Chinese Anti-Cancer Association as a non-governmental organization undertakes systematic cancer prevention work in China

Cancer has become the first leading cause of death in the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Facing the increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality, China issued and implemented ＂three-early（early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment）＂ national cancer prevention plan. As the main body and dependence of social governance, non-governmental organizations（NGOs） take over the role of government in the field of cancer prevention and treatment. American Cancer Society（ACS） made a research on cancer NGOs and civil society in cancer control and found that cancer NGOs in developing countries mobilize civil society to work together and advocate governments in their countries to develop policies to address the growing cancer burden. Union for International Cancer Control（UICC）, Cancer Council Australia（CCA）, and Malaysian cancer NGOs are the representatives of cancer NGOs in promoting cancer control. Selecting Chinese Anti-Cancer Association（CACA） as an example in China, this article is to investigate how NGOs undertake systematic cancer prevention work in China. By conducting real case study, we found that, as a NGO, CACA plays a significant role in intensifying the leading role of government in cancer control, optimizing cancer outcomes, decreasing cancer incidence and mortality rates and improving public health.

Non-governmental organizations'influence on tackling black carbon in the shipping industry

This paper reviews the achievements of some typical non-governmental organizations （NGOs） in reducing black carbon emissions from shipping which enjoy the consultative status offered by the International Maritime Organization. It discusses the roles of the specific NGOs in dealing with black carbon in the Arctic region from the perspective of global governance to gain insights to guide our involvements in the Arctic affairs and shipping in the region by taking the advantages of NGOs＇ influence on the proceedings of international negotiations, our national policy development, the improvement of industrial practices and public perceptions.

Crystal Structure Study on Non-Coplanarly Organized Accumulating Aromatic Rings Molecules: Spatial Organization of <i>C</i>,<i>C</i>,<i>N</i>-Triaryl Substituted Imines

The X-ray crystal structures of C,C,N-triaryl-substituted imine compounds, which have methoxy or hydroxy group adjacent to the imino moiety, are reported and discussed in comparison with those of the precursor ketone compounds, 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene and 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-hydroxy-7-methoxynaphthalene. In crystals, three aromatic rings in a molecule of the methyl ether-retained imine compound are positioned almost perpendicularly to each other by giving non-coplanar spatial organization of the single molecular structure [dihedral angles: 85.32(18)° for C-linked phenyl ring and naphthalene ring;79.27(17)° for N-linked phenyl ring and naphthalene ring;84.78(17)° for C-linked phenyl ring and N-linked phenyl ring]. Spatial organization of the analogous methyl ether-cleaved imine compound has essentially same topology [dihedral angles 80.39(6)° for the C-linked phenyl ring and naphthalene ring;82.35(6)° for the N-linked phenyl ring and naphthalene ring;87.09(7)° for C- and N-linked phenyl rings]. These structural features of triarylimines apparently differ from those of the precursor ketones. Two aromatic rings in the methyl ether-cleaved ketone compound make smaller dihedral angle [58.10(6)°] by intramolecular hydrogen bond between ketonic carbonyl group and hydroxy group [2.5573(16) A] than that of the methyl ether-retained ketone [72.06(7)°]. In molecular packing, the methyl ether-retained imine forms tubular molecular alignments composed of R—S dimeric molecular pairs, whereas the methyl ether-retained ketone affords consecutively stacks of one configurated molecules.

Study of Problems in the Development of Non-profit Organizations in Urban Communities

With the continuous advancement of construction of urban communities and the continuous development of the needs of community residents in China,non-profit organizations in various urban communities have developed rapidly and have increasingly played an important role in social and economic life. At present,the development of non-profit organizations in urban communities is still faced with many problems,such as difficulty in raising funds,lack of incentives that results in low enthusiasm for volunteering and low participation of community residents,etc. It is urgent and practical significance to study,analyze and solve the problems faced by non-profit organizations in urban communities. That article focuses on the analysis and discussion of the problems facing the development of non-profit organizations in urban communities,and proposes countermeasures to solve the problems.

