Effect of Nutrition Education Using Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) on Glycemic Control in Non-Insulin-Treated Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients

The effect of nutrition education using self-monitoring of blood glucose on glycemic control was investigated in the present study. Of 36 males and 25 females aged 30 - 69 years under outpatient treatment at 3 hospitals in Niigata prefecture, Japan, 61 non-insulin-treated obese type 2 diabetes patients with HbA1c of 6.9% - 9.3% and body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher were randomly allocated. Thirty and 31 patients were analyzed in intervention and control groups, respectively. The intervention group performed self-monitoring of blood glucose 2 hours after supper twice a week for 6 months and underwent nutrition education on the association between meals and postprandial blood glucose once every 2 months. The primary outcome was glycated hemoglobin, with the secondary outcome of body mass index. Stages of change for eating the appropriate supper amount were investigated to verify the process of the educational effect, and satisfaction with diabetes treatment and well-being were investigated to verify the continuity of treatment. On intention-to-treat analysis, glycated hemoglobin (mean ± SD) decreased from 7.9% ± 0.6% to 7.7% ± 0.6% in the intervention group but increased from 7.9% ± 0.6% to 8.1% ± 0.6% in the control group, showing a significant difference in the change after intervention between the groups (p = 0.027). In the intervention group, body mass index decreased from 28.9 ± 3.8 to 28.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.019), the stages of change to learn the appropriate amount of supper progressed (p = 0.026), and satisfaction with diabetes treatment increased (p = 0.031).

Perception of Menopausal Symptoms among Educated versus Non Educated Women by Using Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS)

Background: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted in a well populated city named Rawalpindi, which is located in the Northern part of Pakistan. Objectives: This study was aimed to document the comparison of menopausal-related symptoms among educated and non educated women of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: MRS was used to measure the intensity of menopausal symptoms. 100 educated and 100 uneducated women were selected for study purpose. Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital were selected as a study setting. Findings: Correlation & Fisher exact test was applied for statistical analysis. The intensity of symptoms reported by Educated women as: sleeping problems (93.0%);heart discomfort (80.0%);hot flushes and sweating (70.0%);joint and muscular pain (52.0);depressive mood (63.0%);irritability (42%);anxiety (60.0%). physical and mental exhaustion;(48.0%);sexual problem (61.0%);dryness of vagina (57.0%);and bladder problem (65.0%). The severity of symptoms in uneducated women;sleeping problems (77.0%);heart discomfort (73.0%);hot flushes (69.0%);joint and muscular pain (66.0);depressive mood (71.0%);irritability (58%);anxiety (80.0%). physical and mental exhaustion (70.0%);sexual problem (66.0%);dryness of vagina (70.0%);and bladder problem (83.0%). Conclusions: Somatic symptoms were high in educated women as compare to uneducated women while the prevalence of psychological and Urogenital symptoms were high in uneducated women as compare to educated women.

Effect of Health Education on Knowledge Attitude Practice towards Malaria among Basic Schools Pupils in Taiz

Background: Malaria is one of the main health problems in Yemen. Health education is essential for the control of diseases such as malaria. School-age children represent 25% of Yemen’s population. Schools children can convey the knowledge and skills that they acquire at school to the community, thus increasing general community awareness about malaria. Aim to determine the impact of school-based malaria education intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice of school children towards malaria prevention and control. Methods: We conducted a community-based trial, intervention and non-intervention comparison (exposed & non-exposed), in four randomly selected districts (rural and urban) of Taiz governorate. This study was conducted in four districts of Taiz governorate. The study population was 2130 pupils of grade 6, 7, and 8 in primary schools, chosen from four randomly selected districts;two of them were rural and the others urban. Four schools and their pupils (1065 pupils) were chosen for the study and assigned as an intervention group and four schools with their pupils (1065) were chosen for the study and assigned as a non-intervention (1065 pupils). Data were collected using questioner in intervention and non-intervention schools (three months apart). The major intervention activities included lectures about malaria, distribution of educational materials. χ2 was used to analyze differences. Results: Health education activities in schools were associated with the increased knowledge of malaria symptoms and methods of prevention. The mean knowledge of malaria symptoms is higher in the intervention schools 4.4 ± 1.9, compared with 2.1 ± 1.4 in the non-intervention group. With statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), also the positive attitude and practice toward malaria was higher to be (48%) in the intervention group;compared with (35%) in the non-intervention group the difference was statistically significant. The knowledge of mode of malaria transmission was higher in the intervention schools to be (86.2%) compared with (59.1%) in the non-intervention group, with statistically significant deference (P value <0.001). The knowledge of fever as a main malaria symptom was higher to be (90.4%) in the intervention schools compared with (63.6%) in the non-intervention schools with statistically significant deference. Conclusions and Recommendation: This study concludes that the health education intervention in primary schools in Taize governorate had a positive impact on the knowledge, attitude and practice of pupils. We recommend to conduct similar methods of the health education activities in schools with suitable modifications to reach all schools level.

