On the Development Strategy of Internationalization of Non-governmental Higher Education

The integration of global economic and society information makes the traditional education and means of education have been changing for thousands of years, which never appear before. The internationalization of higher education has become the true fact. The non-governmental colleges has become the important part of higher education as a new power and abiding by the trend of internationalization of higher education just like the public colleges. Therefore they need to enhance the cultural exchange and cooperation with international universities and orientate their talent training mode in the international competition and even take the charge of flexible operation mechanism to pave the new way for their own characteristics and core competence.

An Analysis of UNESCO's Role In The Development of Higher Education Policy Around The Globe

In recent years,Globalization enhances the development of education and corporation between higher education organizations.Being part of international organization involved in education policy-making,UNESCO has play an indispensable role in the enhancement of higher education.Present essay introduces the structures and working patterns of UNESCO and its role in accelerating the formulation of higher education policy.Meanwhile,limitations and challenged UNESCO confronted are also provided to give a detailed analysis of the role UNESCO plays in higher education.

Invasion or Construction-A Brief Introduction on Trump Immigration Policy in Higher Education Circles

The new immigration policies introduced by Trump administration have saturated the world's screens,which have gained a mixed reception from the higher education circles amid considerable controversy,exacerbating the plight of the brain drains,hurting the enthusiasm of those who have a strong desire to live in the USA,particularly the college leavers,and triggering a decline in the quality of education for foreign students,which could be a game-changer in the competition pattern of higher education and loom large.On this occasion,in matters of China,some more robust methodologies are to jump at the chance,attract qualified personnel and present some more aggressive human resources strategies.

Higher Education Admission Policy and Social Class of Ethnic Minority:The Case of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minority Candidates(PBSEMC)has been issued,whose,however,effectiveness in promoting upward social class has not been adequately empirically explored.The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis based on cross-sectional data,which is distinct from the traditional DID analysis paradigm,was implemented to assess the Reform of PBSEMC in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1988.The results showed that PBSEMC had a significant and positive impact on the social classes of ethnic minorities,and gender,residence type and occupation type were also relevant to social class,aligning with the previous literature.The PBSEMC is effective in improving the social classes of ethnic minorities.However,the PBSEMC policy should be made more precise,in order to benefit the candidates who are in genuine need of assistance.

WATER CONSERVATION: OBSERVATIONS FROM A HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITY MANAG EMENT P ERSP ECTIVE

Sustainable or green building practices have been adopted by most higher educa-tion institutions for their new campus buildings,major renovations and daily oper-ations.This paper provides a synthesis of opinions and existing practices related to water conservation in institutional green buildings of member institutions of APPA(formerly the Association of Physical Plant Administrators).A specific focus regard-ing waterless urinals and their operation was attempted.A web-based survey and follow-up one-to-one interviews were utilized to extract information and data from these industry professionals.The survey evaluated the institution’s use of policy related to sustainable building practices and focused on their approaches to water conservation.Regional preferences are provided and barriers to some water conser-vation practices and approaches have been identified.Operational challenges are evident,particularly as they relate to waterless urinals.It is clear that higher educa-tion institutions are engaging in water conservation practices across Canada and the United States.This work contributes to a foundation for future research and analysis related to best-management practices for water conservation in the higher education sector.

Financial Sustainability Among Higher Education Institutions in the United States

This article explores the challenges of financial sustainability faced by higher education institutions in the United States.Against a backdrop of stringent state and federal regulations coupled with a decline in financial support,institutions are grappling with a shifting landscape.The paper delves into the intricacies of state regulations and funding policies,highlighting their impact on educational establishments.Furthermore,strategies for financial sustainability,including student attraction and retention,are discussed.The article concludes by underscoring the duality of regulations as both challenges and essential resources,suggesting a potential shift towards greater autonomy and a reshaping of the educational landscape in response to modern challenges.

Comparison of Curriculum Settings and Academic Freedom in the Higher Education Systems of China and India

This study conducts a comparative analysis of curriculum settings and academic freedom within the higher education systems of China and India.It explores the differences and similarities in curriculum structures,the extent of academic freedom,and the influencing factors such as politics,economy,society,and culture.The research reveals that while both countries value academic freedom,the practical implementation varies significantly due to differing political and social contexts.China’s curriculum is characterized by a more structured and specialized approach,whereas India emphasizes flexibility and diversity.The study also highlights the impact of globalization and the need for international cooperation in higher education.Policy recommendations are provided to enhance curriculum diversity,protect academic freedom,balance resource distribution,and strengthen international collaboration.The limitations of the study include data constraints and the dynamic nature of educational policies,suggesting areas for future research such as long-term policy impact and interdisciplinary education.

