The Emergence of Time from Quantum Information Dynamics

This paper presents a novel framework for understanding time as an emergent phenomenon arising from quantum information dynamics. We propose that the flow of time and its directional arrow are intrinsically linked to the growth of quantum complexity and the evolution of entanglement entropy in physical systems. By integrating principles from quantum mechanics, information theory, and holography, we develop a comprehensive theory that explains how time can emerge from timeless quantum processes. Our approach unifies concepts from quantum mechanics, general relativity, and thermodynamics, providing new perspectives on longstanding puzzles such as the black hole information paradox and the arrow of time. We derive modified Friedmann equations that incorporate quantum information measures, offering novel insights into cosmic evolution and the nature of dark energy. The paper presents a series of experimental proposals to test key aspects of this theory, ranging from quantum simulations to cosmological observations. Our framework suggests a deeply information-theoretic view of the universe, challenging our understanding of the nature of reality and opening new avenues for technological applications in quantum computing and sensing. This work contributes to the ongoing quest for a unified theory of quantum gravity and information, potentially with far-reaching implications for our understanding of space, time, and the fundamental structure of the cosmos.

Time-like geodesic structure of a spherically symmetric black hole in the brane-world

Recently Malihe Heydari-Fard obtained a spherically symmetric exterior black hole solution in the brane-world scenario, which can be used to explain the galaxy rotation curves without postulating dark matter. By analysing the particle effective potential, we have investigated the time-like geodesic structure of the spherically symmetric black hole in the brane-world. We mainly take account of how the cosmological constant α and the stellar pressure β affect the time-like geodesic structure of the black hole. We find that the radial particle falls to the singularity from a finite distance or plunges into the singularity, depending on its initial conditions. But the non-radial time-like geodesic structure is more complex than the radial case. We find that the particle moves on the bound orbit or stable （unstable） circle orbit or plunges into the singularity, or reflects to infinity, depending on its energy and initial conditions. By comparing the particle effective potential curves for different values of the stellar pressureβ and the cosmological constant α, we find that the stellar pressure parameter β does not affect the time-like geodesic structure of the black hole, but the cosmological constant a has an impact on its time-like geodesic structure.

Thermodynamics of DBI Black Holes in Anti-de Sitter Spacetime

Through the gauge field theory, we obtain the solution of the DBI-AdS black hole, In the meantime, according to the relations between the action and the grand partition function, we obtain the grand partition function in the DBI-AdS black hole. The temperature and the potential of the DBI-AdS black hole are gained from differential of the grand partition function. With the thermodynamic relations, other thermodynamics are also obtained. The solution and the thermodynamics of the DBI-AdS black hole are turned out that they can reduce to the case of a charged black hole in four-dimensional spacetimes.

A Frequency-Equivalent Scale-Free Derivation of the Neutron, Hydrogen Quanta, Planck Time, and a Black Hole from 2 and π;and Harmonic Fraction Power Laws

We find that π represents dual attributes. One is within the purely mathematical domain and can be derived for example, from infinite series, among several other methods. The other is within a 2D geometric-physical domain. This paper analyzes several physical constants from an analogous perspective where they are defined solely by mathematical and 2D geometric properties independent of any actual physical scaling data. The constants are evaluated as natural unit frequency equivalents of the neutron, electron, Bohr radius, Rydberg constant, Planck’s constant, Planck time, a Black hole with a Schwarzschild radius, the distance light travels in one time unit;and the fine structure constant. These constants are defined within two inter-related harmonic domains. In the linear domain, the ratios of the frequency equivalents of the Rydberg constant, Bohr radius, electron;and the fine structure constant are related to products of 2 and π. In the power law domain, their partial harmonic fraction powers, and the integer fraction powers of the fundamental frequency for Planck time are known. All of the constants are then derived at the point where a single fundamental frequency simultaneously fulfills both domains independent of any direct physical scale data. The derived values relative errors from the known values range from 10-3 to 10-1 supporting the concept and method.

