Sustainable Management of Rice Insect Pests by Non-Chemical-Insecticide Technologies in China

Chemical pesticides play crucial roles in the management of crop diseases and pests. However, excessive and irrational use of pesticides has become a major concern and obstacle to sustainable agriculture. As a result, the quality and security of agricultural products are reduced, and the ecological and environmental integrities are threatened. Recently, environment-friendly pest management measures have been introduced and adopted to manage rice insect pests and reduce the use of insecticides. This paper reviewed the advancements in development and application of non-chemical technologies for insect pest management during rice production in China.

Review of non-chemical weed management for green agriculture

This paper reviewed the background and situation for studying and developing non-chemical weed management.Environmental pressure and commissariat safety problems indicate that it is essential to deeply study and develop non-chemical weed management technologies.The paper summarized the pros and cons of the non-chemical weed management technologies in aspects of weed control by agronomic method,mechanical method,thermal treatment method,and biological treatment,discussed the defects of the existing non-chemical weeding methods,and put forward some suggestions:(1)The description on the experiments and operation of the non-chemical weeding technologies is suggested to be standardized in order to compare the performance of different weeding methods.Some important information on name of equipment,consumption capacity,working width,travel speed,and weed control levels should always be included in the experimental descriptions;(2)An integration of combinations or sequences of various weed control techniques is suggested to be used to reduce the risk of a selective pressure leading to the predominance of certain species;and(3)It is also suggested for further improvement of the existing weed control methods and further development of the weed detection technology originally developed for precision chemical application in order to use them in non-chemical weed management.

Spectral evolution of NIR luminescence in a Yb^(3+)-doped photonic crystal fiber prepared by non-chemical vapor deposition

Silica-based yb3＋-doped glass is prepared by non-chemical vapor deposition. The drawn photonic crystal fiber （PCF） has a strong absorption at 976 nm and emission wavelength of approximately 1 037 nm. The intensity and spectral lineshape of the near infrared （NIR） luminescence of the Yb3＋-doped PCF are recorded and discussed in terms of excitation power, excitation wavelength, fiber length, and Yba＋ ion concentration. The emission intensifies as the excitation power and Yb3＋ ion concentration increase. The intensity of the shorter wavelength side of the luminescence spectrum decreases as the length of the PCF increases.