New findings of Changxingaspis(Xiushuiaspidae,Galeaspida)from the Silurian of Tarim Basin and Zhejiang Province,China

New discovery of the early Silurian fossil fish Changxingaspis(Xiushuiaspidae,Galeaspida),Changxingaspis nianzhongi sp.nov.and C.gui,are described from the Tataertag Formation in Tarim Basin and the Kangshan Formation in Zhejiang Province,respectively.C.nianzhongi mainly differs from C.gui in the shape of the median dorsal opening that is transverse elliptic with a width/length ratio of about 3.0,the long lateral transverse canals extending to the lateral margin of the headshield,and the second lateral transverse canal with dichotomous branchings.Discovery of C.nianzhongi from the Tataertag Formation and C.gui from the Kangshan Formation provide direct evidence on the specific level for the correlation between these two formations,which further supports the Silurian fish-bearing red beds in northwest Zhejiang belonging to the Silurian Lower Red Beds(LRBs)rather than the Upper Red Beds(URBs).Additionally,as the first record of the Changxingaspis in Tarim Basin,it extends the paleogeographical distribution of this genus from the South China Block to the Tarim Block,providing new evidence to support faunal exchanges between these two blocks and the hypothesis of a united Tarim-South China Block during the early Silurian.

浙江种子植物资料增补(ⅩⅨ)

报道了3个浙江种子植物新分类群:异形玉叶金花Mussaenda shikokiana Makino f.anomala(H.L.Li)J.P.Li,S.J.Ying et Z.H.Chen新等级与新组合变型,石山薜荔Ficus pumila L.var.calcarea G.Y.Li,W.Y.Xie et Z.H.Chen新变种,玉果山菅Dianella ensifolia(L.)Redoutéf.leucocarpa J.P.Wu,Y.F.Zhang et Z.H.Chen新变型,其中异形玉叶金花为华东野生植物分布新记录。凭证标本保存于浙江自然博物院(ZM)。

A New Perleidiform(Actinopterygii,Osteichthyes)from the Middle Anisian(Middle Triassic)of Yunnan,South China

Two complete specimens from the Pelsonian （Middle Anisian, Middle Triassic） of Luoping, Yunnan Province, South China are referred to a new actinopterygian genus, Luopingichthys gen. nov., and ascribed to the perleidiform family Polzbergidae based especially on a typical synapomorphy of a peculiar premaxillary-maxillary complex, i.e., the fusion between premaxillary and maxillary along the antero-dorsal margin of the maxillary. The new taxon differs from other deep-bodied representatives of the family, Felberia and Stoppania, in its fusiform or deep fusiform body shape; sickle-shaped preopercular with short infraorbital process; lack of modified scales at the base of the anal fin; the short-based dorsal fin; scarcely ornamented scales; and thin anterior teeth. Based on a redescription of the holotype of the taxon Ctenognathichthys hattichi from the Middle Triassic （Ladinian） Prosanto Formation, Canton Graubiinden, eastern Switzerland, the only known specimen, which shows the same fusion between premaxillary and maxillary, the systematic position of the species is clarified and the taxon is proposed to be a further representative of the family Polzbergidae, and is transferred to the new genus.

A New Species of the Family Juraperlidae (Insecta:Grylloblattida) from the Middle Jurassic of China

Juraperla grandis sp. nov. （Grylloblattida： Juraperlidae） is described from the Daohugou locality （Middle Jurassic, China）. Its wing venation is very similar to that ofJuraperla daohugouensis Huang and Nd, 2007 （Grylloblattida： Juraperlidae）, in the particular occurrence of a supplementary longitudinal vein in the area between the anterior wing margin and ScP. The larger size of the new specimen, the lower number of CuA1 branches, and the occurrence of two rows of cells between MP and CuA in forewings justify the erection of a new species, J. grandis sp. nov.. The material also preserved hind wing and body structures, described for the first time in Juraperlidae.