The Relativity of Cosmic Time: The Universe Is a Black Hole

Up to now, cosmology metrics have been based on Einstein relativity, established in 1905. Hubble has discovered the correlation between redshift and distance. Cosmology interprets the redshift as an expansion effect a(t) through the ΛCDM model. We have proposed a new theory to explain Hubble law. The theory has been validated against observation data. It proposes a new approach of time which introduces the cosmic time tc. Cosmic time is an absolute reference to universe. It is zero at the edge with tc = 0, tc = T at the observer position and tc = s for any source between the edge and the observer, with T > s > 0. This theory acts like the relativity of space-time. The redshift is interpreted as a perspective parameter p(tc) = tc/T. Using gravitation, it is the Einstein effect applied to the uni-verse. This paper comments and interprets further consequences of this new theory. We emphasize the difference between duration (as usually used in classical cosmologic metrics) and the cosmic time tc as a notion of date. It induces two related effects: relativity of speed of light and time stretching. We explain why the cosmological standard model is not well suited to describe the Hubble law, to describe the universe. We also explain why gravitation and temperature increase when going from the center to the edge of the universe, when going from present to birth. The model has no use of black energy. As a consequence, the universe is seen as a black hole created by the cosmic time shock wave when tc = 0.

P-V Criticality of a Modified BTZ Black Hole in 2 + 1 Dimensional Intrinsic Time Quantum Gravity

Intrinsic time quantum geometrodynamics is a formulation of quantum gravity naturally adapted to 3 + 1 dimensions. In this paper we construct its analogous 2 + 1 formulation, taking note of the mathematical structures which are preserved. We apply the resulting construction to convert the BTZ black hole metric to ITQG framework. We then modify the BTZ black hole in order to investigate the existence of the P-V criticality in ITQG theory.

How Kieffer Density Matrix Formalism Aids Different Initial Time Steps, Leading to Lorentz Violations, and Breakup of Primordial Black Holes for GW Generation

A result from Kieffer, as outlined at the beginning of the article identifies two different candidates for initial time steps, delta t. We assert that this difference in time steps may be related to a specific early universe Lorentz Violation. The author asserts that the existence of early universe Lorentz violation in turn is assisting in a breakup of primordial black holes. And that also has a tie into Kieffer different time steps as outlined. And the wrap up is given in the final part of this document.

Gravitation in Flat Space-Time and Black Holes

Static, spherically symmetric bodies are studied by the use of flat space-time theory of gravitation. In empty space a singularity at a Euclidean distance from the centre can exist. But the radius of this singular sphere is smaller than the radius of the body. Hence, there is no event horizon, i.e. black holes do not exist. Escape of energy and information is possible. Flat space-time theory of gravitation and quantum mechanics do not contradict to one another.

不同刺孔时间和刺孔方式对黑木耳生长发育的影响

在浙江省内黑木耳“全日光”栽培模式下,开展不同刺孔时间和刺孔方式对黑木耳生长发育影响的试验,旨在为黑木耳精准化栽培提供技术支撑。结果表明,不同刺孔时间处理中,以10月中上旬进行刺孔的试验组菌丝恢复生长快、出耳整齐、污染率低、产量高;而在9月中下旬刺孔则表现较差。不同刺孔方式处理中,随着刺孔数量的增多,流耳率增高、产量降低;刺孔的孔径越大产量越高,且菌棒失水脱袋情况也越多。综合分析,黑木耳刺孔时间应选择10月中上旬,刺孔数230~270个、孔径0.5 cm为最佳刺孔方式。

延期时间对逐孔预裂爆破振动衰减规律的影响

为了获得逐孔预裂爆破的最优延期时间,基于Ansys/LS−Dyna有限元软件,结合现场实验研究了不同延期时间下逐孔预裂爆破的振动衰减规律,为实际工程应用提供了理论依据。结果表明:与齐发起爆相比,逐孔起爆可以有效地降低质点峰值振动速度(PPV),特别是预裂沟附近区域;随着延期时间的增大,萨道夫斯基公式的K值逐渐减小,而α值变化不大,当延期时间大于0.6T(T为单孔爆破振动持续时间)时,K与α的值趋于稳定,接近于单孔爆破;校正系数β与延期时间成反比,最优延期时间应为0.6T~1.0T;逐孔预裂成缝后对主爆区的减振率大于齐发预裂爆破。

船闸深孔反弧门实时在线监测技术应用研究

针对船闸输水系统工作反弧门长期在深孔动水条件下频繁启闭,给船闸安全运行造成安全隐患,提出一种深孔反弧门实时在线监测技术方案。为掌握深孔反弧门运行情况,将已密封好的应变及倾角等传感器布置在闸门上,再利用钢丝网架胶管将采集信号输送至在线监测系统。监测系统实时进行反弧门在线监测与数据显示,并实时分析结构应力、运行姿态及启闭力,根据分析结果,给出不同等级报警信息及相应的处置建议,提示运行操作人员对反弧门采取对应措施。对广西大藤峡水利枢纽船闸反弧门实施实时在线监测,测试数据表明实施的反弧门实时在线监测系统是可靠稳定的,证明将实时在线监测技术应用于深孔且动水频繁启闭的闸门是可行的。

