Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of Depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup correlations between variables. Descriptive analysis was possible with the XLSTAT 2016 software. Results: 43.60% of Health Facilities (HF) managers were unqualified. 82.20% of HF managers have staff in a situation of professional insecurity. They are mainly contractual (49.00), decision-making agents (24.40%), casual agents (08.80). The proportion of unstable personnel is average of 22.00% and very unstable, 12.00%.

基于NOMAD模型的交通枢纽行人仿真研究

在分析交通枢纽内行人交通特性的基础上,探讨了基于社会力原理的NOMAD模型的分层结构、输入条件以及模型构建思路,指出其非常适于进行交通枢纽内行人行为微观仿真以及行人设施评价.根据交通调查数据对NOMAD行人仿真模型的参数进行了标定,利用标定后的NOMAD模型对复兴门换乘枢纽建立仿真模型,分析了该枢纽的性能特点,获得了与换乘系统相关的量化参数,通过仿真数据与观测数据的对比分析可知,利用NOMAD模型能很好地模拟所研究的换乘枢纽内行人换乘行为特性,模型模拟结果与实际观测数据之间的相对误差均在10%以内,验证了NOMAD模型应用于交通枢纽行人仿真的有效性.

“游牧”与“Nomades”关系辨识

中文一般以"游牧"和"游牧民"对译英文中的nomadism和nomad。然而,池上二良、杉山正明和郭静云等学者认为,nomadism或nomad仅有"游"的意思,而无"畜牧"之意,从而主张选词翻译。在中国古文献中,游牧一词,词义清晰,既指移动性,又有畜牧之义,最初并不带有任何民族性的含义,只是因为异民族的生产生活方式恰好符合这个词的词义,才被贴上了民族的标签。以斯基泰人为例梳理相关古希腊文献,可以发现古希腊文nomades在具体语境中词义偏重有所不同,然其词义总体上仍是"游""牧"兼有,并非特指一端。综合考虑,目前以游牧来对译nomadism,以游牧民来对应翻译nomad是比较合适的。

关于ABBS建筑论坛Nomad大叔言行的几点联想

Nomad自2000年9月10日起参与ABBS建筑论坛的讨论,在最活跃的几年间在ABBS发了1300多个帖子,但是在很长的一段时间内很多读者并不了解他的个人背景及学术路数。著名的din版主在2001年6月17日的帖子里写道:1.江湖上一直有人传闻Nomad来自西域异帮,原因在于Nomad斑竹对欧美各国的武功套路了解,实在令我等大开眼界。

Climate change adaptation approaches with nomadic culture characteristics in Inner Mongolia grassland in China

Climate change adaptation is an important part of addressing climate warming. Inner Mongolia grassland is a sensitive and vulnerable area of climate and an important region for adaptation to climate change. New climate change adaptation approaches with nomadic culture characteristics should be exploded in the context of climate warming. In this paper, the different utilization pattern of grassland in different regions, the different modes of production and management and historical culture were analyzed first in Nenjiang-West Liaohe plain and Ke'erqin region, Inner Mongolia Plateau and Ordos Plateau. Then, nomadic culture on the grassland was discussed from the productivity to biodiversity, from local livestock variety to resource-used system. Finally, new approaches of climate change adaptation with inheriting the essence of nomadic culture were proposed, including protecting biodiversity and using resources reasonably, performing a practice of grazing suspension-rotational grazing system,fencing degenerated grassland to facilitate its growth, founding new farming and husbandry system on the grassland, and establishing an incentive mechanism favorable to grassland and ethical cultural protection.

