Design and performance analysis of wireless sensor network location node system for underground mine

Aiming at the application of a wireless sensor network to locating miners in underground mine,we design a wireless sensor network location node system,considering the communication performance and the intrinsic safety. The location node system consists of a mobile node,several fixed nodes,and a sink node,all of whose circuits were designed based on CC2430. A varistor and a RC circuit were used in the reset circuit of a sensor node to guarantee the intrinsic safety by reducing discharge energy,the theoretical analysis of the discharge energy shows that the reset circuit is an intrinsic safety one. The analysis and simulation about the performance of the location node system are discussed,such as network communication delay and packet loss rate,the results show that the highest network communication delay of the system is about 0.11 seconds,and the highest packet loss rate is about 0.13,which assures the location node system has a high reliability,and can locate miners in the underground mine.

The Comparative Research on the Location Technology of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is composed of lots of self-organizational intelligence nodes has become new technology of information acquisition and processing. Location technology is one of the key technologies in WSN. There are many kinds of location algorithms currently and the research to performance evaluation and applicability analysis of algorithms has fundamental significance. For this reason, the paper firstly elaborated the performance evaluation indexes of location algorithms, and analyzed the location prin-ciples, characteristics and current fundamental problems to typical and some new location algorithms, and then analyzed and compared some typical location algorithms according to the location accuracy, node den-sity and hardware requirement, obtaining the sphere of application of these algorithms and pointing out the problems which need to be solved in WSN currently.

Proposal of ZigBee Systems for the Provision of Location Information and Transmission of Sensor Data in Medical Welfare

This paper proposes a scheme to obtain location and vital health information using ZigBee system. ZigBee systems are wireless communication systems defined by IEEE 802.154. In the proposed scheme, location information is obtained using the Link Quality Indication (LQI) function of a ZigBee system, which represents the received signal strength. And, the vital health information are collected from the electrocardiogram monitor, the pulse and blood pressure device, attached to the patient’s body. This information is then transmitted to an outside network by ZigBee systems. In this way, vital health information can be transmitted as ZigBee sensor data while patients with the ZigBee terminal are moving. In the experiments using actual ZigBee devices, the proposed scheme could obtain accurate location and vital health information from the sensor data. Moreover, to achieve high reliability in the actual service, the collected amount of sensor data was confirmed by the theoretic calculation, when a ZigBee terminal passed through ZigBee routers. These results indicate that the proposed scheme can be used to detect the accurate location of the ZigBee terminal. And over 99% of the sensor data on vital health information was obtained when the ZigBee terminal passed through approximately four ZigBee routers.

Location-Based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Recently, location-based routings in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are attracting a lot of interest in the research community, especially because of its scalability. In location-based routing, the network size is scalable without increasing the signalling overhead as routing decisions are inherently localized. Here, each node is aware of its position in the network through some positioning device like GPS and uses this information in the routing mechanism. In this paper, we first discuss the basics of WSNs including the architecture of the network, energy consumption for the components of a typical sensor node, and draw a detailed picture of classification of location-based routing protocols. Then, we present a systematic and comprehensive taxonomy of location-based routing protocols, mostly for sensor networks. All the schemes are subsequently discussed in depth. Finally, we conclude the paper with some insights on potential research directions for location-based routing in WSNs.

New multi-layer data correlation algorithm for multi-passive-sensor location system

Under the scenario of dense targets in clutter, a multi-layer optimal data correlation algorithm is proposed. This algorithm eliminates a large number of false location points from the assignment process by rough correlations before we calculate the correlation cost, so it avoids the operations for the target state estimate and the calculation of the correlation cost for the false correlation sets. In the meantime, with the elimination of these points in the rough correlation, the disturbance from the false correlations in the assignment process is decreased, so the data correlation accuracy is improved correspondingly. Complexity analyses of the new multi-layer optimal algorithm and the traditional optimal assignment algorithm are given. Simulation results show that the new algorithm is feasible and effective.

