Better understanding of c-reactive protein and leukocytes in psychiatric inpatients with affective disorders:A biopsychosocial approach

BACKGROUND Affective disorders(AD)have been linked to inflammatory processes,although the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are still not fully elucidated.It is hypothesized that demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality variables predict inflammatory parameters in AD.AIM To identify biopsychosocial factors contributing to inflammation in AD measured with two parameters,C-reactive protein(CRP)and leukocytes.METHODS This observational study investigated 186 hospital inpatients diagnosed with AD using demographic parameters,serum inflammatory markers,somatic variables,psychological questionnaires,and lifestyle parameters.Hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict inflammatory markers from demographic,somatic,lifestyle,and personality variables.RESULTS Analyses showed that 33.8%of the variance of CRP was explained by body mass index and other somatic medication(e.g.anti-diabetics),age and education,and age of affective disorder diagnosis.For leukocytes,20.1%of the variance was explained by smoking,diet,metabolic syndrome(MetS),and anti-inflammatory medication(e.g.non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).Other psychiatric or behavioural variables did not reach significance.CONCLUSION Metabolic components seem important,with mounting evidence for a metabolic affective disorder subtype.Lifestyle modifications and psychoeducation should be employed to prevent or treat MetS in AD.

Impaired implicit emotion regulation in patients with panic disorder:An event-related potential study on affect labeling

BACKGROUND Panic disorder(PD)involves emotion dysregulation,but its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Previous research suggests that implicit emotion regulation may play a central role in PD-related emotion dysregulation and symptom maintenance.However,there is a lack of studies exploring the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD using neurophysiological indicators.AIM To study the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD with eventrelated potentials(ERP).METHODS A total of 25 PD patients and 20 healthy controls(HC)underwent clinical evaluations.The study utilized a case-control design with random sampling,selecting participants for the case group from March to December 2018.Participants performed an affect labeling task,using affect labeling as the experimental condition and gender labeling as the control condition.ERP and behavioral data were recorded to compare the late positive potential(LPP)within and between the groups.RESULTS Both PD and HC groups showed longer reaction times and decreased accuracy under the affect labeling.In the HC group,late LPP amplitudes exhibited a dynamic pattern of initial increase followed by decrease.Importantly,a significant group×condition interaction effect was observed.Simple effect analysis revealed a reduction in the differences of late LPP amplitudes between the affect labeling and gender labeling conditions in the PD group compared to the HC group.Furthermore,among PD patients under the affect labeling,the late LPP was negatively correlated with disease severity,symptom frequency,and intensity.CONCLUSION PD patients demonstrate abnormalities in implicit emotion regulation,hampering their ability to mobilize cognitive resources for downregulating negative emotions.The late LPP amplitude in response to affect labeling may serve as a potentially valuable clinical indicator of PD severity.

Different Approaches to Reduce Salinity in Salt-Affected Soils and Enhancing Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants

Salt stress is one of the most harmful environmental stresses in recent times and represents a significant threat to food security. Soil salinization is caused by spontaneous natural processes of mineral dissolution and human activities such as inappropriate irrigation practices. Natural geological progressions like weathering of rocks, arid climate, and higher evaporation, as well as anthropogenic activities, including the use of brackish water for irrigation, and poor tillage operations, are the foremost causes of soil salinization. Typical characteristics of saline soils are salt stress, high pH, and lack of organic carbon, as well as low availability of nutrients. Disruption of precipitation patterns as well as high average annual temperatures due to climate change additionally negatively affects the process of soil salinization. Productivity and ability to support crop growth are reduced on saline soil. Salinity-induced stress reduces plant growth by modulating the antioxidative system and nutrient orchestration. The aim of this work is to show that the mentioned problems can be alleviated in several ways such as the addition of biochar, exogenous application of several elicitors, seed priming, etc. Research has shown that the addition of biochar can significantly improve the recovery of saline soil. The addition of biochar has no significant effect on soil pH, while the cation exchange capacity of the soil increased by 17%, and the electrical conductivity of the saturated paste extract decreased by 13.2% (depends on the initial salinity and the type of biochar raw material). Moreover, biochar enriched with silicon increases the resistance of bananas to salt stress. In addition, exogenous application of several elicitors helps plants to alleviate stress by inducing stress-related physicochemical and molecular changes (selenium, sulfur, silicon, salicylic acid). Finally, seed priming showed positive effects on metabolomics, proteomics and growth of plants subjected to abiotic stress. Priming usually involves immersing the seed in a solution for a period of time to induce physiological and metabolic progression prior to germination.

