We present a scheme for estimating the noise-equivalent temperature difference(NETD)of frequency upconversion detectors(UCDs)that detect mid-infrared(MIR)light.In particular,we investigate the frequency upconversion o...We present a scheme for estimating the noise-equivalent temperature difference(NETD)of frequency upconversion detectors(UCDs)that detect mid-infrared(MIR)light.In particular,we investigate the frequency upconversion of a periodically poled crystal based on lithium niobate,where an MIR conversion bandwidth of 220 nm can be achieved in a single-poled period by a special design.Experimentally,for an MIR radiating target at a temperature of 95℃,the NETD of the device was estimated to be 56 mK with an exposure time of 1 s.Meanwhile,a direct measurement of the NETD was performed utilizing conventional methods,which resulted in 48 mK.We also compared the NETD of our UCD with commercially available direct MIR detectors.We show that the limiting factor for further NETD reduction of our device is not primarily from the upconversion process and camera noise but from the limitations of the heat source and laser performance.Our detectors have good temperature measurement performance and can be used for a variety of applications involving temperature object identification and material structure detection.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11934013 and 92065101)the Anhui Initiative In Quantum Information Technologies(Grant No.AHY020200)+1 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3607700).
文摘We present a scheme for estimating the noise-equivalent temperature difference(NETD)of frequency upconversion detectors(UCDs)that detect mid-infrared(MIR)light.In particular,we investigate the frequency upconversion of a periodically poled crystal based on lithium niobate,where an MIR conversion bandwidth of 220 nm can be achieved in a single-poled period by a special design.Experimentally,for an MIR radiating target at a temperature of 95℃,the NETD of the device was estimated to be 56 mK with an exposure time of 1 s.Meanwhile,a direct measurement of the NETD was performed utilizing conventional methods,which resulted in 48 mK.We also compared the NETD of our UCD with commercially available direct MIR detectors.We show that the limiting factor for further NETD reduction of our device is not primarily from the upconversion process and camera noise but from the limitations of the heat source and laser performance.Our detectors have good temperature measurement performance and can be used for a variety of applications involving temperature object identification and material structure detection.
文摘利用分布式多红外传感器协同探测同一目标后,通过对多传感器目标图像进行像素级融合来提升信噪比(Signal-to-Noise Ratio,SNR),进而提高系统的探测能力。从单红外传感器探测距离出发,阐述了分布式多红外系统协同探测的作用距离评估模型。推导了包含积分时间的噪声等效温差(Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference,NETD)公式,并用NETD表达了小哈德逊探测距离方程。采用多传感器图像融合的方式提升图像信噪比,等效于延长积分时间,抑制噪声、提高NETD;结合协同探测的虚警概率及探测概率关系公式,为多红外传感器探测距离方程中的信噪比设置提供参考依据。分布式多红外系统探测距离评估模型综合考虑NETD和SNR两个维度因素。理论计算表明,多传感器协同探测可以有效提升系统的探测距离,为分布式红外系统的综合论证提供了重要的理论支撑。