长兴水韭,中国水韭属一个四倍体新种

水韭属是一类具有异形孢子的古老石松类植物,全属物种均被列入国家重点保护野生植物。该文报道了在浙江省长兴县新发现的一个四倍体水韭属居群。基于形态学、孢粉学和细胞学证据,将该物种命名为长兴水韭(Isoetes changxingensis),并详细描述了其形态特征。长兴水韭与保东水韭(I.baodongii)在植株形态及孢子纹饰方面都较为相似,不同之处在于其染色体为44条,大孢子极面直径为317~411μm(平均为360μm)(vs.染色体22条,大孢子极面直径为390~510μm,平均为450μm)。与同为四倍体的隆平水韭(I.longpingii)在孢子大小方面极为接近,不同之处在于其根状茎3裂,叶片中间宽为2~3 mm,大孢子表面具棘刺-脊条状纹饰(vs.根状茎2裂,叶片中间宽度为1 mm,大孢子表面具瘤状-脊条状纹饰)。该种与中华水韭(I.sinensis)的区别在于其大孢子较小,表面纹饰不同,叶片长为20~60 cm(vs.大孢子极面直径为340~450μm,平均为409μm,具脊条状突起纹饰,叶片长为15~30 cm)。长兴水韭目前仅分布于其模式产地的一处沟渠,由于其分布区狭窄,野生居群数量较少,栖息地环境受到人为干扰,因此根据IUCN红色名录评估标准可将长兴水韭暂定为濒危(EN)等级。由于该种面临生境破坏和野外人为刈割的风险,因此很有必要开展迁地保护及野外回归等相关工作。该文编制了中国已报道的水韭属物种的分种检索表,为该属物种的鉴定和保护工作提供了参考。

盛宇报春苣苔,中国广西石灰岩地区苦苣苔科一新种——兼述微斑报春苣苔花的形态补充描述

报道了中国广西石灰岩地区苦苣苔科报春苣苔属一新种:盛宇报春苣苔(Primulina liangshengyui R.F.Li&L.Ding),该种形态上与微斑报春苣苔[P.minutimaculata(D.Fang&W.T.Wang)Yin Z.Wang]近似,但可通过叶片且两面被极短的白色糙伏毛;苞片正面无毛,背面被白色短糙浮毛;萼片密被腺毛;花冠紫色,基部逐渐褪为白色;花丝具腺毛来区分。目前,该种仅在广西大化县发现一个居群,成熟个体不足500株,通过IUCN评估标准,该种暂时被评为易危[VU D2]。同时,基于大量的有花标本和野外实地调查,对微斑报春苣苔的花部形态进行了补充描述。

Paracremonium moubasheri,a new species from an alkaline sediment of Lake Hamra in Wadi-El-Natron,Egypt with a key to the accepted species

During surveys of extremophilic fungi in hypersaline,alkaline lakes of Wadi-El-Natron,Egypt,an interesting fungus was recovered from a mud sample collected from Lake Hamra in Wadi-El-Natron,Egypt.Maximum likelihood analysis of Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS)gene along with morphological comparisons of related taxa revealed a novel taxon,Paracremonium moubasheri which is described and illustrated in the current study.Paracremonium moubasheri can be distinguished from the known species of the genus by its large conidia,in addition to the presence of chlamydospores.

Aspergillus gaarensis,a new addition to section Circumdati from soil of Lake El-Gaar in Wadi-El-Natron,Egypt

In the present study,a novel fungus belonging to the genus Aspergillus section Circumdati was isolated from a cultivated soil sample close to El-Gaar lake in Wadi-El-Natron region,Egypt.Sequence of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)gene of its DNA showed that the isolate differs from all known Aspergillus species in section Circumdati.The novel Aspergillus species is described here as Aspergillus gaarensis.Phenotypic characteristics and molecular data were applied to determine its novel taxonomic status.Both macro and micro characteristics of the novel species are presented in the current study.

Talaromyces peaticola(Aspergillaceae,Eurotiales),a new species from the Zoige wetlands,China

Species in Talaromyces section Trachyspermi are isolated from a wide range of substrates,including soil,house dust,leaf,wood and fruit from temperate region to tropical areas.During a survey of fungal diversity in Zoige wetlands,three isolates with biverticillate adpressed penicilli and spheroidal conidia belonging to Talaromyces are isolated from peat soil.Phylogenetic analyses based on a combined ITS,BenA,CaM and RPB2 sequence data suggests they represent a novel taxon in Talaromyces section Trachyspermi,namely Talaromyces peaticola.In spite of T.peaticola has a close affinity to T.diversus in phylogeny,it is readily distinguished from the later,resulted from growing slowly on CREA at 25℃,exudating small clear droplets on MEA,and producing smaller conidia than that of T.diversus.

