Dynamic anti-plane analysis for two symmetrically interfacial cracks near circular cavity in piezoelectric bi-materials

The present paper is exposed theoretically to the influence on the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） in the piezoelectric bi-materials model with two symmet- rically permeable interracial cracks near the edges of a circular cavity, subjected to the dynamic incident anti-plane shearing wave （SH-wave）. An available theoretical method to dynamic analysis in the related research field is provided. The formulations are based on Green＇s function method. The DSIFs at the inner and outer tips of the left crack are obtained by solving the boundary value problems with the conjunction and crack- simulation technique. The numerical results are obtained by the FORTRAN language program and plotted to show the influence of the variations of the physical parameters, the structural geometry, and the wave frequencies of incident wave on the dimensionless DSIFs. Comparisons with previous work and between the inner and outer tips are con- cluded.

Basic solution of two parallel non-symmetric permeable cracks in piezoelectric materials

The behavior of two parallel non-symmetric cracks in piezoelectric materials subjected to the anti-plane shear loading was studied by the Schmidt method for the permeable crack electric boundary conditions. Through the Fourier transform, the present problem can be solved with two pairs of dual integral equations in which the unknown variables are the jumps of displacements across crack surfaces. To Solve the dual integral equations, the jumps of displacements across crack surfaces were directly expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Finally, the relations between electric displacement intensity factors and stress intensity factors at crack tips can be obtained. Numerical examples are provided to show the effect of the distance between two cracks upon stress and electric displacement intensity factors at crack tips. Contrary to the impermeable crack surface condition solution, it is found that electric displacement intensity factors for the permeable crack surface conditions are much smaller than those for the impermeable crack surface conditions. At the same time, it can be found that the crack shielding effect is also present in the piezoelectric materials.

Basic solutions of multiple parallel symmetric mode-III cracks in functionally graded piezoelectric/piezomagnetic material plane

The Schmidt method is adopted to investigate the fracture problem of multiple parallel symmetric and permeable finite length mode-III cracks in a functionally graded piezoelectric/piezomagnetic material plane. This problem is formulated into dual integral equations, in which the unknown variables are the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces. In order to obtain the dual integral equations, the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces are directly expanded as a series of Jacobi polynomials. The results show that the stress, the electric displacement, and the magnetic flux intensity factors of cracks depend on the crack length, the functionally graded parameter, and the distance among the multiple parallel cracks. The crack shielding effect is also obviously presented in a functionally graded piezoelectric/piezomagnetic material plane with mul- tiple parallel symmetric mode-III cracks.

Surface crack imaging based on delayed temperature difference at symmetric points by laser spot thermography

Laser spot thermography is a novel technique for the detection of surface cracks with a laser to heat sample locally and with an IR camera to record the surface temperature distribution. Common methods to characterize cracks are only suitable for the situation that the laser scanning path is vertical to the crack. But due to the randomness of cracks,when the scanning path is parallel to the crack,surface cracks cannot be detected by these methods. To tackle this problem,a method is presented which is suitable for the situation that the scanning path is parallel to crack. The main idea is to evaluate the crack-caused asymmetries of the surface temperature distribution. The effect of temperature gradient and the maximum scanning interval are analyzed by a 2D simulation. A new crack imaging technique is presented that is based on delayed temperature difference at symmetric points to characterize the crack in the thermal image. Compared well with those obtained by the spatial first derivative method,experimental results are shown to efficiently prove this method.

SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTIONS OF FRACTURE DYNAMICS PROBLEMS ON AXIALLY SYMMETRY

By the theory of complex functions, a penny-shaped crack on axially symmetric propagating problems for composite materials, was studied. The general representations of the analytical solutions with arbitrary index of self-similarity, were presented for fracture elastodynamics problems on axially symmetry by the ways of self-similarity under the ladder-shaped loads. The problems dealt with can be transformed into Riemann-Hilbert problems and their closed analytical solutions are obtained rather simple by this method. After those analytical solutions are utilized by using the method of rotational superposition theorem in conjunction with that of Smirnov-Sobolev, the solutions of arbitrary complicated problems can be obtained.