Development of a Compact Acquisition System for Touch Location on a Conformable Monoport Distributed Sensor

A compact acquisition system developed for a flexible large area monoport tactile surface is presented in this paper. This sensor requires a single port connection and avoids complicated matrix acquisition system and multiplexing. The tactile surface is based on a coplanar transmission line printed on a large area flexible substrate. Touching the waveguide generates a reflected signal. A harmonic analysis of this reflected signal at the line input port allows locating the touch event. A compact and low complexity acquisition system has been developed in order to demonstrate the principle and evaluate the feasibility of its integration on the sensor. Theoretical background, design and measurements on the overall sensor are exposed. The acquisition circuit imperfections have been demonstrated experimentally and correction methods have been proposed and implemented. Results are presented, and to assess the precision of the compact acquisition system, they are compared to reference measurements made with a Vector Network Analyzer.

Three-dimensional analytical solution of acoustic emission source location for cuboid monitoring network without pre-measured wave velocity

To find analytical solutions of nonlinear systems for locating the acoustic emission/microseismic（AE/MS） source without knowing the wave velocity of structures, the sensor location coordinates were simplified as a cuboid monitoring network. Different locations of sensors on upper and lower surfaces were considered and used to establish nonlinear equations. Based on the proposed functions of time difference of arrivals, the analytical solutions were obtained using five sensors under three networks. The proposed analytical solutions were validated using authentic data of numerical tests and experiments. The results show that located results are consistent with authentic data, and the outstanding characteristics of the new solution are that the solved process is not influenced by the wave velocity knowledge and iterated algorithms.

Three-dimensional analytical solution of acoustic emission or microseismic source location under cube monitoring network

To find the analytical solution of the acoustic emission/microseismic(AE/MS) source location coordinates, the sensor location coordinates were optimized and simplified. A cube monitoring network of sensor location was selected, and the AE/MS source localization equations were established. A location method with P-wave velocity by analytical solutions (P-VAS) was obtained with these equations. The virtual location tests show that the relocation results of analytical method are fully consistent with the actual coordinates for events both inside and outside the monitoring network; whereas the location error of traditional time difference method is between 0.01 and 0.03 m for events inside the sensor array, and the location errors are larger, which is up to 1080986 m for events outside the sensor array. The broken pencil location tests were carried out in the cross section of 100 mm×98 mm, 350 mm-length granite rock specimen using five AE sensors. Five AE sources were relocated with the conventional method and the P-VAS method. For the four events outside monitoring network, the positioning accuracy by P-VAS method is higher than that by the traditional method, and the location accuracy of the larger one can be increased by 17.61 mm. The results of both virtual and broken pencil location tests show that the proposed analytical solution is effective to improve the positioning accuracy. It can locate the coordinates of AE/MS source only using simple four arithmetic operations, without determining the fitting initial value and iterative calculation, which can be solved by a conventional calculator or Microsoft Excel.

Intelligent Silent Zone for Source-Location Privacy Based on Context-Awareness in WSNs

In many wireless sensor networks(WSNs)applications,the preservation of source-location privacy plays a critical role in concealing context information,otherwise the monitored entities or subjects may be put in danger.Many traditional solutions have been proposed based on the creation of random routes,such as random walk and fake sources approach,which will lead to serious packet delay and high energy consumption.Instead of applying the routing in a blind way,this article proposes a novel solution for source location privacy in WSNs by utilizing sensor ability of perceiving the presence a mobile attacker nearby,for patient attackers in particular to increase the safety period and decrease the data delivery delay.The proposed strategy forms an intelligent silent zone(ISZ)by sacrificing only a minority of sensor nodes to entice patient attackers away from real packet routing path.The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme,besides providing source location privacy energy efficiently,can significantly reduce real event reporting latency compared with the existing approaches.

Location Data Fusion Based on Group Consensus

A new method of multi sensor location data fusion is proposed.The method is based on group consensus approach, which constructs group utility function (or its density) based on uncertainty of each sensor, and the location estimation is obtained based on the group utility function (or its density). The simulation results show that the method is better than those of mean and median estimation, and outlier and sensor failure can not affect the location estimation.