中国苦苣苔科植物濒危现状与多样性保护

截至2021年12月31日,中国已知苦苣苔科植物共有805种(含种下等级,下同),隶属于45个属,主要分布在我国西南至华南地区,其中特有种和狭域种十分丰富。由于苦苣苔科大部分种类仅适应于某些特化的微生境,因此极易因自身原因和外界因素的干扰而致危。为更好地了解中国苦苣苔科已知物种的濒危风险,该研究在查阅相关文献且结合最近发表的新分类群中关于濒危等级评估的相关内容,辅以近年来实地调查掌握的第一手资料,对中国苦苣苔科已知物种的濒危等级进行了统计分析和重新评估。同时,依托中国野生植物保护协会苦苣苔专业委员会、广西植物研究所国家苦苣苔科种质资源库和中国苦苣苔科植物保育中心平台,首次创新了从新种发现和发表到濒危状况评估、即时启动保育和园艺新品种培育同步进行的物种保护新模式。分析结果表明,有必要提高政府相关部门对苦苣苔科植物多样性保护的重视程度。因此,建议:(1)进一步加强对中国苦苣苔科植物种质资源保护紧迫性的认识;(2)针对濒危的尤其是被评估为极危(CR)和濒危(EN)的类群开展“抢救性”保护、迁地与就地保护和野外回归;(3)积极开展新品种培育等方面的研究。以上结果和建议是将来苦苣苔科植物多样性保护的重要基础和必要前提。

广东杜鹃花科一新种

报道了广东杜鹃花科植物的一新种──大田顶杜鹃．

浙江种子植物资料增补(Ⅴ)

报道了在浙江种子植物分类研究中的若干新发现:(1)粗梗稠李Padus napaulensis,小果南烛Lyonia ovalifolia var.elliptica 2个植物分布新记录;(2)展毛中国绣球Hydrangea chinensis var.patentihirsuta 1个植物新变种和绿苞灯台莲Arisaema bockii f.viridescens 1个植物新组合;(3)同时对尼泊尔蓼Polygonum nepalense,毛柄金腰Chrysosplenium pilosopetiolatum,大籽猕猴桃Actinidia.macrosperma,天目紫茎Stewartia gemmate 4种植物的分类地位和学名进行了考证。

浙江悬钩子属（蔷薇科）植物新资料

报道了浙江蔷薇科Rosaceae悬钩子属Rubus L.植物分类研究中的若干新发现:(1)描述了1新种--掌叶山莓R.palmatiformisZ.H.Chen,F.ChenetF.G.Zhang;2新变种--圆叶悬钩子R.amphidasysFockevar.suborbiculatus Z. H. Chen, W. Y. Xie et F. G. Zhang和展毛悬钩子R. hakonensis Franch. et Sav. var. villosulusZ. H.Chen, W. Y. Xie et F. G. Zhang。(2)恢复了箱根悬钩子R. hakonensis Franch. et Sav.的种级地位,纠正了以往的错误鉴定;将三裂中南悬钩子R.grayanusMaxim.var.trilobatusT.T.YuetL.T.Lu和无毛光果悬钩子R.glabricarpus var. glabratus C. Z. Zheng et Y. Y. Fang作为武夷悬钩子R. jiangxiensis Z. X. Yu, W. T. Ji et H. Zheng的新异名。(3)报道了3个植物分布新记录,其中攀枝莓R. flagelliflorus Focke ex Diels.和铅山悬钩子R. tsangii Merr.var.yanshanensis(Z.X.YuetW.T.Ji)L.T.Lu为浙江分布新记录,黄果蓬蘽R.hirsutusThunb.f.xanthocarpus(Nakai) M. Kim为中国分布新记录。

浙江植物区系新资料

本文报道了12科、18属、18种和1变型。其中1科(沟繁缕科Elatinaceae),6属(老虎刺属Pterolobium R.Br.ex Wight et Arn.,坡油甘属Smithia Ait.,甜果藤属Mappianthus Hand.-Mazz.,沟繁缕属Elatine L.,木犀榄属Olea L.,又柱兰属Cheirostylis Bl.)和18种为浙江分布新记录,白花香花崖豆藤Millettiadielsiana Harms form. alba L. H. Lou et G.Y.Li,form.nov.为新变型。

《河南植物志》单子叶植物增补

增补报道了《河南植物志》中未记录的河南产单子叶植物7种,隶属于4科7属,其中3种为河南分布新记录.