基于Informal Education的内涵探讨其中文译词的选择

术语是概念的载体,翻译外来术语时,译词的选择直接影响着读者对相应概念的理解。译词的中文词义与术语内涵的匹配程度是判断译词是否恰当的依据。Informal Education是一个外来术语,常用译词有"非正式教育"和"非正规教育"。综合《现代汉语词典》和《辞海》的解释,这2个译词都与Informal Education内涵不匹配。追溯Informal Education的源起和发展,"非制式教育"更符合其内涵。另外,调查显示,目前常用的2个译词都会在很大程度上引发读者对Informal Education的误解,而"非制式教育"则能在很大程度上促进读者形成正确理解。

非学历继续教育数字化教学资源库的建设

随着继续教育的重要性日益凸显,如何有效地提供教学资源成为一个关键问题。首先,分析了非学历继续教育的现状和发展趋势,阐述了数字化教学资源库的意义和作用;接着,提出了非学历继续教育数字化教学资源库的建设理念与目标,以及资源库的内容构建和技术支撑。同时,也探讨了资源库的应用与推广以及评估与持续改进等方面的问题。为构建高效、便捷、个性化的非学历继续教育数字化教学资源库提供理论和实践参考,以满足广大学习者的多样化需求,推动继续教育的快速发展。

教育数字化赋能职业专业教学改革--以职业教育教学资源库非遗传承技艺课程建设为例

文章基于教育数字化背景,研究了职业教育的教学改革方向,深入探索非遗技艺课程在文化、教育、经济方面的卓越价值,并结合数字化教学资源库的特点以及当下各院校数字化教学资源库的建设现状,总结出职业教育专业教学资源库非遗传承技艺课程建设的思路,以期为我国职业教育改革事业提供一定的借鉴。

我国非基本公共服务发展的基础与路径

非基本公共服务属于公共服务的一种类型,对满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要有重要意义。但从公共物品角度看,它不完整具备排他性和非竞争性,而是处于公共物品与私人物品之间的“中间地带”。我国公共服务领域正处于两类公共服务需求交融叠加的时期,基本公共服务均等化仍在进行中,非基本公共服务需求日益增加。聚焦于发展非基本公共服务的原因、基础和路径等问题,从收入、公共服务供给水平、我国社会基本矛盾的角度分析非基本公共服务的发展前提,可以通过“分步走”战略方式分阶段、分重点推动实现中国式公共服务现代化,为提高世界人类发展指数提供“中国智慧”和“中国方案”。

高校非学历教育基地建设的价值导向、评估指标和路径选择

高校非学历教育基地建设对高校、培训单位和社会发展具有重要的作用。基于非学历教育的实践经验,对于高校非学历教育基地建设进行了系统研究。根据党的二十大报告,并结合非学历教育实践,提出了非学历教育基地建设的价值导向,制定了国家级非学历教育基地建设指标体系,深度思考非学历教育基地的路径选择,从而能够多维度地推进非学历教育基地建设工作。

新时代高校党外青年教师协同育人功能及实践路径研究

随着我国高等教育改革的不断深化,党外青年教师的比例也大幅提高。为充分利用高校党外青年教师群体优势,发挥高校党外青年教师协同育人功能,该文从数量、教育水平、身份、资源及政治意识五个方面分析高校党外青年教师的群体优势,采用问卷调查的形式对本专业大学生价值观展开调查。根据调查结果总结并得出发挥协同育人功能的实施路径,提出进一步提升党外青年教师工作水平与责任意识的建议。

教育强国建设进程中民办教育的规范与发展

经过一个阶段的集中规范,我国民办教育的公益属性得到彰显、办学行为更加合规、比例结构渐趋合理、教育生态有所恢复。尽管当前我国教育发展格局已发生显著变化,但在教育强国建设进程中,发展民办教育在扩大优质教育供给、丰富教育服务业态、深化教育综合改革以及推动行业自我变革等方面都具有特殊的意义和特定的价值。新形势下,服务教育强国建设,引导规范民办教育发展要坚持实事求是、需求导向、依法治理的原则,在稳定市场预期的前提下,采取切实有效措施,积极稳妥推动各级各类民办学校实现公益性办学、互补型定位、高质量发展、结构性重组、科学化治理。

“教育和生产劳动相结合”发展中“劳动教育”概念的变革

“教育与生产劳动相结合”是马克思主义教育理论的重要原理和基本原则,并内在规定现代劳动教育的内涵、形式及其变革。“教劳结合”中的物质生产劳动和现代教育是历史性概念,它们的内在结合使劳动教育规定和成为现代教育的基本内涵和主要形式。在智能劳动时代,非物质劳动取代物质生产劳动的主导地位,“教劳结合”主要发展为信息化教育、交往教育、情感教育等教育形式和物质劳动与非物质劳动的“内部结合”“多元结合”“交互融合”,也就是“教劳深度融合”,产生劳动教育的“非物质劳动教育”、智能教育转向。“教劳深度融合”的劳动教育为实现生产力巨大发展、劳动解放和人的解放创造主客观条件,实现劳动主体的自我增值和经济、社会、教育创新;实现劳动自由和人的自由的统一,呈现个人自由、个性主体和公共大众的“自由全面发展”。“教劳结合”发展中劳动教育的永恒意义在于:劳育融合、劳动育人;回归劳动教育的“育人”本质;必须坚持历史唯物主义和实践唯物主义方法论。