Low risk of postoperative ulnar nerve affection in surgically treated distal humeral fractures when the nerve is released in situ

BACKGROUND Adult distal humeral fractures(DHF)comprise 2%-5%of all fractures and 30%of all elbow fractures.Treatment of DHF may be technically demanding due to fracture complexity and proximity of neurovascular structures.Open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF)are often the treatment of choice,but arthroplasty is considered in case of severe comminution or in elderly patients with poor bone quality.Ulnar nerve affection following surgical treatment of distal humerus fractures is a well-recognized complication.AIM To report the risk of ulnar nerve affection after surgery for acute DHFs.METHODS We retrospectively identified 239 consecutive adult patients with acute DHFs who underwent surgery with ORIF,elbow hemiarthroplasty(EHA)or total elbow arthroplasty(TEA)between January 2011 and December 2019.In all cases,the ulnar nerve was released in situ without anterior transposition.We used our institutional database to review patients’medical records for demographics,fracture morphology,type of surgery and ulnar nerve affection immediately;records were reviewed after surgery and at 2 wk and 12 wk of routine clinical outpatient follow-up.Twenty-nine percent patients were excluded due to pre-or postoperative conditions.Final follow-up examination was a telephone interview in which ulnar nerve affection was reported according to the McGowen Classification Score.A total of 210 patients were eligible for interview,but 13 patients declined participation and 17 patients failed to respond.Thus,180 patients were included.RESULTS Mean age at surgery was 64 years(range 18-88 years);121(67.3%)patients were women;59(32.7%)were men.According to the AO/OTA classification system,we recorded 47 patients with type A3,55 patients with type B and 78 patients with type C fractures.According to the McGowen Classification Score,mild ulnar nerve affection was reported in nine patients;severe affection,in two.A total of 69 patients were treated with ORIF of whom three had mild temporary ulnar nerve affection and one had severe ulnar nerve affection.In all,111 patients were treated with arthroplasty(67 EHA,44 TEA)of whom seven had mild ulnar nerve affection and one had severe persistent ulnar nerve affection.No further treatment was provided.CONCLUSION The risk of ulnar nerve affection after surgical treatment for acute DHF is low when the ulnar nerve is released in situ without nerve transposition,independently of the treatment provided.

Validation of the Chinese Version of the Affective Exercise Experiences Questionnaire (AFFEXX-C)

Despite the well-established benefits of regular physical activity(PA)on health,a large proportion of the world population does not achieve the recommended level of regular PA.Although affective experiences toward PA may play a key role to foster a sustained engagement in PA,they have been largely overlooked and crudely measured in the existing studies.To address this shortcoming,the Affective Exercise Experiences(AFFEXX)questionnaire has been developed to measure such experiences.Specifically,this questionnaire was developped to assess the following three domains:antecedent appraisals(e.g.,liking vs.disliking exercise in groups),core affective exercise experiences(i.e.,pleasure vs.displeasure,energy vs.tiredness,and calmness vs.tension),and exercise motivation(i.e.,attraction vs.antipathy toward exercise).The current study aimed to validate a Chinese version of the AFFEXX questionnaire(AFFEXX-C).In study 1,722 Chinese college students provided data for analyses of factorial,convergent,discriminant,criterion validity,and test-retest reliability of the AFFEXX-C.In addition,1,300 college students were recruited in study 2 to further validate its structural model.Results showed that the AFFEXX-C demonstrates a goodfit and reliability.Additionally,results further supported the hypothesized model based on previous research:antecedent appraisals predicted core affective exercise experiences,which in turn predicted attraction-antipathy toward physical exercise.The AFFEXX-C was found to be a reliable and valid measure of affective exercise experiences in a population of Chinese college students.

