Human Cyber Physical Systems(HCPSs)in the Context of New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

An intelligent manufacturing system is a composite intelligent system comprising humans,cyber systems,and physical systems with the aim of achieving specific manufacturing goals at an optimized level.This kind of intelligent system is called a human-cyber-physical system(HCPS).In terms of technology,HCPSs can both reveal technological principles and form the technological architecture for intelligent manufacturing.It can be concluded that the essence of intelligent manufacturing is to design,construct,and apply HCPSs in various cases and at different levels.With advances in information technology,intelligent manufacturing has passed through the stages of digital manufacturing and digital-networked manufacturing,and is evolving toward new-generation intelligent manufacturing(NGIM).NGIM is characterized by the in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence(AI)technology(i.e.,enabling technology)with advanced manufacturing technology(i.e.,root technology);it is the core driving force of the new industrial revolution.In this study,the evolutionary footprint of intelligent manufacturing is reviewed from the perspective of HCPSs,and the implications,characteristics,technical frame,and key technologies of HCPSs for NGIM are then discussed in depth.Finally,an outlook of the major challenges of HCPSs for NGIM is proposed.

Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

Intelligent manufacturing is a general concept that is under continuous development. It can be categorized into three basic paradigms： digital manufacturing, digital-networked manufacturing, and newgeneration intelligent manufacturing. New-generation intelligent manufacturing represents an indepth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence （AI） technology and advanced manufacturing technology. It runs through every link in the full life-cycle of design, production, product, and service. The concept also relates to the optimization and integration of corresponding systems; the continuous improvement of enterprises＇ product quality, performance, and service levels; and reduction in resources consumption. New-generation intelligent manufacturing acts as the core driving force of the new indus- trial revolution and will continue to he the main pathway for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in the decades to come. Human-cyher-physical systems （HCPSs） reveal the tech- nological mechanisms of new-generation intelligent manufacturing and can effectively guide related the- oretical research and engineering practice. Given the sequential development, cross interaction, and iterative upgrading characteristics of the three basic paradigms of intelligent manufacturing, a technol- ogy roadmap for ＂parallel promotion and integrated development＂ should he developed in order to drive forward the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry in China.

Connotation and Characteristics of Employment Ability of New-generation Migrant Workers in China

Based on China's special conditions and characteristics of specific group of new-generation migrant workers,this article researches connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China,that is,the connotation of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China should include four aspects:professional knowledge and skills,learning capacity,adaptability and environmental force.On this basis,through the analysis of indicators concerning connotation of employment ability,we get the overall characteristics of employment ability of new-generation migrant workers in China and reason responsible for its serious weakness.Finally we put forward corresponding countermeasures as follows:impart professional knowledge and skills;promote learning capacity;foster adaptive capacity;improve employment environment.

New-generation Migrant Workers' Urban Adaptation: A Case Study of Jianggan District in Hangzhou City

New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.

Pervasive Services in New-generation Internet:Mechanisms and Key Technologies

The original infrastructure of the Internet can no longer meet personalized and diversified demands of current increasing network subscribers. It has exposed many defects and shortcomings. For examples, the mechanism of using ports to distinguish services is inflexible and dangerous with the emergence of various services; the current Internet architecture does not make use of the close relationship between network resources and services, but simultaneously maintains two processing systems for the resources and services respectively, wasting both subscribers’ time and network resources; the Internet class of services granularity is not fine enough, failing to meet personalized and diversified user demands. In order to solve these problems, this paper discusses the mechanisms and key technologies for pervasive services in the new-generation Internet. The paper focuses on the definition, classification and identifier design of personalized and diversified user services. The service identifier design fulfills the unified identifier and processing of various network services, discovers the close relationship between services and resources, and can offer personalized and diversified services according to users’ demands.

Theories and Key Technologies for New-generation Internet System

There exist serious problems in the trustworthiness (security, reliability, controllability and manageability) of the Internet. In order to solve these problems, a new-generation network architecture model, based on the research of the basic theories of new-generation Internet system, is proposed. The solution creates a switching routing model and theory for the new-generation Internet system, and defines the access identifier, generalized switching routing identifier and their mapping principles. It also establishes a pervasive service system architecture and theory, defines the service identifier, connection identifier and their mapping principles. This paper discusses key technologies for the new-generation Internet system, such as access control and management, trusted routing and Quality of Service (QoS), multi-streaming, and network monitoring and management.