“双减”背景下课后服务中科学教育加法能否促进中小学生非认知能力发展——基于6省30个县(区)的调查

非认知能力因其对个体学业成就、未来发展的重要作用而备受学界关注。基于我国东中西部6省30县(区)部分中小学生调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配法解决选择性偏误,研究课后服务中科学教育活动对青少年学生非认知能力发展的影响。研究结果表明:我国青少年学生非认知能力表现普遍偏低;参与课后服务中的科学教育活动能够显著提升青少年学生的非认知能力;参加课后服务中的科学教育活动能直接作用于青少年学生非认知能力的发展,也能通过提升学生的自信心和主观幸福感间接影响青少年学生非认知能力的发展。相关建议为:改革评价体系,青少年认知能力与非认知能力培养“一体推进”;完善非认知能力培养实践体系,将科学教育纳入课后服务“必备项目”;强化科学教育资源“在地化”统筹,健全非认知能力培养的家校社共育机制。

非师范类新教师规范化培训方案设计与实践及质量评估与改进——以F省为例

非师范类新教师因未经过系统的师范教育,普遍存在从教初期的适应困难。鉴于此,提出应对非师范新教师开展规范化培训,并以F省为例,通过梳理非师范新教师的特点与培训需求,探讨非师范新教师培训方案和运行机制,以提升新教师的职业适应能力。同时,探讨培训的质量评估与反馈,以期为非师范教师培养培训方案的完善提供借鉴。

新形势下民办教育宏观治理的完善与创新

过去一个阶段,我国民办教育宏观治理重在通过推进非营利性和营利性民办学校分类管理改革,破解政策瓶颈,支持和规范民办教育健康发展。以2018年以来国家层面系列规范性文件的出台及实施为标志,民办教育制度环境发生显著变化,民办教育宏观治理步入以鼓励公益办学为重点的全面规范期。新形势下,服务服从于教育强国建设,引导规范民办教育发展,要按照分类管理的基本架构,遵循“源头治理、综合治理、多元治理、依法治理”的总体思路,厘清治理逻辑,完善治理体系,创新治理方式,使民办教育在发展中走向制度化规范,在规范中实现高质量发展。

基于复杂工程问题的无机非金属材料工程专业实验教学体系改革

依据工程教育专业认证标准中对复杂工程问题的特征分析,针对当前专业实验课程涉及培养学生解决复杂工程问题能力训练不足的现状,结合中北大学无机非金属材料工程专业人才培养目标,以压电陶瓷/水泥复合材料综合实验为研究对象,从实验内容和教学模式两方面进行教学改革。多年实践结果表明,该教改工作有效提高学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,对无机非金属材料工程专业工程教育认证水平的提高具有积极的促进作用。

临床护理路径联合健康教育在NTM肺病合并支气管扩张患者中的效果评价

目的探讨临床护理路径联合健康教育在非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)肺病合并支气管扩张患者中的护理效果。方法选取2022年1月至12月入住广州市胸科医院的206例NTM肺病合并支气管扩张患者,按照组间基本特征均衡可比的原则分为试验组(105例)与对照组(101例)。试验组男32例,女73例,年龄(60.20±9.06)岁。对照组男38例,女63例,年龄(63.18±10.96)岁。对照组实施常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上实施NTM肺病临床护理路径联合健康教育,持续至患者出院。以问卷形式调查试验组、对照组患者关于NTM肺病合并支气管扩张相关知识的知晓情况,包括疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰。对比两组疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰的知晓情况,住院时间,健康教育满意度。采用χ^(2)检验、独立样本t检验。结果试验组疾病知识、用药知识、饮食、排痰知晓率分别为(93.29±7.72)%、(86.27±5.26)%、(86.56±8.09)%、(83.82±6.23)%,高于对照组的(85.59±9.91)%、(81.34±5.19)%、(82.87±8.10)%、(80.59±7.12)%;试验组住院时间为(15.97±5.45)d,短于对照组(17.95±5.98)d,满意度评分为(4.39±0.83)分,高于对照组(4.10±0.17)分,两组差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对NTM肺病合并支气管扩张患者使用NTM肺病临床护理路径联合健康教育,可有效加强患者对健康知识的掌握,提高护理满意度,从而促进病情康复,缩短住院时间。

高职院校非学历教育服务乡村振兴路径研究--以湖北三峡职业技术学院为例

随着数字乡村发展行动的实施和智慧农业的发展,农民对农业生产经营、农业科学技术、农村社会管理等非学历职业教育的认识和需求不断提高。近年来,我国高职院校充分发挥产教融合的办学优势,积极开展各类农村非学历教育,培育新型职业农民,助力乡村振兴发展。当前,农村非学历教育仍存在办学定位不清、培训模式单一、培养机制不健全、培养效果有限等问题,面临新的发展机遇和风险挑战。结合宜昌市乡村振兴发展对人才需求实际,梳理高职院校非学历教育办学中存在的问题,积极探索高职院校非学历教育服务乡村振兴高质量发展之路。