones(moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin), have entered clinical trials and are in progress to be developed for the treatment of MDR-TB. In this perspectivearticle, an overview of the new anti-TB drugs with different structures that are either being clinically used or in advanced stages clinical stages as well as of preclinical development are presented. This review provides snapshots of the efforts that are being made in the development of new drugs as lead anti-TB agents. Finally, it is crucial to improve the connection between research and development institutes, industries, drug contro l authorities, and international policy-making bodies to deliver efficacious therapies for patients who are suffering from TB.展开更多
The study of wave guide invariant in underwater acoustics is one of attracted topics in recent 30 years. The interferences of direct wave and reflect wave from sea surface and sea bottom of underwater target radiated ...The study of wave guide invariant in underwater acoustics is one of attracted topics in recent 30 years. The interferences of direct wave and reflect wave from sea surface and sea bottom of underwater target radiated noise inherent the information of target distance. Extraction of these distance information will provide a possible new way in passive ranging for underwater target. The theoretical analysis and the results of at sea experiments show that the LOFAR （Low Frequency Analysis Record） figure inherently contains the range and moving information of passive acoustic sources, even in the situation that the receiver is only one single hydrophone. The theoretical analysis of extraction of target distance information by using wave guide invariant is presented in this paper. It is shown that, based on the interference striation pattern of target, the hydrophone array system is possible to extract the distance information with quite high array gain. Although the mathematical constrain conditions in forming interference striation pattern are different for individual array element, but it is proved that the differences of time delays between array elements can be used in compensation of beamforming. The theoretical analysis, system simulation and some results of at sea experiment show a new way in passive ranging and target recognition.展开更多
文摘Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic,severe and complex disease of still uncertain etiopathogenesis,with lesions in the cerebral white matter and spinal cord.The disease is heterogeneous,but is characterized by neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes,usually associated with altered activation of the immune system following presumable stimulation by still unknown autoantigens.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:22176195 and 82127801)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.:2022YFF0705003)+5 种基金the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression(Grant No.:ZDSYS20220606100606014)the Guangdong Province Zhu Jiang Talents Plan,China(Grant No.:2021QN02Y028)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.:2021A1515010171)the Key Program of Fundamental Research in Shenzhen,China(Grant No.:JCYJ20210324115811031)the Sustainable Development Program of Shenzhen,China(Grant No.:KCXFZ202002011008124)the National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Shenzhen(Grant Nos.:SZ2020ZD002 and SZ2020QN005).
文摘Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply,biofilm formation,and signal transduction processes,and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors.More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning,progress,and treatment resistance.The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism.Therefore,we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer,and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer,as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
文摘Spinal muscular atrophy（SMA）is a hereditary pediatric motor neuron（MN）disease：survival motor neuron 1（SMN1）gene mutation determines MN degeneration and,consequently,muscle atrophy,breathing and swallowing difficulties,and,in the most severe cases,premature death.A second unaffected gene（SMN2）is present,but it can only produce a limited amount of functional protein,modulating the disease severity and progression.
文摘Dear editor,The advent of modern molecular mechanism’s approach to disease treatment is highly advancing to mitigate/normalize the symptoms of disease i.e.hyperglycemia by targeting at least eight different pathophysiological approaches popularly known as omnious octet[1].Importantly,type 2 diabetes is a
基金supported by the Ministry of Health and Department of Educational Assistance,University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano
文摘Parkinson＇s disease （PD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is generally considered a multifactorial disorder that arises owing to a combination of genes and environmental factors. While most cases are idiopathic, in about 10% of the patients a genetic cause can be detected, ascribable to mutations in more than a dozen genes. PD is characterized clinically by tremor, rigidity, reduced mo- tor activity （bradykinesia）, and postural instability and pathological- ly by loss of dopaminergic （DA） neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, loss of DA innervation in the striatum, and the presence of a-synuclein positive aggregates in the form of Lewy bodies. The symptomatic treatment of PD with levodopa, which aims at replac- ing dopamine, remains the gold standard, and no neuroprotective or disease-modifying therapy is available. During treatment, the disease continues to progress, and long-term use of levodopa has import- ant limitations including motor complications termed dyskinesias. Therefore, a pharmacological therapy able to prevent or halt the neu- rodegenerative process is urgently required.
文摘This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of development for year 2000-2015 and the main tasks of industrialization system construction.
文摘Tuberculosis(TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in more than one-third of the world population. Its impact on global health is a result of decades of neglect for such an important infectious disease, lack of resources for national TB control programs, poor case detection, and inadequate/inappropriate therapy in high-burden countries. The worldwide dissemination of multidrug(MDR) and extensively drug resistant(XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis poses a serious threat to human health due to inadequacy of long and cumbersome tuberculosis(TB) therapy. Treatment regimens consist of at least four drugs with different mechanisms of action. Several new molecules in clinical development hasencouraged the scientific community to discover new drug targets and new drug candidates. Therefore, new drugs are urgently needed to shorten and improve the treatment course in drug resistant TB, and to minimize the occurrence of new infections and death. Nowadays, various new investigational drugs, such as bedaquine(TMC207), nitroimidazoles(PA-824, OPC-67683), diamines(SQ109), oxazolidinones(Linezolid, PNU-100480(Sutezolid), ADZ5847), pyrroles(LL3858) and fluoroquinolones(moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin), have entered clinical trials and are in progress to be developed for the treatment of MDR-TB. In this perspectivearticle, an overview of the new anti-TB drugs with different structures that are either being clinically used or in advanced stages clinical stages as well as of preclinical development are presented. This review provides snapshots of the efforts that are being made in the development of new drugs as lead anti-TB agents. Finally, it is crucial to improve the connection between research and development institutes, industries, drug contro l authorities, and international policy-making bodies to deliver efficacious therapies for patients who are suffering from TB.
文摘The study of wave guide invariant in underwater acoustics is one of attracted topics in recent 30 years. The interferences of direct wave and reflect wave from sea surface and sea bottom of underwater target radiated noise inherent the information of target distance. Extraction of these distance information will provide a possible new way in passive ranging for underwater target. The theoretical analysis and the results of at sea experiments show that the LOFAR （Low Frequency Analysis Record） figure inherently contains the range and moving information of passive acoustic sources, even in the situation that the receiver is only one single hydrophone. The theoretical analysis of extraction of target distance information by using wave guide invariant is presented in this paper. It is shown that, based on the interference striation pattern of target, the hydrophone array system is possible to extract the distance information with quite high array gain. Although the mathematical constrain conditions in forming interference striation pattern are different for individual array element, but it is proved that the differences of time delays between array elements can be used in compensation of beamforming. The theoretical analysis, system simulation and some results of at sea experiment show a new way in passive ranging and target recognition.