一维六方压电准晶中具有双对称分支裂纹的断裂问题

研究一维六方压电准晶体中具有两条对称分支裂纹的断裂问题,利用复变函数方法分析得出双对称分支裂纹的应力场、电位移场和能量释放率的解析形式,分析讨论双对称分支裂纹尖端场强度因子受分支裂纹偏折角和裂纹长度的影响。经过研究得出:当0 <λπ<π/2时,随着裂纹偏折角的增大,主支裂纹尖端的无量纲应力强度因子逐渐减小;随着主支裂纹长度的增加,主支裂纹尖端的无量纲应力强度因子增加;随着分支裂纹长度的增加,主支裂纹尖端的无量纲应力强度因子增加。

MULTIPLE PARALLEL SYMMETRIC PERMEABLE MODEL-Ⅲ CRACKS IN A PIEZOELECTRIC/PIEZOMAGNETIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLANE

In this paper, the interactions of multiple parallel symmetric and permeable finite length cracks in a piezoelectric/piezomagnetic material plane subjected to anti-plane shear stress loading are studied by the Schmidt method.The problem is formulated through Fourier transform into dual integral equations, in which the unknown variables are the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces.To solve the dual integral equations, the displacement jumps across the crack surfaces are directly expanded as a series of Jacobi polynomials.Finally, the relation between the electric field, the magnetic flux field and the stress field near the crack tips is obtained.The results show that the stress, the electric displacement and the magnetic flux intensity factors at the crack tips depend on the length and spacing of the cracks.It is also revealed that the crack shielding effect presents in piezoelectric/piezomagnetic materials.

轴对称断裂动力学问题的自相似解

通过复变函数论的方法 ,对复合材料的圆盘状裂纹的轴对称性扩展问题进行研究· 采用自相似方法 ,并根据任意的自相似指数的断裂动力学问题 ,进行自相似求解 ,导出解析解的一般表示· 应用该法可以迅速地将所论问题转化为Riemann_Hilbert问题 ,并可以相当简单地得到问题的闭合解· 利用这些解并采用叠加原理 ,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解·

X80油气管道焊缝双裂纹干涉效应多场耦合数值模拟方法

基于漏磁法检测管道焊缝理论,应用虚拟裂纹闭合法(Virtual crack closure technique,VCCT)提出一种流固磁多场耦合方法。以解决工程问题为例,由于实际管道中裂纹多以裂纹群的形式存在,因而应用该方法研究了X80管道焊缝共线双裂纹、环向对称双裂纹扩展问题。通过对管道焊缝内壁动态施加流体压力载荷,每完成一次裂纹增量扩展,重构网格,计算裂纹扩展进程中的特征量,包括管道内流体压力载荷P、裂纹尖端能量释放率GⅠ、扩展长度L、裂纹尖端张开角度CTOA、磁感应强度分量峰值Bx p,循环进行裂纹扩展和磁场分析。数值算例结果表明:共线双裂纹的干涉效应加速了裂纹扩展进程;环向对称双裂纹间距较大时,加速了裂纹扩展进程,当环向间距小于或等于0.5倍的焊缝环向弧长的双裂纹时,由于双裂纹干涉效应,双裂纹的存在抑制了裂纹的扩展。该方法的实现可为指导实际X80管道安全评估提供理论依据。

负重轮多体接触问题有限元分析

首次提出应用 L agrange乘子法与对称罚函数结合算法对负重轮多体接触问题进行有限元分析 ,并以某履带运输车负重轮为例建立了负重轮多体接触有限元模型 ,获得了稳态滚动条件下负重轮接触应力场及其挤压变形情况 .结果显示 ,当最大接触应力大于橡胶材料压缩强度时 ,极易产生初始裂纹 .有限元分析结果也为计算裂纹扩展及预估负重轮的疲劳寿命提供了理论依据 .