尿外泌体miR-29c对器官和非器官局限性膀胱尿路上皮癌临床结局的预测价值

目的 探讨尿外泌体微小RNA(miR)-29c对器官和非器官局限性膀胱尿路上皮癌(BUC)临床结局的预测价值。方法 2017年1月~2022年3月,从我院泌尿外科选取152例BUC病人作为验证集。另外,从我院体检中心选择了126例非癌对照。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测尿外泌体miR-29c表达水平。结果 验证集BUC病人尿外泌体miR-29c水平低于非癌对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而尿外泌体miR-17-5p水平和miR-590-5p水平比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。尿外泌体miR-29c水平诊断BUC的ROC曲线下面积为0.969(95%CI:0.953~0.986),相应的敏感性和特异性分别为92.1%和90.2%。亚型分析中,非器官局限性BUC病人尿外泌体miR-29c水平较器官局限性BUC病人进一步降低(P=0.009)。预后分析中,尿外泌体miR-29c高表达组病人总生存期、无病生存期和疾病特异性生存期均更长(P<0.05)。结论 尿外泌体miR-29c低水平是BUC病人不利的预后因子,有希望作为器官和非器官局限性BUC不良临床结局的预测标志物。

Safety Evaluation of Myricetin and Crude Extract from Myrica rubra Leaves on Non-target Organisms

[ Objective] The study aimed to supply important basis for developing environment-friendly pesticides with myricetin and crude extract of Myrica rubra leaves as effective components. [ Method] According to ＂Test guidelines for environmental safety evaluation on chemical pesticides＂, the toxicity of myricetin and crude extract of M. rubra leaves on non-target organisms was determined and the safety evaluation was carried out. [Result] MyriceUn and crude extract of M. rubra leaves had low toxicity on non-target organisms, such as earthworm, silkworm and soil microbes. Myricetin showed low toxicity and the crude extract of M. rubra leaves showed middle toxicity on tadpole. The high-concentration crude extract of M. rubra leaves had some antifeedant effect on silkworm. [ Conclusion] Myricetin and crude extract of M. rubra leaves had low toxicity on non-tar- get organisms in environment and they were relatively safe.

The Relative Contribution of Non-Foliar Organs of Cotton to Yield and Related Physiological Characteristics Under Water Defi cit

Water deficit is one of the most important causes of decreased yield in cultivated plants. Non-foliar green organs in cotton play an important role in yield formation at the late growth stage. Although better photosynthetic performance was observed in a non-foliar organ （bract） compared with leaves under water deficit. However, the physiological response of each organ in cotton to water deficit has not been comprehensively studied in relation to the water status and photosynthesis characteristics. We studied the maintenance of water status of each organ in cotton by measuring their relative water content, proline content and stomatal characteristics. Water deficit significantly decreased the surface area of each organ, but to a lesser extent in non-foliar organs. Our results showed that the relative contribution of biomass accumulation of non-foliar organs increased under water deficit. Non-foliar organs （bracts and capsule wall） showed less ontogenetic decrease in O2 evolution capacity and in RuBPC activity （per dry weight） as well as better antioxidant systems than leaves at various days after anthesis. We conclude that the photosynthesis from non-foliar organs is important for increasing cotton yield especially under water deficit conditions.

Non-fullerene small molecule electron acceptors for high-performance organic solar cells

Fullerenes and their derivatives are important types of electron acceptor materials and play a vital role in organic solar cell devices. However, the fullerene acceptor material has some difficulties to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings, such as weak absorption in the visible range, difficulty in modification and high cost, which limit the performance of the device and the large-scale application of this type of acceptors. In recent years, non-fullerene electron acceptor material has attracted the attention of scientists due to the advantages of adjustable energy level, wide absorption, simple synthesis, low processing cost and good solubility. Researchers can use the rich chemical means to design and synthesize organic small molecules and their oligomers with specific aggregation morphology and excellent optoelectronic prop- erties. Great advances in the field of synthesis, device engineering, and device physics of non-fullerene acceptors have been achieved in the last few years. At present, non-fullerene small molecules based photovoltaic devices achieve the highest efficiency more than 13% and the efficiency gap between fullerenetype and non-fullerene-type photovoltaic devices is gradually narrowing. In this review, we explore recent progress of non-fullerene small molecule electron acceptors that have been developed and led to highefficiency photovoltaic devices and put forward the prospect of development in the future.