Multi-Versus Optimization with Deep Reinforcement Learning Enabled Affect Analysis on Arabic Corpus

Sentiment analysis(SA)of the Arabic language becomes important despite scarce annotated corpora and confined sources.Arabic affect Analysis has become an active research zone nowadays.But still,the Arabic language lags behind adequate language sources for enabling the SA tasks.Thus,Arabic still faces challenges in natural language processing(NLP)tasks because of its structure complexities,history,and distinct cultures.It has gained lesser effort than the other languages.This paper developed a Multi-versus Optimization with Deep Reinforcement Learning Enabled Affect Analysis(MVODRL-AA)on Arabic Corpus.The presented MVODRL-AAmodelmajorly concentrates on identifying and classifying effects or emotions that occurred in the Arabic corpus.Firstly,the MVODRL-AA model follows data pre-processing and word embedding.Next,an n-gram model is utilized to generate word embeddings.A deep Q-learning network(DQLN)model is then exploited to identify and classify the effect on the Arabic corpus.At last,the MVO algorithm is used as a hyperparameter tuning approach to adjust the hyperparameters related to the DQLN model,showing the novelty of the work.A series of simulations were carried out to exhibit the promising performance of the MVODRL-AA model.The simulation outcomes illustrate the betterment of the MVODRL-AA method over the other approaches with an accuracy of 99.27%.

A Bifactor Analysis Approach to Construct Validity and Reliability of the Affective Exercise Experience Questionnaire among Chinese College Students

Affective exercise experience as an emerging theoretical concept has great potential to provide a more nuanced understanding of individual factors that influence exercise behavior.However,concerning the Affective Exercise Experiences(AFFEXX)questionnaire,it has not been examined yet whether the structural score of the AFFEXX is a useful index to predict physical activity(refers to any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure).Furthermore,there is currently a gap in knowledge regarding the psychological mechanisms that can explain the relationship between affective exercise experiences and the level of physical activity(PA).In order to adress these gaps in the literature,we conducted two studies among Chinese collge students that aimed(i)to investigated whether the total score of the three AFFEXX-C constructs(antecedent appraisals,core affective exercise experiences,and attraction-antipathy towards exercise)is a relaible indicator that can be utilized in research and pratical settings and(ii)to evalute the specific psychological mechanisms that can explain the relationship between affective exercise experience and PA.In Study 1,we recruited 801 voluntary Chinese college students for bifactor and correlational analyses.In Study 2,875 Chinese college students were enrolled to verify our findings from Study 1 and to explore the aforementioned mechanism.Results from the bifactor analyses supported our hypothesis that the total scores of the three AFFEXX-C constructs can be used among Chinese college students to establish a link with PA.Additionally,our results suggested that core affective exercise experiences and attraction-antipathy mediated the relationship between antecedent appraisals and the level of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA.Therefore,measuring affective exercise experiences using the AFFEXX-C,specifically the total scores of each individual construct may be a useful approach to predict future PA levels.

Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques

This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care.

Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques

This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care.

