Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin（GP） in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： we performed a syst...Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin（GP） in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： we performed a systematicsearch in the electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database andWanfang Database up to 30 January 2017. Randomized controlled trials （RCT） of Shenqi Fuzheng Injectioncombined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC were searched, and all the RCTs wereconducted on methodological quality assessment. Data extraction and data analysis were according to standards ofCochrane systematic review. Results： Eight trials were included including a total of 701 patients. Meta-analysisresults： Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy could significantly improve the functionalstatus of patients with NSCLC （OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.26, 5.25], P 〈 0.0001） and clinical treatment efficacy （OR =（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.20, 0.47], P 〈 0.0001. The rate of leukopenia （OR = .31, 95%CI [0.20,0.47], P 〈 0.0001）,thrombocytopenia （OR = 0.58, 95%CI [0.37, 0.91], P = 0.020）, hemoglobin decline （（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.16,0.59], P = 0.0004） and incidence of gastrointestinal reactions （OR = 0.58,P 〈 0.05） could be reduced. Conclusion：Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC obtainedsignificantly clinical efficacy. The quality of the literature incorporated is low, the conclusion requires high-qualityresearch to further prove.展开更多
Progres in ion beam analysis at Fudan University in the recent years is briefly reviewed. Presented as examples of the research activities performed in this field are the following projects: (1) Nuclear potential reso...Progres in ion beam analysis at Fudan University in the recent years is briefly reviewed. Presented as examples of the research activities performed in this field are the following projects: (1) Nuclear potential resonance scattering of 6.25 MeV and 4.25 MeV helium ions for simultaneous compositional analysis of carbon and oxygen in a Mylar, a SnInO, and some other film samples: (2) Determination of stoichiometry of a high-temperature superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O sample by backscattering of 8.8 MeV helium ions; (3) Backscattering and channeling analysis of multilayered structures periodically consisting of layers of pure Si and alternate layers of Ge and Si, grown on (100) Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy: (4) Studies of surface structure of Al(100) by the use of MeV ions backscattering and channeling surface peak: and (5) MeV ion microbeam analysis and the use of PIXE method in DNA study. etc.展开更多
针对农业农村氮过量使用产生的环境污染问题,采用物质流分析和空间分析方法,评估长江经济带农业种植-消费系统氮流时空格局演化规律及驱动机制。结果表明,1998年无机氮肥的输入量为1.0885×1010 kg N,此后以1.14%的速度增长,2012年...针对农业农村氮过量使用产生的环境污染问题,采用物质流分析和空间分析方法,评估长江经济带农业种植-消费系统氮流时空格局演化规律及驱动机制。结果表明,1998年无机氮肥的输入量为1.0885×1010 kg N,此后以1.14%的速度增长,2012年无机氮肥施用量开始减少,虽然2018年低于1998年水平,但无机肥施用仍是长江经济带农业种植子系统氮输入的主要来源,为其他路径氮输入总量的1.6倍。通过作物收获形式输出系统的有效氮量,并未受氮素输入波动的影响,2018年作物收获量分别比1998年和2008年高18.97%和25.71%。近几年长江经济带生猪养殖量有下降的趋势,但是受粪便及垃圾还田率下降的影响,居民及养殖区向环境排放的氮量并没有明显减少。受长江经济带城镇化进程加快以及农村人居环境整治的影响,通过污水直排的氮排放量呈现减少的趋势。无机氮肥施用、粪便和垃圾的产生、大气沉降、秸秆还田、污水直排和灌溉等氮流路径对氮径流流失的年均贡献比分别为0.53、0.28、0.11、0.04、0.02和0.01,随着时间的变化,各路径对氮流失量影响的趋势呈现差异,粪便和垃圾的产生对系统内氮流失的贡献比由1998年的0.33下降到2018年的0.26。从空间上看,四川省贯穿东北到西南的中部地区、浙江省中南部的大部分地区、重庆市东北和东南地区、云南省大部分地区都属于氮流失的高风险区,其分别占本省份面积的22.83%、22.10%、21.80%和25.14%,以上省份累积在土壤中的剩余氮素约有20%通过氮径流损失,极易造成水体的富营养化。展开更多
As a result of advances in horizontal comple- tions and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the U.S. has been able to economically develop several decades of worth of natural gas. However, a considerable concern has ris...As a result of advances in horizontal comple- tions and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the U.S. has been able to economically develop several decades of worth of natural gas. However, a considerable concern has risen on the economic viability of shale gas development for reasons associated with the fast production declines as well as recent down-turns of natural gas prices besides rises in the costs of new technologies. Therefore, an economic analysis is required to investigate the profitability of the re- fracturing treatment of unconventional gas resources. Net present value of cash flows and internal rate of return are calculated for a range of gas prices considering 20 years of natural gas production from a typical unconventional shale gas reservoir. A systematic comparison is then accom- plished for three scenarios： （1） re-fracturing versus no re- fracturing, （2） combination of re-fracturing and drilling new wells, and （3） time-dependent re-fracturing treatment. Further, this paper incorporates the cost of re-fracturing treatment, the cost of drilling a new horizontal well, the water treatment cost, as well as the current and future price of natural gas in the model. The findings of this work would help the future re-stimulation development plans of the emerging unconventional shale gas plays.展开更多
文摘Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin（GP） in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： we performed a systematicsearch in the electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database andWanfang Database up to 30 January 2017. Randomized controlled trials （RCT） of Shenqi Fuzheng Injectioncombined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC were searched, and all the RCTs wereconducted on methodological quality assessment. Data extraction and data analysis were according to standards ofCochrane systematic review. Results： Eight trials were included including a total of 701 patients. Meta-analysisresults： Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy could significantly improve the functionalstatus of patients with NSCLC （OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.26, 5.25], P 〈 0.0001） and clinical treatment efficacy （OR =（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.20, 0.47], P 〈 0.0001. The rate of leukopenia （OR = .31, 95%CI [0.20,0.47], P 〈 0.0001）,thrombocytopenia （OR = 0.58, 95%CI [0.37, 0.91], P = 0.020）, hemoglobin decline （（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.16,0.59], P = 0.0004） and incidence of gastrointestinal reactions （OR = 0.58,P 〈 0.05） could be reduced. Conclusion：Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC obtainedsignificantly clinical efficacy. The quality of the literature incorporated is low, the conclusion requires high-qualityresearch to further prove.