Heteroatom substitution-induced asymmetric A–D–A type non-fullerene acceptor for efficient organic solar cells

Research on asymmetric A–D–A structured non-fullerene acceptors has lagged far behind the development of symmetric counterpart.In this contribution,by simply replacing one sulfur atom in indacenodithiophene unit with a selenium atom,an asymmetric building block Se PT and a corresponding asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor Se PT-IN have been developed.Asymmetric Se PT-IN achieved a high efficiency of 10.20% in organic solar cells when blended with PBT1-C,much higher than that of symmetric TPT-IN counterpart(8.91%).Our results demonstrated an effective heteroatom substitution strategy to develop asymmetric A–D–A structured non-fullerene acceptors.

MOF衍生的Fe-N-C电催化剂,用于高效氧还原反应

由于传统能源的大量消耗与环境污染等问题,探索高效清洁的新型能源显的越来越重要。锌空电池作为一种绿色清洁能源受到了广泛的关注,然而其阴极氧还原(ORR)反应较为缓慢限制了其大规模应用。因此开发一种高效、绿色经济的非贵金属催化剂对氧还原反应至关重要。以金属-有机骨架(MOF)作为前驱体,通过高温热解合成了铁基氮掺杂碳电催化剂(Fe-N-C)。Fe-N-C催化剂由于其较强的金属-氮配位结构可以避免金属原子的聚集和溶解,使金属原子均匀分散在氮掺杂的碳载体上,实现较高的ORR性能。制备的Fe-N-C-2催化剂具有丰富的孔隙结构和大量的Fe-N X活性位点。其在碱性电解质中半波电位为0.91 V,在酸性电解质中半波电位为0.75 V。同时将其应用于锌空电池具有高达1.47 V的开路电压和163.1 mW/cm^(2)的功率密度。该策略为设计二维结构以构建高性能电催化剂提供了一种有前途的方法。

Non-target Screening and Quantitation of Organic Chlorides in Oilfield Chemicals with Comprehensive Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

Advanced analytical methodology based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry(GC×GC-TOFMS) is proposed for investigation of organic chlorides in different oilfield chemicals.The target screening was initially carried out on 8 suspected organic chlorides by evaluating the capability of the enhanced separation and reliable identification at a trace concentration. GC×GC-TOFMS allowed for the fast and automated analysis of organic chlorides at a level of 200 μg/L. This method was subsequently applied for non-target screening of organic chlorides in different oilfield chemicals at various locations across China. 22 organic chlorides were identified and verified by comparison with pure standards in the mixed sample. Finally, this method was used to determine the content of the organic chlorides in individual samples. The result showed that the organic chloride levels in 19 of the 39 tested oilfield chemicals were above the threshold limit of 1.0 mg/L.

Overview of one transistor type of hybrid organic ferroelectric non-volatile memory

Organic ferroelectric memory devices based on field effect transistors that can be configured between two stable states of on and off have been widely researched as the next generation data storage media in recent years.This emerging type of memory devices can lead to a new instrument system as a potential alternative to previous non-volatile memory building blocks in future processing units because of their numerous merits such as cost-effective process,simple structure and freedom in substrate choices.This bi-stable non-volatile memory device of information storage has been investigated using several organic or inorganic semiconductors with organic ferroelectric polymer materials.Recent progresses in this ferroelectric memory field,hybrid system have attracted a lot of attention due to their excellent device performance in comparison with that of all organic systems.In this paper,a general review of this type of ferroelectric non-volatile memory is provided,which include the device structure,organic ferroelectric materials,electrical characteristics and working principles.We also present some snapshots of our previous study on hybrid ferroelectric memories including our recent work based on zinc oxide nanowire channels.

