Damage and Control Suggestions for the Emerging Disease Coffee Root Rot

[Objectives]The paper was to elucidate the symptoms,morphological characteristics,etiological factors,and current extent of damage associated with coffee root rot disease.[Methods]The symptoms,morphological characteristics,and etiological factors associated with coffee root rot disease were systematically observed,described,and analyzed.The assessment of damage was carried out using a specialized investigative methodology.[Results]The application of bottom fertilizer containing Fusarium incarnatum facilitated the pathogen's entry through root wounds during transplantation,resulting in the development of water-soaked depression lesions in the affected areas.This infection significantly reduced the number of lateral roots in coffee plants,leading to symptoms such as wilting,withering,and ultimately,the death of the aboveground foliage.F.incarnatum exhibited three distinct types of spore morphology:macroconidia,which were sickle-shaped;mesoconidia,which were spindle-shaped;and microconidia,which were oval-shaped.The incidence rate of the disease in the affected region reached 100%,with a disease index exceeding 91,indicating severe damage.[Conclusions]This study serves as a valuable reference for the prevention and management of the emerging disease known as coffee root rot.

On the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology of the Reproductive Organ Disease of Breeding Geese under the Anti-season Breeding Mode

Reproductive organ disease of geese is an endemic and multiple infectious disease in large-scale breeding of breeding geese, especially in anti-season production, which brings a great economic loss to goose production. To make effective prevention and control of reproductive organ disease of breeding geese under the anti-season breeding mode, the characteristics of control principles of infectious diseases of the poultry and the occurrence and prevalence of reproductive organ disease must be combined, so as to carry out scientific prevention and control.At the same time, according to the climate characteristics of summer, the feeding and management of breeding geese and water quality control should also be done well, and many corresponding measures should also be taken, thus obtaining better effect.

Microecological Prevention and Control Technology of Facility Strawberry Continuous Cropping Diseases and Its Application Effects

In order to actively develop green ecological strawberry, the authors have studied integrated microecological prevention and control technologies of strawberry continuous cropping diseases, including increasing soil biomass and solar high temperature disinfection during strawberry greenhouse leisure period in summer, biological fertilizer (agent) treatment before colonization, root irrigation treatment with biocontrol agent, as well as appropriate amount of fulvic acid and cytex after colonization, forming a supporting technical system for the microecological prevention and control of soil-borne diseases in facilities. The demonstration application in production shows that the technology has the functions of restoring and enhancing soil biological fertility, enriching beneficial microbial flora, antagonizing harmful bacteria, significantly promoting the growth and development of strawberry, reducing the incidence of soil-borne diseases, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, promoting the early ripening and high yield of strawberry, significantly improving the quality and flavor of strawberry, reducing the risk of pesticide residues, and boosting consumer confidence, which further improves the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, with good application prospect in production.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Control of Major Sugarcane Diseases and Pests in Low Latitude Plateau

This research was aimed at the defects in traditional artificial spraying control method and the problems such as the difficulty in pesticides applying,labor shortage and low operating efficiency in the middle and late stage of sugarcane high stalk crops.The aerial pesticide application technology for sugarcane main diseases and pests was systematically developed and demonstrated from the aspects of aircraft type choice,selection of special pesticides and auxiliaries,integration of pesticides and equipment,field operation,technical specifications,and large-scale application organization mode.The UAV model and flight technical parameters suitable for the sugarcane planting area in low-latitude plateau were analyzed,and the optimal agent formulation combination and application technology of the UAV flight control were screened out,and the UAV flight control was applied to the major sugarcane pests and diseases control in the low-latitude plateau in large scale(UAV flight control was popularized and applied to 15 527 hm 2 in 2018).The research results provided mature whole-process technical support for the normalization of the application of the UVA flight control of major sugarcane pests and diseases.The UAV control technology for major sugarcane pests and diseases had the advantages of ultra-low pesticides applying dosage and high operating efficiency,and could effectively solve the problems such as the difficulty in pesticides applying,labor shortage and low operating efficiency in the middle late growth stage of high stalk crops.This technology successfully opened up a simple,efficient and new way for the effective control of major sugarcane pests and diseases,and practically accelerated the process of integrated control and prevention of sugarcane pests and diseases.In addition,this technology had an extremely significant effect on reducing the loss of sugarcane farmers and enterprises caused by the epidemic and outbreak of sugarcane pests and diseases,increasing sugarcane yield and sugar content.At the same time,this technology played an important role in realizing the whole-process precise control of sugarcane pests and diseases,improving the quality and increasing the efficiency of sugarcane,and guaranteeing the national sugar safety.