Enterprising Academics:Heterarchical Policy Networks for Artificial Intelligence in British Higher Education

Purpose:There is limited scholarship on artificial intelligence(AI)in higher education governance,despite the growing prevalence of AI-powered technologies in many fields,including education.However,as the technology is still nascent and has yet to reach its full potential,ideas and arguments abound,championing or cautioning against the use of these technologies.Design/Approach/Methods:To fill this gap in research on policy networks and AI in British higher education,this article employs network ethnography and discourse analysis to study how ideas about AI-powered technologies in higher education circulate in policy networks in the United Kingdom.Findings:The findings evidence a policy network showing signs of a heterarchy permeated by neoliberal rationales and populated by policy actors actively promoting artificial intelligence technologies to be used in education.Originality/Value:This paper builds on existing research by looking at the university and notfor-profit sectors,in addition to the governmental and educational technology sectors.Using network ethnography,this article expands our understanding of the policy actors involved and critically analyzes ideas regarding the use of AI in education.

Policy-Driven Development and the Strategic Initiative of One-Million Enrollment Expansion in China’s Higher Vocational Education

Purpose:This article explores the relationship between governmental policy and the development of higher vocational education in China.Design/Approach/Methods:The article begins with a textual analysis of dozens of policy documents on higher vocational education issued by the Chinese government since 1999.Findings:The article argues that the development of higher vocational education in China has been largely policy-driven.This development can be divided into four stages:scale development,quality improvement,capacity building,and systemwide enhancement.The transition between each of these developmental stages was marked by new policy initiatives undertaken by the Chinese government.Originality/Value:The government’s recent efforts to expand higher vocational education enrollment by one million students have significant implications for China’s higher vocational education.Additionally,the proposed“1 + X”model—which attaches equal importance to academic education and skill training—may represent the beginning of a new stage in the development of higher vocational education in China.

EVALUATING INSTITUTIONAL GREEN BUILDING POLICIES:A Mixed-Methods Approach

Sustainable or green building practices have been adopted recently by many higher education institutions for their new campus buildings and major renovations.To date,no formal study has been conducted to determine if policy is essential for sustainable building practices and the implementation of LEED®for these institutional green buildings in North America.A mixed-methods approach consisting of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews was undertaken with senior facility professionals at higher education institutions in North America.The survey evalu-ated the institution’s use of a policy,guideline,standard,law or goal related to sustainable building practices and the interview identified specific practices as well as issues such as leadership,policy compliance and barriers to adopting sustainable building policies.This paper provides a framework for an institutional sustainable building policy that is suitable to use as a template for senior facility professionals and their specific policy development.This work contrib-utes to a foundation for future research related to sustainable/green building policy development and its application to the higher education sector.

A Review of the Policies on the Private Colleges of China

One of the most important factors impacting the development of today’s private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support it.Then,the history of private higher education in Nanjing Nationalist Government （19271949） is focused on.

Higher Education for International Students in China:A Review of Policy From 1978 to 2020

Purpose:By reviewing policies on higher education for international students,this article aims to investigate the change of social-historical context,policy issue,and policy solution and provide implications for policymaking.Design/Approach/Methods:The study used qualitative text analysis.One hundred and twelve policy papers were collected from the PKULAW database and the Ministry of Education official website.Deductive categories were constructed under themes like social-historical context,policy issue,and policy solution separately.Findings:Four stages have emerged from the text analysis.The policy focus witnessed a shift from openness to expansion and then to quality.The policies made by the central government changed a lot accordingly.China is increasingly active in higher education internationalization and eager to make the education for international students an attractive brand with high quality.To realize this target,policies should be made based on different types of international students.Additionally,it is necessary that policies provide detailed guidance and accelerate capacity building in all majors.Originality/Value:This study contributes to existing knowledge of higher education for international students in China by providing qualitative policy text analysis,and the insights gained from this study may be of assistance to policymaking in the future.

Scientific Initiation： Meanings and Peculiarities of Public Policy in Brazil

This paper aims to analyze the Scientific Initiation （SI） as public policy of higher education in Brazil, from meanings and peculiarities of this device in the undergraduate academic＇s formation, created jointly with the National Research Council in 1951 currently National Council for Scientific and Technological Development （CNPq）. This corporation emerged from the recognition of the strategic importance of science and necessity of institutionalization of encouragement and fostering research. This is a theoretical bibliographical study and documentary that evidences the contributions and limits of SI while political science training should be part of academic activities to provide the development and support of investigative spirit. The concept of SI was established in universities as an activity to be developed in order to encourage the student to become familiar with scientific practices. The study concluded that SI is based on institutionalized norms within higher education to foster the development of science, and it is considered as an important strategy of expansion of graduate studies in Brazil.