Propulsion System of New-generation Small Rocket Passed First Test

Developed by the Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology (AALPT), the propulsion system for the new-generation light-lift liquid launch vehicle passed its first ground test firing on November 27, 2012 at the Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology. The event signifies that this is the only domestic static test-firing facility for rocket propulsion systems that can meet the development requirements for new-generation launch vehicles,

“西安鲁迅”的多重面向与历史生成

文章综合运用日记、书信、手稿、回忆录、原始报刊史料及相关研究著述,对百年来有关“鲁迅在西安”的文献进行梳理和总结。从人的鲁迅、作家鲁迅、学者鲁迅、战士鲁迅等角度考察“西安鲁迅”的多重面向及其历史生成过程,揭示其背后所隐含的人际交往、时代语境、政治影响、学术变迁等复杂因素。通过对既往研究的清理与反思,指出研究者应从关注鲁迅与现实、地理空间的“西安”,延伸到历史、文化空间的“长安”,在学科的交叉融合中拓展相关研究的广度和深度。

战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变危险因素分析

目的探讨战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变的危险因素,提出针对性的预防及治疗方案。方法利用问卷调查方式结合脊柱影像学资料对相关飞行员进行评价,调查问卷内容包括一般资料、生活方式、飞行训练方式等暴露因素,脊柱影像学检查项目包括腰椎MRI和腰椎X线片。将存在腰椎退行性病变的飞行员纳入退变组,无腰椎退行性病变的飞行员纳入健康组,采用单因素分析和logistic回归模型进行腰椎退行性病变的危险因素筛选。结果纳入研究的战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变的整体患病率为45.8%(66/144)。战斗机飞行员发生腰椎退行性病变的危险因素分别为久坐(OR=2.714,95%CI 1.351~5.375,P=0.004)、缺乏腰背肌锻炼(OR=3.136,95%CI1.536~6.037,P=0.001)、飞行中静态姿势不适(OR=8.160,95%CI 3.152~21.120,P<0.001)、飞行中腰椎矢状位不正(OR=8.397,95%CI 3.367~20.942,P<0.001)、飞行中腰椎冠状位不正(OR=2.744,95%CI 1.102~6.831,P=0.030)。结论战斗机飞行员腰椎退行性病变患病率较高,飞行中持续的静态姿势不适和腰椎冠状位、矢状位失稳是腰椎退行性病变的重要诱因,减少久坐、加强腰背肌锻炼是避免腰椎退行性病变的重要方法。

集美大学脚斗士俱乐部发展的调查研究

为了探寻集美大学脚斗士项目的发展方向和对策,运用问卷调查、文献资料和数理统计等方法,从理论和实践的角度对集美大学脚斗士运动推广项目的发展进行了研究,分析出集美大学脚斗士运动推广过程中存在的问题,旨在为民族传统体育项目能够更好的传承和发展提供参考。结果表明:多数学生对脚斗士运动表示感兴趣,且认为有必要在学校开展脚斗士运动;集美大学脚斗士俱乐部成员都是在校学生,主要通过教练挑选和比赛筛选的方式产生;参与动机主要包括:参加比赛为学校争光、获得学分、对脚斗士运动感兴趣、健身,其中因为感兴趣参与的占多数。建议:加大宣传力度让更多人了解、支持脚斗士运动,提高教练员执教水平和裁判员执教水平,创造更多的比赛交流机会,加强科学选材工作和运动人才培养,重视科学训练。

当代美国拉美裔小说中的华人抗争者形象

当代美国拉美裔小说塑造了华人抗争者形象。加西亚的《猿猴之猎》通过互文性、文本与“副文本”和“潜文本”的互动,以及对“雌雄同体”概念的文学化利用,塑造了敢于反抗种族压迫和性别歧视的华人抗争者形象。迪亚斯的《奥斯卡·瓦奥短暂而奇妙的一生》以“讲述”和“呈现”相结合的方式,塑造了善良正直,勇于匡扶正义的华人抗争者形象。华人抗争者形象凸显拉美华人正直勇敢的精神品质,既折射了华人在特定历史时期拉美国家的生存经验和华人形象的多样性,又解构了美国白人文学中被动顺从华人刻板形象,对于建构正义勇敢的正面华人形象和国家形象具有重要参考意义。