The Troyan Terrorism as an Established Order （Disciplina）, or the Nomadic Colonatus（Mission of Mith in the space of Sir Thomas More’s “Utopia”）

The Troyan horse served here as a sufficiently vivid picture to enter into the history conflicts of an archetypal symbol of treachery and robbery, a metaphor for domination, a monad of violence and its justification. The body of terrorism rests not on ideology/beliefs/religions-it is purely a practical idea, behind which there is only one thing： terra nova-the habitat. It is necessary to look for other reasons for the massacres and public executions of modern times, because no religion calls for open murder-only dogmatists armed with faith, craved crusaders hikes, and therefore cannot be recognized and accepted as responsible for the murder. This is the search for the guilty, but only the person is guilty-the fault is his area of responsibility. The Utopians of Thomas More, who revered Mithra, acted like him： like Greek gods, they interfered in human wars, descending from heaven, and restored justice by waging war beyond their state borders, as if protecting the inviolability of their territory and their laws, whose rejection, like, and encroachment on them, led to armed conflicts, the purpose of allowing them was the introduction of forced disciplina （established order）, sanctioned by Mithra himself. It is this identity that allows us to consider Utopia as an extended invective for the entire social order, regardless of time and place, and in particular the state as a paramilitary mechanism for the improvement of the human hostel, based on regulations that allow and, more often, provoke its violation, since destabilization is the driving force of existence. This polar involvement of Mithra in the war lies hidden in the very aporia of the world-war, which turns the god of treaties into the chthonic deity of destruction and murder.

Prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Qashqai migrating nomads, southern Iran

AIM： To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） symptoms in Qashqai migrating nomads with a different life style in Fars province, southern Iran. METHODS： In summer 2006, 748 Qashqai migrating nomads aged 25 years or more were enrolled using a multiple-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. A questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, lifestyle and GERD symptoms （heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, dysphagia, hoarseness and cough） as completed for each subject. RESULTS： The questionnaire was completed in 717 subjects. The prevalence rate of GERD, defined as reflux occurring at least one time per week in the preceding year, was 33% （237 subjects）. The prevalence was higher in older individuals （36.0% vs 28.9%, P 〈 0.05） and in those with other gastrointestinal complaints （51.0% vs 27.8%, P 〈 0.001）, but not different in obese and non-obese subjects. It was also higher in those consuming fruits and vegetables more than once a week （36.2% vs 17.3%, P 〈 0.001）. GERD had a positive correlation with smoking （42.1% vs 27.8%, P 〈 0.001）, but a negative relation with non-alcoholic beverages. The association between GERD and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs （NSAIDs） consumption was also significant （40.2% vs 25.4%, P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of GERD （33%） is very high in Qashqai migrating nomads which may be due to a lower socioeconomic and educational level of these people and difference in the life style. Older age, frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables, smoking and NSAIDs are risk factors for GERD in this population.

The Integration of Farmers and Nomads: Archaeological Evidence for the Human Subsistence Strategy in Northwestern China during the Han Dynasty

The integration of farmers and nomads in northwestern China during the Han Dynasty(206 BCE ~ 220 CE) provides a crucial opportunity to reconstruct the material exchanges, formation and development of the Silk Road in antiquity. The subsistence strategy is arguably an effective proxy for the integration of various groups of people(e.g. farmers and nomads). In this paper, we have reported new stable isotope data from the Huangwan tombs dated to the Han dynasty in middle Gansu, which was the key juncture between the Han and Xiongnu empire, in order to fill the gap and further understand the substance strategies employed by the local people. According to the results of plant remains and stable isotopic data, millet farming, the typical agricultural activities for the Han Chinese in the Central Plains, was also the primary lifestyle for the Huangwan people in the mid Gansu. More importantly, this shows fundamentally remarkable difference from the agricultural practices in the Bronze Age Gansu Corridor, which were based on a variety of crops, including wheat, barley and millet. This major shift in the subsistence production at Huangwan can be correlated to a wider historical background in which the Han empire showed increasing political and military presence in the Gansu Corridor, indicating that local indigenous nomads followed the lifestyle of Han Chinese(e.g., millet farming), and/or the Han immigrates maintained millet farming.

