Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a ...Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.展开更多
非点源污染已成为制约中国可持续发展的关键因素。为客观地掌握国内外非点源污染的研究现状,明确当前的研究前沿与热点问题,基于ISI Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量工具Histcite对非点源污染研究工作进行了系统地计量学分析与评价...非点源污染已成为制约中国可持续发展的关键因素。为客观地掌握国内外非点源污染的研究现状,明确当前的研究前沿与热点问题,基于ISI Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量工具Histcite对非点源污染研究工作进行了系统地计量学分析与评价。研究结果表明:非点源污染研究最早于1973年开展且文献数量呈现增加的趋势;国际上在该领域具有较强影响力的单位主要集中于美国和英国等,国内实力较强的有中国科学院、北京师范大学等;美欧等发达国家和地区贡献的高影响力论文较多,而国内原创性成果与重要发现偏少,具有国际影响力的团队少,核心作者数量少;细菌污染、气候变化、非点源污染控制以及重金属是该领域的研究热点。展开更多
标题是学术论文非常重要的一个组成部分。本文对学术论文标题特征与其被引之间的关系进行探索性研究。首先提出4个假设,然后分析了1997年到2013年期间,在Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology和Scientome...标题是学术论文非常重要的一个组成部分。本文对学术论文标题特征与其被引之间的关系进行探索性研究。首先提出4个假设,然后分析了1997年到2013年期间,在Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology和Scientometrics两种期刊上发表的5375篇论文的相关数据。研究结果表明,对于发表时间较长的论文,论文标题长度越长,其被引用的次数越多;发表时间较短的论文,论文标题长度对其被引的影响不明显。从影响显著的角度看,标题中包括问号的论文,其被引用的次数越多。标题中的冒号对论文被引的影响不明显。高被引论文中,短标题的论文其被引次数较多,冒号和问号对高被引论文的被引没有明显影响。展开更多
文摘Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.
文摘非点源污染已成为制约中国可持续发展的关键因素。为客观地掌握国内外非点源污染的研究现状,明确当前的研究前沿与热点问题,基于ISI Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量工具Histcite对非点源污染研究工作进行了系统地计量学分析与评价。研究结果表明:非点源污染研究最早于1973年开展且文献数量呈现增加的趋势;国际上在该领域具有较强影响力的单位主要集中于美国和英国等,国内实力较强的有中国科学院、北京师范大学等;美欧等发达国家和地区贡献的高影响力论文较多,而国内原创性成果与重要发现偏少,具有国际影响力的团队少,核心作者数量少;细菌污染、气候变化、非点源污染控制以及重金属是该领域的研究热点。
文摘标题是学术论文非常重要的一个组成部分。本文对学术论文标题特征与其被引之间的关系进行探索性研究。首先提出4个假设,然后分析了1997年到2013年期间,在Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology和Scientometrics两种期刊上发表的5375篇论文的相关数据。研究结果表明,对于发表时间较长的论文,论文标题长度越长,其被引用的次数越多;发表时间较短的论文,论文标题长度对其被引的影响不明显。从影响显著的角度看,标题中包括问号的论文,其被引用的次数越多。标题中的冒号对论文被引的影响不明显。高被引论文中,短标题的论文其被引次数较多,冒号和问号对高被引论文的被引没有明显影响。