Crystal Growth, Thermal, Mechanical and Optical Properties of a New Organic Nonlinear Optical Material: Ethyl P-Dimethylamino Benzoate (EDMAB)

An organic material, namely, ethyl p-dimethylamino benzoate was crystallized for the first time by solution growth technique using pure and mixed solvents. Growth kinetics and morphology changes with solvents were investigated based on solute –solvent interactions of pure and mixed solvents. An appropriate mixed solvent for high quality crystals with well-defined morphology is reported. The absence of solvent molecules and the presence of various functional groups of the grown sample were qualitatively confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic studies. Thermal properties of the grown sample were analyzed by TG and DTA analysis. Mechanical properties of the EDMAB crystal were investigated by micro hardness studies. Moreover, the grown crystal shows high transparency in the visible and near IR regions. The material shows relatively high SHG efficiency than that of KDP.

Enhancement of Frster energy transfer from thermally activated delayed fluorophores layer to ultrathin phosphor layer for high color stability in non-doped hybrid white organic light-emitting devices

Fluorescence/phosphorescence hybrid white organic light-emitting devices（WOLEDs） based on double emitting layers（EMLs） with high color stability are fabricated.The simplified EMLs consist of a non-doped blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） layer using 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine-diphenylsulfone（DMAC-DPS） and an ultrathin non-doped yellow phosphorescence layer employing bis[2-（4-tertbutylphenyl）benzothiazolato-N,C2＇]iridium（acetylacetonate）（（tbt）_2Ir（acac））.Two kinds of materials of 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline（Bphen） and 1,3,5-tris（2-Nphenylbenzimidazolyl） benzene（TPBi） are selected as the electron transporting layer（ETL）,and the thickness of yellow EML is adjusted to optimize device performance.The device based on a 0.3-nm-thick yellow EML and Bphen exhibits high color stability with a slight Commission International de l＇Eclairage（CIE） coordinates variation of（0.017,0.009） at a luminance ranging from 52 cd/m^2 to 6998 cd/m^2.The TPBi-based device yields a high efficiency with a maximum external quantum efficiency（EQE）,current efficiency,and power efficiency of 10%,21.1 cd/A,and 21.3 lm/W,respectively.The ultrathin yellow EML suppresses hole trapping and short-radius Dexter energy transfer,so that Forster energy transfer（FRET）from DMAC-DPS to（tbt）_2Ir（acac） is dominant,which is beneficial to keep the color stable.The employment of TPBi with higher triplet excited state effectively alleviates the triplet exciton quenching by ETL to improve device efficiency.

基于萘核的A-D-A型非稠环受体合成及其高开路电压有机太阳能电池应用

为获得高性能、低成本、结构简单的非稠环电子受体分子,拓展其商业化应用的范围,以3,7-二溴萘-2,6-二醇和2,6-二溴萘-1,5-二醇为原料,通过烷基化反应、Stille偶联、Knoevenagel缩合反应等合成了两个异构化非稠环小分子电子受体26NO4F和15NO4F,并对其光学吸收、能级、热性能、光伏器件与形貌等性能进行表征。研究结果表明:在有机光伏器件中,使用PM7作为给体聚合物,PM7:26NO4F和PM7:15NO4F器件的开路电压(V oc)均超过1.0 eV,但PM7:26NO4F器件具备更高的短路电流(J sc)和填充因子(FF),其光电转化效率(PCE)为6.01%,高于PM7:15NO4F器件的5.05%。提出一种基于萘核的高V oc电子受体分子设计思路,揭示了烷氧基取代位置对非稠环电子受体性能的影响。

Nondoped-type White Organic Light-Emitting Diode Using Star-Shaped Hexafluorenylbenzene as an Energy Transfer Layer