文摘Progres in ion beam analysis at Fudan University in the recent years is briefly reviewed. Presented as examples of the research activities performed in this field are the following projects: (1) Nuclear potential resonance scattering of 6.25 MeV and 4.25 MeV helium ions for simultaneous compositional analysis of carbon and oxygen in a Mylar, a SnInO, and some other film samples: (2) Determination of stoichiometry of a high-temperature superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O sample by backscattering of 8.8 MeV helium ions; (3) Backscattering and channeling analysis of multilayered structures periodically consisting of layers of pure Si and alternate layers of Ge and Si, grown on (100) Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy: (4) Studies of surface structure of Al(100) by the use of MeV ions backscattering and channeling surface peak: and (5) MeV ion microbeam analysis and the use of PIXE method in DNA study. etc.
文摘针对农业农村氮过量使用产生的环境污染问题,采用物质流分析和空间分析方法,评估长江经济带农业种植-消费系统氮流时空格局演化规律及驱动机制。结果表明,1998年无机氮肥的输入量为1.0885×1010 kg N,此后以1.14%的速度增长,2012年无机氮肥施用量开始减少,虽然2018年低于1998年水平,但无机肥施用仍是长江经济带农业种植子系统氮输入的主要来源,为其他路径氮输入总量的1.6倍。通过作物收获形式输出系统的有效氮量,并未受氮素输入波动的影响,2018年作物收获量分别比1998年和2008年高18.97%和25.71%。近几年长江经济带生猪养殖量有下降的趋势,但是受粪便及垃圾还田率下降的影响,居民及养殖区向环境排放的氮量并没有明显减少。受长江经济带城镇化进程加快以及农村人居环境整治的影响,通过污水直排的氮排放量呈现减少的趋势。无机氮肥施用、粪便和垃圾的产生、大气沉降、秸秆还田、污水直排和灌溉等氮流路径对氮径流流失的年均贡献比分别为0.53、0.28、0.11、0.04、0.02和0.01,随着时间的变化,各路径对氮流失量影响的趋势呈现差异,粪便和垃圾的产生对系统内氮流失的贡献比由1998年的0.33下降到2018年的0.26。从空间上看,四川省贯穿东北到西南的中部地区、浙江省中南部的大部分地区、重庆市东北和东南地区、云南省大部分地区都属于氮流失的高风险区,其分别占本省份面积的22.83%、22.10%、21.80%和25.14%,以上省份累积在土壤中的剩余氮素约有20%通过氮径流损失,极易造成水体的富营养化。
文摘As a result of advances in horizontal comple- tions and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, the U.S. has been able to economically develop several decades of worth of natural gas. However, a considerable concern has risen on the economic viability of shale gas development for reasons associated with the fast production declines as well as recent down-turns of natural gas prices besides rises in the costs of new technologies. Therefore, an economic analysis is required to investigate the profitability of the re- fracturing treatment of unconventional gas resources. Net present value of cash flows and internal rate of return are calculated for a range of gas prices considering 20 years of natural gas production from a typical unconventional shale gas reservoir. A systematic comparison is then accom- plished for three scenarios： （1） re-fracturing versus no re- fracturing, （2） combination of re-fracturing and drilling new wells, and （3） time-dependent re-fracturing treatment. Further, this paper incorporates the cost of re-fracturing treatment, the cost of drilling a new horizontal well, the water treatment cost, as well as the current and future price of natural gas in the model. The findings of this work would help the future re-stimulation development plans of the emerging unconventional shale gas plays.