An online fast multi-track locating algorithm for high-resolution single-event effect test platform

To improve the efficiency and accuracy of single-event effect(SEE)research at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou,Hi’Beam-SEE must precisely localize the position at which each heavy ion hitting the integrated circuit(IC)causes SEE.In this study,we propose a fast multi-track location(FML)method based on deep learning to locate the position of each particle track with high speed and accuracy.FML can process a vast amount of data supplied by Hi’Beam-SEE online,revealing sensitive areas in real time.FML is a slot-based object-centric encoder-decoder structure in which each slot can learn the location information of each track in the image.To make the method more accurate for real data,we designed an algorithm to generate a simulated dataset with a distribution similar to that of the real data,which was then used to train the model.Extensive comparison experiments demonstrated that the FML method,which has the best performance on simulated datasets,has high accuracy on real datasets as well.In particular,FML can reach 238 fps and a standard error of 1.6237μm.This study discusses the design and performance of FML.

Research of EDM Spark Locations in Die-sinking

Detection of 2-dimention spark locations by electromagnetic detection method in electrical discharge machining (EDM) is studied. The method, which is applied and investigated, is based on the fact that the release of energy from a spark is transformed into electromagnetic wave around the workpiece. A new sensor system composed of high precision linear Hall components and cubic ferrite is used to detect the intensity of magnetic field. Relation equation between the output of the sensor system and 2-dimention spark locations experiment under a spiculate electrode is introduced, and its diagram of curve is drawn. As a result, the information that can be achieved by detecting spark’s location gives new possibilities for an extended analysis of the EDM-process.

A Location-Based Clustering Topology Control Algorithm in WSN

Aiming at the existing problems in Leach algorithm,which has short network survival time and high energy consumption,a new location-based clustering topology control algorithm is proposed.Based on Leach algorithm,improvements have been done.Firstly,when selecting cluster head,node degree,remaining energy,and the number of being cluster head,these three elements are taken into consideration.Secondly,by running the minimum spanning tree algorithm,the tree routing is constructed.Finally,selecting the next hop between clusters is done by MTE algorithm.Simulation results show that the presented control algorithm has not only a better adaptability in the large-scale networks,but also a bigger improvement in terms of some indicators of performance such as network lifetime and network energy consumption.

Generalized Method of Biparametric Sub Pixel Thermal Location

It is well-known that according the Dozier’s method, utilization of integral of Planks function in fusion of signals of two different channels of airborne radiometer makes it possible to compute such components of temperature field within one pixel as temperatures of the object and background. In the paper, the generalization of Dozier method is suggested. The suggested generalization of Dozier’s bispectral method named as biparametric method is applicable for static remote objects. In the suggested biparametric method, the measurements are carried out at the moments t1 and t2. It is assumed that the object temperature reaches quantity T(t1) and T(t2) at these moments. On the bases of operational data of scanning infrared radiometer, the square area of one pixel can be calculated in dependence of distance between object and radiometer. This makes it possible to carry out location of static objects from two basis points using serial single wavelengths measurements of radiation emitted by the sub pixel object.

基于改进麻雀搜索算法的无线传感器网络定位研究

针对距离矢量跳(DV-Hop)算法在无线传感器网络中存在的定位误差大的问题,提出了一种基于改进麻雀搜索的无线传感器网络定位算法。首先,针对传统DV-Hop算法,修正了节点平均跳距和节点最小跳数。其次,引入Sine混沌映射、自适应惯性权重和双样本学习策略提高算法的搜索能力;最后,利用MATLAB构建仿真模型进行性能对比实验。实验结果表明:与其他节点定位算法相比,所提算法可有效提高对未知节点的定位精度和收敛速度。

一种长基线被动传感器数据关联方法

为了提高测向交叉定位系统多目标环境下的去鬼点性能,提出了一种长基线被动传感器数据关联方法.首先利用被动传感器量测的视线矢量信息进行交叉定位并计算定位误差协方差矩阵,然后基于两个定位点构造了一个卡方分布的检验统计量,将多目标条件下的去鬼点问题转换为假设检验问题.为了分析该方法的性能,定义了真实目标的正确关联概率和鬼点目标的错误关联概率,并在使用两部和三部被动雷达的情况下分别与倾斜角方法进行了仿真对比.仿真结果表明所提出的方法在使用三部被动雷达或多目标与被动雷达共面时关联性能更好.