VoLTE语音质量评价方法及测试方案

截至2014年1月,全球已有超过40家运营商开始部署VoLTE服务。中国移动也宣布将在2014年底之前全网部署VoLTE服务。VoLTE和高清语音服务预期可以给客户提供更佳的语音用户体验,帮助运营商应对OTT语音冲击和ARPU值下降的不利趋势。对运营商而言,部署VoLTE将带来两方面的价值,一是提升无线频谱利用率、降低网络成本;二是提升用户体验。思博伦通信许可所撰《VoLTE语音质量评价方法及测试方案》一文分别对常用语音质量评价方法和Nomad-HD语音测试解决方案进行了深入分析和研究,可供相关技术人员参考。

Metropolises and World Music in Globalization： Towns, Melting Pot Works, and Jazz Classics in Memories

Metropolises in the globalization call nowadays Towns＇ of jazzmen, jazzwomen and jazz lovers, in a way from which we citizens. Christian Sallenave, sociologist with musical academic and Cities＇ into question. Jazz answers with stories and memories can learn a lesson for the future of towns, metropolises and their background, shows through examples of stories of jazz in New Orleans, New York, Paris, Bordeaux and Rome, how this nomad, notable and crossbreeding music contributes to the history of jazz, and world music, and listeners＇ memories, in ＂their own way＂ as towns, cities and their memories can contribute to the prosperity of the metropolises in globalization, through original melting pot works.

蒙古国Nomads餐饮集团企业品牌生态分析

构建蒙古国本土最大餐饮连锁企业Nomads集团的品牌生态系统框架,研究蒙古国政府、社会等宏观要素,主要表现为营商环境分析以及蒙古国品牌知识产权政策概况。分析蒙古国餐饮业行业发展现状、Nomads集团公司概况及竞争者状况。进一步解析企业内部包括品牌发展延伸等内在成长机制等的内部品牌生态系统。蒙古国Nomads餐饮集团企业品牌生态发展有利于形成系统持久的竞争优势。

NOMAD65可控震源驱动系统介绍

NOMAD65可控震源是近几年Sercel公司力推的一种大吨位可控震源,其驱动系统采用一个驱动泵同时驱动两个驱动马达,在一套智能电子排量分配系统的控制下,完成其它可控震源采用两个泵+马达组才能实现的功能。本文系统分析了NOMAD65可控震源驱动系统的组成及工作原理。

Health and sanitary status in 1970 of Tubu nomads dwelling in Northeastern Niger

Background: The Tubu are nomadic people who live in remote parts of the central Sahara, primarily in the Tibesti massif(Chad), and in both Northeastern Niger and Southern Libya. All of these areas are close to become conflict zones. However, no data about the Tubu's health and sanitary status are currently available, which would be of major concern if humanitarian interventions would become required.Methods: In 1970, the "Mission Anthropologique Belge au Niger"(MABN) investigated a Tubu tribe named Broaya that lived at Seguedine and Djado on the northeastern rim of the Tenere desert. One hundred fifty-one adult volunteers answered an oral questionnaire and underwent a medical examination, followed by the collection of blood thin films and samples of urine and stool. The environmental fauna of medical importance was also studied.Results: Albeit 43 year-old, these results have not been previously published. The estimated age of death for fathers was approximately 56 years, and that for mothers was 60 years. On average, each married woman had had 4.7 children. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 232 ‰, the overall infant mortality rate was 153 ‰, and the overall child mortality rate was 99 ‰. The mean height was 164.1 cm and 157.4 cm, the mean weight was 50.1 kg and 47.9kg, and the mean blood pressure was 131/78 mm Hg and 127/75 mm Hg for males and females, respectively. The physical examination found 6 cases of blindness(4.0%). Five subjects presented with an elevated blood pressure(3.3%), and 5(3.3%) displayed an abnormal thoracic auscultation evocative of tuberculosis or of an acute lung infection. The abdominal examination and renal palpation found 5 large masses(3.3%), and 2 subjects had a palpable enlarged spleen(1.3%). The blood thin films were fixed in methanol and subsequently examined in Toulouse. The search for blood parasites was negative. The urine samples were centrifuged and then microscopically examined in the field. No blood-fluke eggs were found. The stool samples were mixed with a preservative MIF solution and then stored to be examined later in Toulouse. Three subjects(2%) passed E. histolytica/E. dispar cysts in stools, 16(10.6%) were parasitized with Giardia sp. and 4(2.65%) were parasitized with Hymelepis nana. Two specimens of scorpions captured in the camp were subsequently identified as belonging to the harmful genus Androctonus or Leiurus. An investigation into the freshwater fauna was conducted in the marshy ponds surrounding the ghost city of Djado, and no intermediate snail hosts for schistosomiasis haematobium were found. Numerous nymphs of Ceratopogonidae, which are possible vectors for arboviruses of veterinarian importance, were collected, as were larvae and nymphs from two anopheline species, Anopheles hispaniola and An. multicolor, which are not efficient vectors for malaria.Conclusions: Infection-related blindness and trachoma, along with acute pulmonary infections and probably tuberculosis were the major health burden in this tribe. The harsh dry and hot climate may explain the low prevalence of soil-transmitted protozoan diseases or helminthiases.