中国民办高等教育制度何以变迁——一个多元动力的分析框架

通过对中国民办高等教育制度演变脉络的审视,可以发现整体性分析制度变迁动力是正确把握民办高等教育制度发展的关键所在。从历史制度主义理论出发,提炼出环境与观念、法治与权力结构、关键节点与行动者、制度稳定与变革循环等主要因素,以建构中国民办高等教育制度变迁的多元动力分析框架,由此发现:环境与理念变化综合性驱动制度变迁,宏观法制与权力结构变化主导性驱动制度变迁,历史关键节点及行动者选择变化加速性驱动制度变迁,制度稳定与变革变化则循环性驱动制度变迁;在不同历史阶段,各动力变量遵循各自的制度逻辑展开互动,共同推动中国民办高等教育制度变迁。

我国应用型高等教育发展的政策演进、基本范式与优化理路

新中国成立后,通过社会主义改造,我国高等教育体系不断完善,内部结构逐渐丰富。多溪流理论认为,问题溪流、政策溪流和政治溪流是促进政策调整的重要因素,当这些原本分离的因素在关键时间节点汇聚到一起,就会促进“政策之窗”的打开。依据这一分析框架,社会主义革命和建设时期的院系调整、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期的高职发展,以及中国特色社会主义新时代的地方普通本科高校转型发展、独立学院转设、本科层次职业学校的新建等重大政策的调整,都是高等教育外部和内部多重因素共同作用的结果,从而形成了我国应用型高等教育同体分化、纵向延伸、异质同构等基本范式。在奋进新征程中,要着力解决应用型高等教育发展过程中产生的新问题,持续推进应用型本科高校建设,明确各层次应用型高校的使命任务,规范应用型高校名称,构建应用型人才培养体系,从而形成中国特色应用型高等教育体系。

京津冀高等教育协同发展政策分析与优化

京津冀协同发展于2014年上升为国家战略,高等教育协同发展作为重要组成部分是经济社会发展的重要战略支撑力量。由于协同发展通过三地政府主导,实现了一些资源共享与交流,但面临着协同政策缺位和衔接不畅、体制机制掣肘与发展路径不明确,合作成效明显滞后于其他领域,对区域服务支撑能力没有充分发挥。回溯十多年来的政策实践,探索京津冀高等教育协同发展政策优化依据、优化方向及政策优化路径,为京津冀高等教育协同发展政策执行,提供保障和决策依据。

高等教育信息化政策执行是否促进了高等教育“提质增效”——基于双重差分法的实证研究

高等教育信息化是我国教育信息化适应新时代发展的创新力量,是教育信息化出经验、出典型、出成绩的重要领域。高等教育信息化政策执行效果关系着其政策目标能否如期实现,影响着高等教育信息化建设能否推动高等教育“提质增效”。基于政策网络理论分析框架,通过双重差分法,可以探寻高等教育信息化政策执行对高等教育质量提升的作用与影响机制。实证研究结果表明:高等教育信息化政策执行对高等教育质量水平提高有促进效应,但是政策网络结构因素和政策执行主体因素对高等教育质量提升的中介效应呈现复杂变化。因此,增强高等教育信息化政策执行效果,就要从进一步优化高等教育信息化政策网络生态,加强高等教育信息化政策网络行动者互动,发挥高等教育信息化政策网络执行主体角色作用等方面着力。

普及化阶段高等教育公平政策的国际演进——可持续发展的视角

全球高等教育正加速迈向普及化,这一趋势为各国高等教育公平政策带来新的挑战。立足可持续发展视角,对高等教育公平政策较成熟的先进国家和地区进行比较研究具有重要意义。相比大众化时期,普及化阶段的各国高等教育公平政策在政策目标、价值导向、公平原则、参与主体、招生政策、资助政策以及策略手段上均有相似的转型趋势,但在具体路径的选择上各国则根据本国实际发展和人民需求做出多样化调整。我国高等教育公平政策多年来与可持续发展理念保持着较高程度的契合,走出了独具特色的创新发展之路,但在保持政策制定和执行的稳定性、保障资金的分配公平、提高高等教育服务的个性化与精细化、推动从入口到出口的全过程公平等方面可以更好地借鉴国际经验,进一步推动高等教育公平政策在普及化阶段的可持续演进。

“1+X”背景下高职院校教师教学能力提升路径研究

文章围绕“1+X”政策背景下我国高职院校教师教学能力提升的路径进行了深入研究。首先,文章分析了“1+X”政策的背景和定义,着重探讨了其对高职教育带来的深刻影响。随后,通过调研当前高职院校教师的教学现状,指出了在教学模式和资源配置等方面存在的问题与挑战。文章进一步阐述了教学能力提升的必要性,强调其对提高教育质量和满足行业需求的重要性。在探讨教学能力提升路径时,文章提出了包括有效教学方法的研究、教师专业发展途径及技术与创新在教学中的应用等方面的建议。最后,文章强调了高职院校在教师教学能力提升方面应采取的具体措施,如加强校企合作、创新教学方法,以及利用现代技术提升教育效果。通过这些措施,高职院校可以更好地适应“1+X”政策的要求,提高教育质量,培养符合社会和产业需求的高素质技术技能人才。

高职教育类专业人才培养与服务模式转型研究

在社会综合改革大趋势下,高等职业教育要适应经济社会转型发展,结合用人需求和自身办学条件,调整专业人才培养的方向与路径。对于高职教育类专业而言,办好与基础教育相衔接的艺术教育,是适应形势、满足人才艺术修养提升和艺术教育应用人才需求的举措。从学校发展的角度,实现资源的优化配置,最大限度地利用现有条件,拓宽人才培养路径。