具有不对称共线裂纹的圆形孔口问题的应力分析

利用复变函数方法,通过构造保角映射,研究了具有不对称共线裂纹的圆形孔口的平面弹性问题,求得在裂纹尖端的应力强度因子.在极限情形下,不仅可以还原为已有的结果,而且给出带双对称裂纹的圆形孔口在裂纹尖端的应力强度因子.

基于全卷积神经网络和结构化森林的结构体裂纹分割方法

针对现有深度学习方法在复杂背景下无法保证裂纹特征映射的有效传递和融合,结构化森林对相似、随机的裂纹特征无法准确判别的问题,提出一种基于全卷积神经网络和结构化森林的结构体裂纹分割方法。首先,以全卷积神经网络框架为基础构建5种消融神经网络用于扩充细微裂纹全局特征;其次,提出一种基于多尺度结构化森林的裂纹分割参数竞争策略用于效改善细微裂纹区分能力;最后利用基于消融神经网络和结构化森林的耦合分割方法进行裂纹图像的联合预测。在2类结构体裂纹数据集上对所提方法进行实验验证表明,所提方法能够在复杂相似背景下提高裂纹检测的精度,可以实现有效的结构体健康监测。

压电材料中两个非对称平行裂纹的基本解

采用Schmidt方法分析压电材料中非对称平行的双可导通裂纹的断裂性能.利用Fourier变换使问题的求解转换为求解两对以裂纹面位移之差为未知变量的对偶积分方程.为了求解对偶积分方程,直接把裂纹面位移差函数展开成Jacobi多项式形式.最终得到了裂纹的应力强度因子与电位移强度因子之间的关系.数值结果表明,应力强度因子和电位移强度因子与裂纹间的距离、裂纹的几何尺寸有关;与不可导通裂纹有关结果相比,可导通裂纹的电位移强度因子远小于相应问题不可导通裂纹的电位移强度因子.同时可以发现裂纹间的“屏蔽”效应也在压电材料中出现.

若干含幂函数类对称曲线裂纹平面弹性问题的解析解

研究含幂函数类对称曲线裂纹平面弹性问题,与解决孔口问题类似,采用传统的复变函数保角映射法,给出适当的保角变换公式,将裂纹外的区域映射到一个复平面的单位圆内,得到了含幂函数类对称曲线裂纹尖端Ⅰ-Ⅱ型应力强度因子的解析表达式.该解在特殊极限条件下可解析地退化到穿透型直线裂纹的经典解.参数分析表明,幂函数类对称曲线裂纹尖端的应力强度因子与裂纹的尺寸和形状有关.

对称楔形压头作用下玻璃裂纹的产生及扩展规律

玻璃在各个尖端科技中的应用越来越广泛 ,对其加工精度的要求也愈来愈高 ,玻璃切削因能高效、低成本获得各种形状的精密玻璃零件而日益受到重视 .为了获得高精度的加工表面 ,便于刀具设计和切削参数选择 ,本文中研究了玻璃在对称楔形压头作用下的裂纹产生和扩展规律 .研究结果表明 ,采用楔角在 30°～ 12 0°之间的对称楔印压玻璃时 ,玻璃裂纹的产生和扩展规律是相同的 ;采用楔角等于或大于 15 0°的对称楔印压玻璃时 ,裂纹的产生及扩展规律具有特殊性 .文中还研究了采用楔角在 30°～ 12 0°之间的对称楔印压玻璃时 ,中位裂纹长度与载荷的关系 .