Technical Studies of Controlling Jujube Witches Broom Disease with Resistant Rootstock

[Objectives]The paper was to screen and identify the control effect of resistant rootstock on jujube witches broom disease.[Methods]The seeds or branches of disease-free plants were collected from wild jujube bushes infected by witches broom disease,and 5434 seedlings were obtained by sowing or cutting.The virus was inoculated by grafting diseased bark.After 6 years of preliminary screening,40 plants with resistance to jujube witches broom disease were obtained.Taking these resistant plants as the rootstocks,the susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted at a height of 40 cm.When the plants grew to appropriate thickness,diseased bark was grafted to‘long red jujube’and rootstock to transmit the virus.After 18 years of observation and judgment,4 rootstock strains with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease were finally determined,namely 90801,90803,90806 and 908011.The susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted to 4 rootstocks and inoculated the virus through diseased bark grafting method.[Results]The resistant rootstock had obvious disease resistance effect.When the branches of 90801 and 90803 rootstocks were grafted to the trunk of diseased trees,the symptoms of jujube witches broom disease gradually alleviated till disappeared.[Conclusions]Using germplasm with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease as rootstock can effectively prevent the spread of jujube witches broom disease,and bridging the trunk of diseased trees with branches from resistant rootstock has certain therapeutic effect.

基于Android的果树病虫害信息推送系统的设计

针对果树病虫害防控关键时期,结合个性化推送技术,提出了病虫害防控信息推送机制,探讨了信息服务推送的技术关键。本系统采用B/S架构,搭建了My Eclipse开发环境,采用JAVA开发语言进行设计,制定了果树病虫害防控方案,按果树栽培品种、管理关键时期等有针对性的推送病虫害防治信息。实现了"信息找人"的服务方式,为用户提供个性化的主动信息服务,该系统具有服务精准、信息生动等特点。

The Control Research Progress of Liberobacter asiaticum in Taizhou City

After decades of researches and discussions on occurrence regularity and control technology of citrus psyl id （Diaphorina citri Kuwayana） and Liberobacter asi-aticum, the occurrence regularity and sampling technique of citrus psyl id in orange forests in Taizhou was defined and the connections between the infection rate and carrying rate of citrus psyl id and Liberobacter asiaticum as wel as the correlations between the Liberobacter asiaticum and citrus yield loss were discussed. This paper discussed the warnings of Liberobacter asiaticum and citrus psylid control index, the economic life span of orange forests was then predicted by building the diseases spreading models with different management styles. At last, the paper put forward the comprehensive prevention and control technology and the concept that Liber-obacter asiaticum was preventable and control able.

新形势下疾病预防控制信息化需求及应用场景分析

目的/意义探讨新兴信息技术催生的疾病预防控制信息化新需求、新场景,为信息技术与疾病预防控制体系现代化建设深度融合提供参考。方法/过程分析新兴信息技术在电子病历与疾病报告智能化解析、区域症候群监测、大规模疾病排查与辅助流行病学调查、多渠道监测预警、卫生应急状态下便携式单兵通信等多方面的探索性应用,阐释尚未形成体系的原因。结果/结论提出未来现代化疾病预防控制信息化发展建议,为提升公共卫生服务能力、创新业务变革提供技术支撑。