TASK EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION ON ANTI-SHIP ATTACK OF FIGHTER AIRCRAFT

The characteristics of the confrontation between fighters and air-defense systems on ship are analyzed. The approach of simulating operations of both sides is presented based on the combination of random-factor effectiveness simulation models and deterministic models. Two basic indices are proposed to indicate task effectiveness （i. e. the survival probability of the fighter team and the specified effect of damage on the fleet） and relative algo- rithms. To verify the approach, the situation that a fighter team attacks a collective defense fleet is exemplified and the task effectiveness of this case is also calculated. The method for evaluating task effectiveness on anti-ship attack can be applied in aircraft design and tactical research.

电磁点源辐射线法用于复杂二维干涉仪测向研究

战斗机综合电子战系统采用二维干涉仪实现方位和俯仰同时测向,用于实现高精度无源定位或引导火控雷达等快速截获目标等。方位干涉仪天线通常安装在机翼前缘等位置,由于受重力或在飞行中颤动等影响,天线出现下倾而不在飞机机体水平面内,现有基于电磁辐射源远场近似平行投射原理进行测向建模过程方法非常复杂且困难。针对非正交二维干涉仪测向难题,提出了一种简洁高效的测向模型,将投射电磁波假设为空间中的辐射点源,由辐射点源到二维干涉仪天线距离差与相位差的关系,再利用辐射点源对应的空间方向线上超过一定距离时的任意点到干涉仪天线相位差近似相等的前提,得到辐射点源空间三维位置的三个方程,求解得到空间三维位置进一步得到电磁波方位俯仰的二维测向公式。对算法模型及其误差进行理论、仿真分析和实际工程验证,结果证明了该方法的有效性。

基于感性设计方法的战斗机座舱概念设计研究

目的基于感性设计方法对战斗机座舱开展设计研究,探究战斗机座舱的工业设计方法,以提升飞行员的操作感受和用户体验。方法对相关文献进行梳理,厘清感性设计的概念和理论来源;对装备感性设计和飞机座舱的工业设计方法进行文献回顾;针对以技术为主导的战斗机座舱设计,其外观设计受到功能的严格限制。通过构建基于创意感性的战斗机座舱感性设计方法,将“感性”思维融入战斗机座舱的工业设计程序,通过风格意象、主题分析、主题造型化等设计阶段产出设计方案,最后进行验证评估。结论根据感性设计方法对战斗机座舱开展概念设计案例实践,验证了感性设计方法的可行性,为战斗机座舱工业设计提供相应的参考建议。

面向战机大迎角机动过程的智能学习控制

针对战机大迎角动力学呈现的强非线性、气动不确定和通道耦合特性,提出了一种基于智能学习的自适应机动跟踪控制方法.通过将通道耦合视为集总扰动的一部分,把模型分解为迎角子系统、侧滑角子系统和滚转角速率子系统.采用神经网络估计不确定,设计跟踪误差反馈与集总干扰估计前馈相结合的控制器获取期望操纵力矩,并基于串接链分配方法求解气动舵偏角和推力矢量偏角.对于神经网络权重更新,构建预测误差表征集总干扰的估计性能,结合跟踪误差设计复合学习更新律.基于李雅普诺夫方法证明了闭环系统的一致最终有界稳定性.针对眼镜蛇机动和赫伯斯特机动指令进行了仿真验证和抗干扰参数拉偏测试,结果表明所提方法具有较高的机动指令跟踪精度和鲁棒性能.

美军强对抗环境远域介入空空作战构想分析

本文分析了应对美航空装备实施远域介入空空作战的现实需求,并结合美军正在研发的穿透型制空战斗机、合作式作战飞机、AIM-260空空导弹、“远射”无人机等项目,以及敏捷作战运用等最新作战概念,研究分析了美军凭借下一代战机强大综合作战能力实现杀伤链自闭合、基于隐身有人机与隐身无人机协同遂行分布式空中作战和使用现役非隐身战机在体系信息支持下施行远距空空打击等3种远域介入空空作战构想。