孔洞缺陷对TC4切削加工影响的仿真研究

为研究孔洞缺陷对TC4材料切削加工的影响,使用有限元切削仿真方法对切削过程的应力应变、切屑形态和切削力特点和规律进行研究。通过热力耦合仿真、数据分析、时频分析等方法对含缺陷材料切削过程中的参数的研究,研究结果表明:位于切削路径上的缺陷,在切削完后缺陷处表面出现应力集中,位于切削路径上的缺陷处表面应力值相比无缺陷时明显减大;缺陷位于表层区域时,由于缺陷导致材料内部结构变化,切屑断裂,切屑形态剧烈变化;当缺陷位于切削路径上和表层区域时,切削至缺陷处时切削力发生突变,切削状态发生失稳,并且位于表层区域的缺陷对切削力的突变影响最大;最后通过Choi-Williams时频分析对含不同位置缺陷切削仿真得到的切削力信号进行分析,观察到不同位置缺陷情况下切削力波动的时频信号,判断缺陷的位置。

基于孔间直流电透视的煤层底板采动破坏电阻率时移变化规律与机理

煤层采动过程中,底板应力状态的改变会产生变形与破坏,而不同煤层采动过程中底板破坏具有一定的规律。目前基于直流电阻率法的煤层底板水害监测主要集中于底板变形与破坏的电阻率响应特征上。为了研究工作面回采过程中煤层底板的电性时移变化特征,采用孔间直流电透视观测系统和时移电阻率反射系数法,通过数值模拟和现场试验揭示了煤层底板采动破坏电阻率时移规律。首先,针对典型地电模型,对比单独反演和时移电阻率变化率的结果,验证了孔间直流电透视时移方法的可靠性。然后,针对煤层底板采动破坏,分析了采动过程中底板承压水导升与底板破坏带的电性响应规律与特征,并讨论了时移电阻率反射系数确定煤层底板破坏深度的可行性,为野外施工提供理论依据。最后,通过现场监测试验,获得工作面回采过程中煤层底板的电性变化特征,并采用时移电阻率反射系数R确定了工作面底板岩层的破坏深度为15 m。结果表明:利用孔间直流电透视法获得的煤层底板采动破坏电阻率时移特征可在一定程度上消除了监测数据中的地层因素和随机噪声影响,且时移电阻率反射系数可用来确定煤层底板破坏深度。该方法将探测目标从单一的研究地质异常转换到对煤层采动过程中工作面底板破坏的全生命周期动态监测,进而实现了工作面底板结构破坏的精细刻画。

露天矿深孔台阶爆破逐孔起爆参数的优化研究与应用

露天矿深孔台阶爆破常存在炸药单耗和大块及根底率偏高增加综合成本、爆堆松散度过小不利于铲装、爆破振动过大影响边坡稳定等问题。以多宝山露天矿深孔台阶控制爆破为工程依托,从理论上建立了逐孔起爆爆破引起的应力场解析式,确定了逐孔起爆的孔排距、最小底抗线和孔间延期时间;采用LS-DYNA软件对此爆破参数建立的模型爆破应力大小和破碎范围进行了分析,并在多宝山露天矿进行了6组不同爆破参数条件下的现场工业试验,确定了不同炸药单耗等爆破参数与块度、松散度的变化规律,验证并确定了优化的多宝山露天矿深孔台阶控制爆破参数。主要研究成果为:(1)在多宝山露天矿爆破的耦合装药条件下,通过逐孔起爆应力场的理论推导和分析,应力场分布和应力大小的影响仅限于前后两孔之间,孔间延期时间17 ms是比较合理的。(2)爆破现场爆堆和块度大小数据的收集可以通过无人机倾斜摄影技术和手机拍照进行,由此收集的数据分析获得的松散度和块度是有效合理的。(3)多宝山露天矿深孔台阶爆破,当炮孔直径为178 mm和孔间延期时间17 ms时,满足爆堆块度小于60 cm、松散度大于1.45铲装条件下的炸药单耗为0.60 kg/m^(3)、孔排距为7 m×5 m。

小模数齿轮传动的时变啮合刚度计算方法

小模数齿轮传动中心距较小,其动态性能对中心距误差非常敏感,且中间级齿轮常被设计在固定轴上高速旋转,齿轮中心孔与轴之间存在间隙,考虑这些特征,建立了中心距误差与轴孔配合间隙影响下的齿轮啮合特性参数与时变啮合刚度计算模型,研究了二者对啮合刚度的影响规律。研究结果表明:中心距误差会改变齿轮副的重合度与啮合刚度;轴孔配合间隙使实际中心距围绕理论中心距上下周期性波动,导致整个周期内啮合刚度强化区域与弱化区域共存;中心距误差与轴孔配合间隙的影响在不同的转角范围内存在既有相互叠加又有相互削弱的现象,这一现象使得各轮齿的啮合刚度有差异,存在诱发更大振动与不同噪声的风险。