小麦病虫害的绿色防控与减量控害技术研究——以新疆塔城地区塔城市为例

小麦是我国北方重要的粮食作物。为减少农药使用量、保障粮食安全,塔城市农业技术推广中心站积极开展小麦病虫害绿色防控与农药减量增效融合示范及推广应用工作。阐述塔城市小麦病虫害的绿色防控与减量控害技术,以期为粮食安全战略提供技术支持。

典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用概述

特种设备在各行各业被广泛使用,作为国民经济的重要基础装备,存在量大面广、重要性高、危险性大等特征,设备快速增长导致防控资源不足、质控效能不高。近几年,随着人工智能等新一代数字化技术的发展,为特种设备质量安全风险防控效能提升带来新的契机,为特种设备监管、检验、应急、维保等开辟新型业务模式奠定了技术基础。本文主要介绍“典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用”项目的背景、目标、方案、路线、内容、创新、成果和效益等相关内容。

高职院校养禽与禽病防控技术课程“思专创”三融合课堂革命探索与实践

为解决课程思政教学“生硬”与创新实践教育“薄弱”问题,实现“互联网+”时代信息化课堂教育与传统课堂教育的优势互补,提升课堂品质,建设高效课堂,以高职院校养禽与禽病防控技术课程为例,通过创新教学模式、组建校企结构化教师团队、优化整合教学内容、丰富教学资源、完善多元化评价体系等方面进行探索和实践。建立了基于国家职业教育智慧教育平台和学银在线平台的“思专创”三融合线上线下混合式教学模式,打破教学时空界限,构建学习共同体,打造乐学空间,激发学生学习的内驱力,培养创新能力和创业意识。“思专创”融合的线上线下混合式教学模式可引领课堂革命,为丰富职业教育“课堂革命”实践及培养强农兴农、乡村振兴高素质高技术技能型人才塑造了典型案例。

灵台县小麦高发病虫害绿色防控技术

灵台县是农业产出大县,小麦是主要粮食作物之一。小麦栽培时,病虫害防治是一项非常关键的工作,将绿色防控技术应用于小麦病虫害防治中,有助于减少农药残留,提高小麦产量及品质,推动当地绿色农业发展。对小麦常见病虫害绿色防控技术要点展开了深入探讨。

新形势下我国人兽共患病防控挑战与应对策略

近20年来,多种新发人兽共患病疫情先后波及全球,严重危害人类健康、经济社会发展和农业安全,开展人兽共患病防控是持续性的重要任务。本文梳理了新发人兽共患病不断涌现、原有人兽共患病疫情反弹、全球一体化加快人兽共患病传播、世界新格局影响人兽共患病防控等全球防控态势,总结了我国在新型冠状病毒感染等新发突发人兽共患病有效防控、血吸虫病等主要常在常发人兽共患病有效控制或消灭、人兽共患病防控科技创新发展和政策法规支撑等方面取得的重大成效;凝练了我国在人兽共患病防控领域面临的新病频发、老病常发、外来病传入风险加剧且耐药性问题严重,防控技术创新能力不强、产品创制不足,源头防控力量薄弱、基层防控机制不够健全,国际交流与合作渠道受限等问题。论证形成了我国人兽共患病防控科技创新体系,覆盖病原学与流行病学、病原结构与功能、病原致病与免疫机制、诊断试剂、新型疫苗、新药创制、抗病育种、疫病综合防控与净化等主要研究方向,以增强我国人兽共患病源头防控的科技实力。进一步提出了我国人兽共患病防控策略,建议实施狂犬病、布鲁氏菌病、牛结核病、棘球蚴病等重大人兽共患病在动物群体中的净化和消灭计划,逐步净化消灭一部分老病;密切监测疫病流行动态、加强防控技术储备、高效应对突发传入病例,严防新发和突发人兽共患病。