面向航空发动机全寿命周期的美国战斗机发动机研究计划技术应用

为深入研究美国战斗机发动机研究计划下开发和验证的先进技术与产品研制的关系,对美国战斗机发动机相关研究计划采取自定义的研究方法,重点以美国PW公司第4代战斗机发动机F100和第5代战斗机发动机F119为研究对象,针对这2型发动机的全寿命期,以及与其相关的各类型研究计划进行系统分析。面向全寿命期的研究计划保障了战斗机发动机在全寿命期始终拥有先进技术;面向全寿命期特定阶段的计划既可提高发动机可靠性和性能,又可保障发动机定型后有充足的研制费用。结合美国战斗机发动机研制的经验,提出对中国战斗机发动机发展的启示,即航空发动机研究计划不能仅在预研阶段和型号研制前期实施,而应该贯穿型号研制的整个全寿命周期,为型号研制全寿命期提供先进的技术和经费,从而保障型号的顺利研制和有效服役。

新的培养模式下歼击机飞行员医学保障措施探索

目的探索新的培养模式下歼击机飞行员医学保障措施。方法选取2023年4月一2023年7月于空军医学特色中心进行三代机改装训练的飞行员119名,随机将其分为试验组和对照组。试验组给予新的医学保障措施,对照组采用传统的医学保障措施,比较2组载人离心机一次性通过率,并分析航空医学知识、睡眠质量、军事体育成绩和城乡差异对通过率的影响。结果新的医学保障措施干预后,试验组离心机一次性通过率91.67%,对照组一次性通过率74.57%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.214,P=0.013)。航空医学知识(χ^(2)=6.207,P=0.045)、军事体育成绩(χ^(2)=33.261,P<0.001)、睡眠质量(χ^(2)=10.122,P=0.006)和焦虑状态(χ^(2)=8.428,P=0.014)对离心机一次性通过率均有影响,差异具有统计学意义,而城乡差异对一次性通过率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.486,P=0.486)。结论新的医学保障措施有助于提高新的培养模式下歼击机飞行员载人离心机一次性通过率。

歼击机飞行员医学停飞疾病谱的Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析了解歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱,分析其疾病特点、随时间的变化规律及影响因素,为歼击机飞行员的疾病防治及健康维护提供科学依据。方法在中英文数据库检索建库至2022年6月有关我国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱的文献。经逐层筛选后确定纳入文献,采用STATA 17软件分别对不同疾病的构成比进行合并率及发表偏倚计算,了解疾病谱的变化趋势,使用SPSS 26软件进行χ^(2)检验,确定变化趋势有无统计学意义。结果纳入13篇文献,停飞总人数为2519名。Meta分析结果显示,我国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱的前10位依次为:职业性航空病(18%)、神经系统疾病(14%)、运动系统疾病(12%)、心血管系统疾病(12%)、消化系统疾病(11%)、精神心理疾病(8%)、呼吸系统疾病(6%)、眼科疾病(5%)、泌尿系统疾病(3%)、代谢性疾病(3%)。与2009年及以前相比,2010年及以后,停飞的歼击机飞行员中职业性航空病(χ^(2)=88.40,P<0.001)、神经系统疾病(χ^(2)=5.98,P=0.014)、消化系统疾病(χ^(2)=23.87,P<0.001)患病率降低,运动系统疾病(χ^(2)=12.32,P<0.001)、心血管系统疾病(χ^(2)=18.46,P<0.001)、呼吸系统疾病(χ^(2)=34.77,P<0.001)的患病率升高,均有统计学意义。结论中国歼击机飞行员停飞疾病谱中,前2位是职业性航空病、神经系统疾病;运动系统疾病、心血管系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病的患病率近年来有上升趋势,需要采取预防及保健措施,促进歼击机飞行员的健康发展,减少医学停飞率。

礁海空一体化防空体系航空兵配置模型设计

为进一步拓展要地防御纵深,构建多批次拦截防御体系,形成纵深梯次拦截、礁海空一体化的综合防御布势。研究了包括预警机、航空兵、水面舰艇、要地防空导弹/火炮等多种防空武器装备在内的一体化防空火力配置优化问题。针对防空火力单元之间的配置距离、防御纵深、作战扇面角以及敌来袭方向等因素,建立了礁海空一体化防空体系航空配置模型,并通过算例仿真验证了模型的有效性,对礁海空防空体系中航空兵的配置有一定借鉴意义。