Review of laser and light therapy in the treatment of oculofacial pathology

Demand for non-invasive techniques to treat oculofacial pathology has allowed for the growth and development of several new laser and light therapy modalities. These modalities include the use of intense pulsed light(IPL) and photodynamic therapy(PDT), light-emitting diode devices, as well as ablative and non-ablative lasers. Therapeutic applications in the periorbital area may involve the treatment of vascular lesions, telangiectasias, dyspigmentation, photodamage, hypertrichosis, rhytids, and scars. Laser and light-based technology offers patients treatment options that range from conservative to aggressive, allowing for choices between subtle results with little downtime or dramatic results with longer downtime. Advantages of laser treatments, as compared to traditional medical and surgical treatments, include a longer lasting effect than some of the conservative therapies and the ability to serve as a happy medium between non-invasive topical medicine and invasive surgical techniques. For patients seekingnon-invasive alternatives, these modalities confer a major advantage over incisional surgery. Understanding appropriate usage, side effects, and outcomes is before treating functional and cosmetic issues. Here we present a review of current treatment modalities, their use, side effects, and outcomes.

Non-ablative controlled local hyperthermia for common warts

Cutaneous warts are common skin diseases caused by human papillomavirus （HPV） infection. The prevalence of cutaneous warts varied from 2.4%-12.9%, with common warts, planta warts and genital warts being the most common ones. About 67% of patients with warts might resolve spontaneously within 2 years, while in some patients warts persist for years. A cellular immune response is essential for the clearance of HPV. Treatment modalities are usually ablative.

Coupled fluid-thermal investigation on non-ablative thermal protection system with spiked body and opposing jet combined configuration

In this paper, a Non-Ablative Thermal Protection System(NATPS) with the spiked body and the opposing jet combined configuration is proposed to reduce the aerodynamic heating of the hypersonic vehicle, and the coupled fluid-thermal numerical analysis is performed to study the thermal control performance of the NATPS. The results show that the spiked body pushes the bow shock away from the protected structure and thus reduces the shock intensity and the wall heat flux. In addition, the low temperature gas of the opposing jet separates the high temperature gas behind the shock from the nose cone of the spiked body, ensuring the non-ablative property of the spiked body. Therefore, the NATPS reduces the aerodynamic heating by the reconfiguration of the flow field, and the thermal control efficiency of the system is better than the Thermal Protection System(TPS) with the single spiked body and the single opposing jet. The influencing factors of the NATPS are analyzed. Both increasing the length of the spiked body and reducing the total temperature of the opposing jet can improve the thermal control performance of the NATPS and the nonablative property of the spiked body. However, increasing the heat conductivity coefficient of the spiked body can enhance benefit the non-ablative property of the spiked body, but has little influence on the thermal control performance of the NATPS.