动物莱姆病诊断与防治技术研究进展

莱姆病(Lyme disease)又名伯氏疏螺旋体病,是20世纪70年代发现的以蜱为传播媒介,由不同基因型伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato)感染所致的人兽共患自然疫源性疾病,主要流行于温带和亚热带地区,犬、猫、马、牛、鹿等多种动物易感,人也是该病原菌的易感宿主。人患莱姆病时的主要症状为游走性红斑、关节炎和其他神经系统症状。患病动物常表现的症状是蜱叮咬部位被毛脱落、发热、蹄叶炎、跛行等。莱姆病流行广泛,但是诊断较为困难并极易造成误诊和漏诊。为避免莱姆病对畜牧业以及宠物行业造成不利影响,亟需提高对莱姆病的关注。因此,本文对动物莱姆病及其诊断和防治技术的研究进展进行综述,以期为动物莱姆病的准确、快速诊断和防治提供参考。

病虫害防治技术在林业育苗中的应用

人工林业的发展为提升森林资源覆盖率提供了保障,然而在人工林业发展过程中,病虫害问题逐渐成为影响苗木成长的重要因素,需要有效应用病虫害防治技术来降低其对于林业的影响。基于此,该文在了解无公害防治技术、物理防治技术和化学防治技术等基本的病虫害防治技术后,通过对林业育苗情况进行分析,提出了使用复合型病虫害防治技术、采用营林防治方法和加强种苗检疫工作等方式,旨在提高林业育苗的质量和效率,减少病虫害对苗木的危害。

林业病虫害防治技术及应用研究

病虫害防治是林业建设的重要内容。倘若任由病虫害蔓延,势必会严重破坏森林资源。因此,为了保障区域林业资源健康稳定发展,必须制定长期有效的病虫害防治战略,构建全面性、系统性、科学性的防治体系,及时引进先进防治理念和技术。基于此,对当下地区林业病虫害防治状况进行研究、整理和分析,阐述了林业病虫害的主要类型、成因以及病虫害防治的重要价值,并从物理防治、化学防治、生物防治、病虫害监测等多个方面提出一些林业病虫害防治技术应用策略,以最大程度地消除林业病虫害隐患,为相关工作人员提供理论参考。

松材线虫病综合防控技术研究进展

本文综述了松材线虫病传播特点和发生现状,对防控技术研究进展进行了归纳总结,分析了防控的关键核心问题,对相关策略进行了探索。随着我国松材线虫病防控理论与实践的发展,松材线虫病防控正逐步由粗放、低质量的管控向精细化、高质量的闭环防控方向转变,坚持疫木源头管理、严格控制媒介昆虫虫口密度、改善林分结构,坚持精细化防控举措,松材线虫病完全能够做到可防可控。

浅谈甘肃造林技术与林业病虫害防治

为确保高质量完成林业病虫害防治工作任务,提升甘肃地区造林质量和效率,该文针对甘肃造林技术与林业病虫害防治开展讨论,并对造林技术与林业病虫害防治工作进行分析,以期为预防和控制林业病虫害的发生、合理改善生态环境、促进农林经济可持续稳健发展提供参考。

吐鲁番市设施蔬菜病虫害发生特点及绿色防控技术

吐鲁番市大力发展设施农业,设施种植面积扩大和生产周期延长,随着设施种植年限增加和四季周而复始地生产,设施蔬菜病虫害种类增加,发生程度呈逐年上升态势,设施蔬菜病虫害对设施蔬菜产量和品质产生严重影响。为了缓解病虫害对吐鲁番市设施蔬菜产业的影响,通过调查和总结吐鲁番市设施蔬菜病虫害发生特点及规律,有针对性地提出农业防治、物理防治、生物防治、化学防治等绿色防控技术措施。

信阳茶园病虫害发生规律及绿色防控对策

2023年3—7月通过走访调查了解了信阳茶园病虫害发生规律和病虫害防控现状,分析了当前茶园病虫害防控存在栽培管理粗放,病虫害防控措施不力;茶农绿色防控意识不强;缺乏从事绿色防控技术的专业技术人才;小规模的茶叶生产模式转型升级难等问题。针对这些问题,从加强技术指导与培训工作;加强绿色防控宣传引导,培育示范企业,发挥领头作用;加强引进和培育茶园管理绿色防控技术专业人员;政府出台相应政策,增加资金投入,支持生态茶园建设等方面提出了相应对策。