The formations of many mesothermal gold-quartz deposits are closely re1ated with fluid pressure. In the course of ore-forming of gold deposits, fractures act as values, promoting cyclic fluctuations in fIuid pressure ...The formations of many mesothermal gold-quartz deposits are closely re1ated with fluid pressure. In the course of ore-forming of gold deposits, fractures act as values, promoting cyclic fluctuations in fIuid pressure from lithostatic to hydrostatic values. Once the fluid pressure satisfies the condition of hydrofracture: P- q>T, the cracks undergo fracturing and extension. By hydrofracturing, the pre-existing fau1ts reactivate, forming steep or flat dipping shear zones. At the same time, deposition within fau1t veins is attributed to the immediate postfailure discharge phase.Fault self-sealing leads to reaccumulation of fluid pressure and a repetition of the cycle, During fracturing, many structures are formed, such as, banded compound veins, breccia that can be pieced together, and massive quartz veins in the Haopinggou and Woxi gold-quartz deposits.展开更多
Failure pressure is a key parameter in reservoir hydrofracturing operation. Existing analytical methods for calculating the failure pressure are based on the assumption that borehole fluid is under two extreme conditi...Failure pressure is a key parameter in reservoir hydrofracturing operation. Existing analytical methods for calculating the failure pressure are based on the assumption that borehole fluid is under two extreme conditions: non-infiltration or complete infiltration. The assumption is not suitable for the actual infiltration process, and this will cause a great error in practical calculation. It shows that during the injection process, the dynamic variation in effective stress-dependent permeability has an influence on the infiltration, and the influence also brings about calculation errors. Based on the fluid-structure interaction and finite element method (FEM), considering partial infiltration during injection process, a numerical model for calculating rock failure pressure is established. According to the analysis of permeability test results and response-surface method, a new variation rule of rock permeability with the change of effective stress is presented, and the relationships among the permeability, confining pressure and pore pressure are proposed. There are some differences between the dynamic value of permeability-effective-stress coefficient observed herein and the one obtained by the classical theory. Combining with the numerical model and the dynamic permeability, a coupling method for calculating failure pressure is developed. Comparison of field data and calculated values obtained by various methods shows that accurate values can be obtained by the coupling method. The coupling method can be widely applied to the calculation of failure pressure of reservoirs and complex wells to achieve effective fracturing operation.展开更多
讨论了NH4Cl-NaNO2-草酸微胶囊(反应催化剂)生热体系与羟丙基瓜尔胶压裂液的配伍性.研究结果表明,草酸微胶囊、破胶剂、生热剂等与压裂液复配后,压裂液的初始黏度有所降低,在170 s 1下剪切2 h后黏度能保持在300 mPa·s左右,体系的...讨论了NH4Cl-NaNO2-草酸微胶囊(反应催化剂)生热体系与羟丙基瓜尔胶压裂液的配伍性.研究结果表明,草酸微胶囊、破胶剂、生热剂等与压裂液复配后,压裂液的初始黏度有所降低,在170 s 1下剪切2 h后黏度能保持在300 mPa·s左右,体系的稳定性及抗剪切性能都保持较好,说明微胶囊包裹化学生热体系与该压裂液有很好的配伍性.展开更多
文摘The formations of many mesothermal gold-quartz deposits are closely re1ated with fluid pressure. In the course of ore-forming of gold deposits, fractures act as values, promoting cyclic fluctuations in fIuid pressure from lithostatic to hydrostatic values. Once the fluid pressure satisfies the condition of hydrofracture: P- q>T, the cracks undergo fracturing and extension. By hydrofracturing, the pre-existing fau1ts reactivate, forming steep or flat dipping shear zones. At the same time, deposition within fau1t veins is attributed to the immediate postfailure discharge phase.Fault self-sealing leads to reaccumulation of fluid pressure and a repetition of the cycle, During fracturing, many structures are formed, such as, banded compound veins, breccia that can be pieced together, and massive quartz veins in the Haopinggou and Woxi gold-quartz deposits.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50774064)
文摘Failure pressure is a key parameter in reservoir hydrofracturing operation. Existing analytical methods for calculating the failure pressure are based on the assumption that borehole fluid is under two extreme conditions: non-infiltration or complete infiltration. The assumption is not suitable for the actual infiltration process, and this will cause a great error in practical calculation. It shows that during the injection process, the dynamic variation in effective stress-dependent permeability has an influence on the infiltration, and the influence also brings about calculation errors. Based on the fluid-structure interaction and finite element method (FEM), considering partial infiltration during injection process, a numerical model for calculating rock failure pressure is established. According to the analysis of permeability test results and response-surface method, a new variation rule of rock permeability with the change of effective stress is presented, and the relationships among the permeability, confining pressure and pore pressure are proposed. There are some differences between the dynamic value of permeability-effective-stress coefficient observed herein and the one obtained by the classical theory. Combining with the numerical model and the dynamic permeability, a coupling method for calculating failure pressure is developed. Comparison of field data and calculated values obtained by various methods shows that accurate values can be obtained by the coupling method. The coupling method can be widely applied to the calculation of failure pressure of reservoirs and complex wells to achieve effective fracturing operation.
文摘讨论了NH4Cl-NaNO2-草酸微胶囊(反应催化剂)生热体系与羟丙基瓜尔胶压裂液的配伍性.研究结果表明,草酸微胶囊、破胶剂、生热剂等与压裂液复配后,压裂液的初始黏度有所降低,在170 s 1下剪切2 h后黏度能保持在300 mPa·s左右,体系的稳定性及抗剪切性能都保持较好,说明微胶囊包裹化学生热体系与该压裂液有很好的配伍性.