金属矿山硬岩巷道分阶段掏槽爆破数值模拟研究

针对地下金属矿山深部硬岩强度高,掏槽难度大,掘进效率低下的问题,以首钢杏山地下铁矿巷道掘进项目为背景,基于数码电子雷管精准逐孔起爆,提出针对直眼桶形掏槽爆破的掏槽区孔内分段与孔间、孔内延时相结合的分阶段爆破方案。采用数值模拟以及现场试验方式,在现场原传统方案的基础上,对掏槽区炮孔进行孔内分段、孔间以及孔内微差起爆的分阶段起爆设置。通过LS-DYNA数值模拟软件建立掏槽区三维模型,设置了原传统方案和3种分阶段方案进行模拟计算,对比分析了原传统爆破方案和分阶段方案在掏槽区的有效应力峰值演化情况。数值模拟结果表明:采用孔间短延时分阶段爆破方案能够改变有效应力峰值波动形态,与原传统方案相比,掏槽区沿炮孔方向岩体的有效应力峰值状态提升40%~57%,炮孔底部0~30 cm半径岩体有效应力峰值状态提升幅度在84%~92%。在数值模拟结果的基础上,开展了现场试验验证,现场试验表明:在矿石点位掘进中,采用孔间短延时微差起爆能够改善碎石挤死的现象,采用孔内短延时微差起爆能够提高抛掷能力,改善上段炮孔爆破后产生碎石的抛掷效果,避免影响后续炮孔爆破,在硬岩爆破中二者结合可以明显改善爆破效果,掏槽进尺提高28%;在岩石点位掘进中,采用孔间短延时,孔内长延时设置能获得良好的掘进效果。

脉冲星与脉冲星计时阵

文章简要介绍脉冲星研究的历史以及利用脉冲星计时阵探测纳赫兹引力波的基本原理。人类正接近打开纳赫兹引力波的天文窗口,有望窥探伴随着星系形成的黑洞并合历史,甚至测量宇宙早期各种相变过程残留至今的引力波。

Time evolutions of scalar field perturbation in Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole from Einstein-scalar–Gauss–Bonnet theory

The scalar-free black hole could be unstable against the scalar field perturbation when it is coupled to a Gauss–Bonnet(GB)invariant in a special form.It is known that the tachyonic instability in this scenario is triggered by the sufficiently strong GB coupling.In this paper,we focus on the time domain analysis of massive scalar field perturbation around the Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole in Einstein-scalar–Gauss–Bonnet gravity.By analyzing the scalar field propagation,we find that the scalar field will finally grow when the GB coupling is large enough.This could lead to the instability of the background black hole.Furthermore,we demonstrate how the mass of the scalar field and the GB coupling strength affect the onset of tachyonic instability.

地应力监测孔钻进效率统计与分析研究

随着地应力监测台站的不断建设,地应力监测孔钻探施工技术在实践中不断得到改进。本文简要介绍了地应力监测孔的钻探技术要求、钻探设备选型及钻进工艺,对施工完成的地应力监测孔的钻进时间和钻进效率进行了系统的统计和分析。通过分析研究,总结了影响地应力监测孔钻进效率的几个因素,包括监测孔选址、钻进过程管理、钻进工艺和试验配合等。并针对这些影响因素,提出了通过强化钻进过程管理、利用技术套管和分级扩孔等关键技术、加强开孔和测斜等重要环节的技术管理、做好试验配合等措施提高钻进效率的建议,为今后实施类似钻探工程项目提高钻进效率提供了参考依据。

三峡大坝深孔工作闸门流激振动特性研究

为深入探究三峡大坝深孔弧形工作闸门运行时的流激振动特性,对其进行了原型观测研究。结果表明:在闸门启闭动态运行时,其动位移极值和加速度极值都相对较小,振动较小;在启门、停门瞬间,闸门的动位移极值和加速度极值都明显增大,振动较大;当闸门开度在0.6~0.7时,闸门发生了强迫振动;1号、12号深孔弧形闸门在运行时都不同程度受到了流激振动的影响,但都属于微小或中等振动,处于安全范围内。相关成果可供大坝安全运行管理及闸门设计制造参考。