White organic light-emitting diodes （WOLEDs） with a structure of indium-tin-oxide （ITO）/N,N＇-bis- （1-naphthyl）-N,N＇-diphenyl- （1, 1＇-biphenyl）-4,4＇-diamine （NPB）/1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis（9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-2- yl）benzene （HKEthFLYPh）/5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphtacene （rubrene）/tris（8-hydroxyquinoline） aluminum （Alq3）/Mg：Ag were fabricated by vacuum deposition method, in which a novel star-shaped hexafluorenyl- benzene HKEthFLYPh was used as an energy transfer layer, and an ultrathin layer of rubrene was inserted between HKEthFLYPh and Alq3 layers as a yellow light-emitting layer instead of using a time-consuming doping process. A fairly pure WOLED with Commissions Internationale De L＇Eclairage （CIE） coordinates of （0.32, 0.33） was obtained when the thickness of rubrene was 0.3 nm, and the spectrum was insensitive to the applied voltage. The device yielded a maximum luminance of 4816 cd/m2 at 18 V.

The Up-conversion Laser Properties of a Non-polar Organic Dye and the Influence of Solvents and Pumping Wavelengths

A non-polar organic dye, E, E-1, 4-bis[4＇-（N,N-dibutylamino）styryl]-2,5-dimethoxybenzene （DBASDMB）, has been synthesized and characterized, and its structure has been determined. Pumped with a 200fs pulse this dye showed the up-conversion laser properties. The influences of various organic solvents and different pumping wavelength on the laser properties have been demonstrated.

ZIF-67衍生负载Co/Co 9S 8碳材料作为ORR催化剂的研究

锌-空气电池作为一种重要的电化学能源存储和转换技术,因其能量密度高、成本低和环境友好等优点受到广泛关注。然而,由于其空气阴极缓慢的动力学反应,阻碍了锌-空气电池的进一步发展。因此,我们采用了一种水热-高温热解-氨气还原的方法,制备出ZIF-67衍生N掺杂碳基Co和Co_(9)S_(8)纳米颗粒的电催化剂(Co/Co_(9)S_(8)@NC-1)。电化学测试结果表明,该催化剂具有优异的ORR催化活性,其半波电位为0.85 V,接近商用Pt/C。与基于Pt/C+Ir/C的锌-空气电池(开路电压:1.47 V)相比,Co/Co_(9)S_(8)@NC-1基的锌-空气电池具有1.51 V的开路电压,且表现出105.3 mW/cm的功率密度和172 h循环稳定性(Pt/C+Ir/C:147 h)。此工作为开发非贵金属基ORR催化剂提供了有效途径。

燃烧氧化-缓释-非分散红外吸收法测定土壤中总有机碳(TOC)的研究

本文将常规的燃烧氧化-非分散红外吸收方法进行了优化,在检测流程中添加了缓释步骤来测定不同土壤中TOC含量,实验结果表明,利用该方法建立的标准曲线线性良好,多次测定土壤样品的相对标准偏差较小,该方法有效减少干扰成分和燃烧反应复杂带来的误差,具有干扰小、准确度高、稳定性良好等特点,以期在土壤样品TOC测定中应用。

Studies on the growth aspects of organic L-alanine maleate: a promising nonlinear optical crystal

A organic nonlinear optical material, L-alanine maleate (LALM) was synthesized. Bulk Single crystals of LALM have been grown by slow cooling method with a solution pH of 5. The solubility of L-alanine maleate has been deter-mined for various temperatures. Large size sin-gle crystal of 2.0 x 1.2 x 0.8 cm3 has been grown with reasonable growth rate along the three crystallographic directions by optimizing the growth parameters. The structure of LALM crys- tal was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffrac-tion analysis. The presence of functional groups was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The LALM crystal was analysed for its thermal and mechanical behaviours. The grown crystals have also been subjected to linear and non-linear optical property studies. From these studies, it is inferred that the LALM crystals exhibit better thermal and mechanical stabilities with improved optical properties. Thus satisfies the essential requirements for optical device fabrication.