上颌第一磨牙隐裂牙及隐裂纹的对称性研究

目的:研究上颌第一磨牙隐裂牙发病的对称性及隐裂纹走向的对称性。方法:以上颌第一磨牙隐裂牙及对侧同名牙为实验组,共研究850组,以上颌第二磨牙隐裂牙及对侧同名牙为对照组,共研究730组,在显微镜下观察两组隐裂牙的发病情况及隐裂纹走向,记录对称性发病组数及非对称组数。结果:1上颌第一磨牙隐裂牙及对侧同名牙850组。在显微镜下观察发现对称性发病共521组(占61.3%),不对称性发病329组(占38.7%)。上颌第二磨牙隐裂牙及对侧同名牙730组,在显微镜下观察发现对称性发病共297组(占40.7%),不对称性发病433组(占59.3%)。实验组隐裂对称性发病率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2在显微镜下对对称性发病的上颌第一磨牙519组(共1038颗)隐裂牙咬合面的隐裂纹走向进一步观察,以近中沟向隐裂牙321组为实验组,其中对称性发病262组(占81.6%),非对称性发病59组(占18.4%),以非近中沟向隐裂牙198组为对照组,其中对称性发病105组(占53%),非对称性发病93组(占47%),实验组对称性发病率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:上颌第一磨牙隐裂牙发病具有对称性,隐裂纹走向中近中沟隐裂具有对称性。

力学性能非对称焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展规律

研究了硬对软（ＣＳ）、软对硬（ＣＨ）和软硬中（ＳＨＭ）三种典型的力学性能非对称焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展规律．结果表明：力学性能非对称性对焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展规律有很大影响．起始裂纹在软区的硬对软力学性能非对称焊接接头，起始裂纹越靠近硬区，疲劳裂纹扩展速率越快；起始裂纹在硬区的软对硬力学性能非对称焊接接头，起始裂纹越靠近软区，疲劳裂纹扩展速率越慢；起始裂纹在硬区的软硬中力学性能非对称焊接接头，硬夹层宽度越窄，疲劳裂纹扩展速率越慢．

复合材料单层板非弹性主方向的裂纹尖端应变能释放率

本文研究线弹性正交异性复合材料单层板非弹性主方向的断裂问题.推出了非弹性主方向坐标系和弹性主方向坐标系的特征根和柔度系数的变换公式.将裂纹尖端应力与位移代入应变能释放率的基本公式,得到了在斜对称载荷作用下,用弹性主方向坐标系的工程参量表示的裂纹尖端应变能释放率的计算公式.

各向异性板应力强度因子的分区广义变分解法

本文以单边边缘裂纹二维应力场与位移场的级数展开式为基础,以分区广义变分原理求解含双边非对称边缘裂纹板的应力强度因子。首先建立精确满足各向异性板基本微分方程和裂纹表面边界条件的应力场和位移场的本征展开式,然后用分区广义变分原理满足其余边界条件与交界连续条件并由此确定应力强度因子。在变分方程中只有沿板边界的线积分。计算程序简单,输入数据很少,结果收敛迅速并与已有结果完全吻合,同时计算节省机时与人力。本文还给出了有关的全新计算曲线。

含径向双边裂纹圆环小试样的疲劳裂纹扩展试验方法

针对传统断裂测试试样受构型的限制往往尺寸较大,无法满足小尺寸金属管疲劳断裂行为测试要求的问题,设计新构型小尺寸试样。并基于有限元分析和柔度理论,建立含径向双边对称裂纹圆环(O-ring with double radial symmetric cracks,DOR)小试样的裂纹长度预测公式和应力强度因子公式,进而提出DOR小试样的疲劳裂纹扩展试验新方法。应用5083-H112铝合金加工成含径向裂纹小管试样和标准CT试样,开展疲劳裂纹扩展速率对比试验。结果显示,基于DOR试样得到的5083-H112铝合金的疲劳裂纹扩展规律与CT试样的试验结果相吻合,证明新方法的有效性。经过对试样端口的测量和分析,试样两侧对称裂纹的扩展量基本一致,说明对称裂纹满足唯一性要求,且不同于CT试样,该圆环试样裂纹前缘非常平直,表明圆环构型试样沿厚度方向的约束状态更加接近。