我酷我用MP3播放器

进入新世纪,数码产品迎来了久候的春天。伴随人们逐渐了解数字潜能具有的得天独厚的优势,MP3随身听终于开始贴近百姓,被大众接受和了解。作为数码产品类中的一支生力军,MP3具有相当广泛和深厚的影响力。

Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis among Nomadic Herdsmen, Abattoir and Livestock Workers in Niger-Delta Region, Nigeria

Brucellosis is a reemerging zoonotic disease that causes more than half a million infections to humans every year. The disease is common in most developing countries, the human mortality rate is about 2%, and the disease causes severe rheumatism, infertility in males, spontaneous abortion and also results in wastage of resources through prolonged treatment. Brucella organisms are also potential biological weapon which could be cheaper to produce but more devastating than chemical weapons. About 5 mililitres of blood was drawn from 228 subjects using sterile vacutainers and analyzed by using standard tube agglutination tests: (SAT3 160) and ELISA (IgG, IgM) kits specific for Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis antibodies. Semi structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. In the study, overall sero prevalence was 70 (30.8%). More male participated in the study with a frequency of 24.6% of whom 7.92% falls within the age group of 20 to 30, followed by 31 - 35 years with 5.72% and 3.52% within 36 - 45 years. Least affected were those in the age groups above 46 years (2.20%). Approximately, 21.54% of the subjects had formal education either at Quranic, primary and secondary or tertiary level. Majority acquired Quranic education (9.68%), 7.48% primary and 0.88% had tertiary training. A total of 21 (9.24%) never acquired any form of education. Headache, muscle aches, malaise, chills and fatigue were the most common clinical signs and symptoms experienced by about 30% among the participants. In the distribution of Brucella antibodies, ELISA diagnostic kits showed high sensitivity with the prevalence rate of 18.04% (n = 41) followed by SAT 12.76% (n = 29). The sensitivity and specificity of RDPT kits were 37 % and 69%, with a positive and negative predictive value of 18% and 86% respectively. Unprocessed milk from the market and consumption of unboiled milk were associated with brucellosis. Therefore, patients with brucellosis should be treated to prevent the devastating effect of the disease and the accompanying sequelae, public health education programs should explain modes of transmission and Brucella febrile diagnostic kit should be used at the health facilities.

Wang Yutao:Nowhere Nomads

On March 31st, the AW19fashion show'Wandering-Nowhere Nomads',presented by Wang Yutao s(original brand Beautyberry), had a successful launch.This season’s design theme,'Wandering-Nowhere Nomads,' is features a style from the 1960s;the industrial jacket. Loose structure allows the body to be fully integrated in the shape.

Nomadic Features of Traditional Mongolian Furniture

Traditional Mongolian furniture is one of the necessities of Mongolian traditional furniture.In the vast Mongolian Plateau, natural grasslands and primary forests determine the nomadic life of Mongolians, Mongolian yurt is their main residence. The above conditions contribute to the types and nomadic features of traditional Mongolian furniture. Most traditional Mongolian furniture has a box-like structure, and the nomadic features are reflected in the following aspects: made of local materials; small size for the application in Mongolian yurt; demountable and foldable for the convenience of transportation,because Mongolians have to move to different grasslands for grazing; the furniture parts is bulky for frequent transportation; and colored drawing and carved furniture enrich the life color.