浙江蔷薇科苹果亚科植物分类修订

对浙江蔷薇科Rosaceae苹果亚科Maloideae的梨属Pyrus L.和石楠属Photinia Lindl.的4种植物进行了分类修订:描述了1新种——海棠叶梨P.malifolioides Z.H.Chen,W.Y.Xie et Zi L.Chen,并附有墨线图;恢复了柯氏梨P.koehnei C.K.Schneid.的种级地位,补充了果实描述;确认了绒毛豆梨P.calleryana Decne.form.tomentella Rehder在浙江以往为错误鉴定;将绵毛石楠Photinia lanuginosa T.T.Yu降级改隶为石楠P.serratifolia(Desf.)Kalkman的变种,即P.serratifolia var.lanuginosa(T.T.Yu)F.G.Zhang et Z.H.Chen.

浙江的假奓包叶属植物

本文报道了浙江植物区系一分布新记录属——假奓包叶属Discocleidion(Muell.-Arg.)Pax et Hoffm.,包括一种和一新变种:光假爹包叶D. glabrumMerr.毛果假奓包叶D.glabrum Merr.var. trichocarpum G.Y.Li,P.L.Chiu et Z.H.Chen,var.nov.,并对该属及有关种的分类,形态特征作了讨论和订正,同时列出了国产种的分种(变种)检索表及其形态特征、分布和生境等。

浙江种子植物资料订补

报道了在浙江种子植物分类研究中的若干新发现:1)对8个分类群进行了修订,其中将天目山孩儿参Pseudostellaria tianmushanensis作为异花孩儿参P.heterantha的异名;赞同将华蔓首乌Fallopia forbesii作为虎杖Reynoutria japonica的异名;历史文献记载浙江产的安徽繁缕Stellaria anhweiensis、三脉种阜草Moehringia trinervia系无瓣繁缕Stellaria apetala之误定;恢复了细叶短柱茶Camellia microphylla、闪光红山茶C.lucidissima2个种的种级地位;重新组合了黄腺柃Eurya aureopunctata、红花短柱茶Camellia microphyllaf.rubida2个分类群.2)描述了景宁白山茶Camellia lucidissima subsp.jingningensis、多瓣杨桐Cleyera japonica subsp.pleiopetala2个新亚种,并附有彩色照片.

浙江种子植物资料订补(Ⅱ)

报道了在浙江种子植物分类研究中的若干新发现:1)研究了浙江产匙叶黄杨、毛红椿、毛椿叶花椒、三角叶酢浆草、关节酢浆草、楤木,给出了它们的正确合格名称;承认三叶五加的变种地位,并对学名进行了组合;发现梗花椒Zanthoxylum stipitatum C.C.Huang系晚出同名,给出了其替代名Z.huangianum Z.H.Chen et F.Chen.2)报道了5个浙江分布新记录,其中梗花椒Z.huangianum、封怀凤仙花Impatiens fenghwaiana Y.L.Chen和锐叶茴芹Pimpinella arguta Diels系浙江野生植物分布新记录;牻牛儿苗属Erodium L’Hér.ex Aiton、芹叶牻牛儿苗E.cicutarium(L.)L’Hér.ex Aiton为浙江归化植物新记录.3)描述了毛野花椒1新亚种,并附有彩色照片.

纹石蛾属一新亚属新种

此新亚属隐片纹石蛾亚属Occutanspsyche属于纹石蛾属,与侧枝纹石蛾亚属Ceratopsyche雄性外生殖结构相似,但第9节侧后突长,第10节背板有一对短肛上突,阳茎孔片隐藏于内茎鞘中或愈合成钩形骨片等可与之区别。新种产于广东南昆山,与H.hobby Mosely雄性外生殖器结构相似,但后者阳茎孔片钩状,内茎鞘腹叶完全中裂,内茎鞘突各有一背突和侧刺。