Welding Effect at the Heat Affected Zone by Joining a Gray Cast Iron with Stainless Steel E308-16

Different investigations of the union of dissimilar materials such as stainless steel and different castings have been carried out, but rapid cooling immediately after welding has not been considered, in this work it was investigated how rapid cooling affects the metallurgical microstructure and consequently the mechanical properties. The effect of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint between dissimilar metals, an E-308-16 austenitic stainless steel and Gray Cast Iron was also analyzed. Gray cast iron samples (GCI) were fabricated, welded and cooled. The main welding parameters studied in this work are the welding technique and the type of filler electrodes. Flux-coated electrode E-308-16 was applied for this different joint. An experimental study was carried out for the analysis of welded joints of similar and dissimilar steels. The microstructure of the welded joints was analyzed using an optical microscope, in the base metals, heat affected zone (HAZ) and filler metal. The mechanical properties of the welded joints were evaluated by Vickers microhardness and tensile strength tests. The hardness profile showed differences in hardness between the base metals, the heat affected zone and the filler metal. The metallurgical microstructures observed along the welded areas corresponded to the profile. The hardness differences determined the effect on the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the welded samples as a result of the cooling rate differences. This research work is important because it allows us to analyze the possibility of reworking pieces of dissimilar materials by welding or, failing that, to determine if this may or may not be possible.

混合式教学模式下影响学生学科成绩的因素分析——以医学免疫学课程为例

随着信息技术快速发展,混合式教学模式逐渐成为多数高校的主流教学模式。如何评价学生的学习成效,分析影响学生成绩的因素,是该教学模式的重点研究方向。本文以新乡医学院医学免疫学课程混合式教学为例,介绍混合式教学的实施过程和评价体系,分析影响学生成绩和学习成效的主要因素,着重探讨形成性评价和“翻转课堂”对学生学科成绩的影响。

微量元素对超大线能量EH36船板热影响区粗晶区组织和性能的影响

通过焊接热模拟研究了在超大线能量下焊接时Al元素、Mg元素和Ti元素含量对EH36高强船板钢热影响区粗晶区组织、性能的影响规律,采用Thermo-Calc热力学计算与SEM,EDS测试相结合的方法揭示了Al元素、Mg元素和Ti元素含量与母材中氧化物类型、尺寸、数量及粗晶区相变的关系.结果表明,Al_(2)O_(3)无法诱导针状铁素体相变,当Al元素质量分数低于0.005%时,钢中可形成Mg元素、Ti元素或其复合氧化物,可促进粗晶区针状铁素体相变.Mg元素和Ti元素联合添加时,当Mg元素质量分数由0.0042%降低为0.0013%,氧化物类型由MgO转变为Mg_(2)TiO_(4),经统计20个视场内的氧化物数量由408个提高到503个,平均直径由1.37μm减小到1.10μm,显著提高了非均匀形核的比表面积,抑制了晶界铁素体的形成,使t8/5=300 s时粗晶区热模拟试样-20℃冲击吸收能量由43 J提升到127 J.

粉丝情感劳动的组织化运作——基于A明星全国后援会的剖析

从商业经济到社会公益,粉丝社群呈现的超强行动力和影响力引发社会和学界的关注。既有研究往往将粉丝社区、社群、组织等概念混为一谈,从个体意见领袖或社群外部的视角解读粉丝的情感劳动,一定程度上忽视了组织视角的情感劳动过程。因此,基于对A明星全国粉丝后援会的参与式观察和深度访谈,研究发现,在媒介、政策、文化等变迁中,后援会管理层与成员通过文化资本、情感等因素的交互架构生成了“饭圈”的组织化运作。一方面,管理层为促使粉丝情感劳动组织化,发展出圈层化、规范化、制度化三种整合策略;另一方面,成员通过自我进化、关系建构、反叛三种策略表现出对后援会的迎合或抵抗。深入挖掘粉丝组织内部的运转与劳动过程,不仅可以深入理解数字时代青年亚文化社群的组织实践,为“饭圈”乱象治理提供新的思路,也对虚拟组织的运转和维系具有重要借鉴意义。

领导建言寻求对员工主动行为的作用机制研究

基于情感事件理论和调节焦点理论相结合的视角,通过一项多阶段、多来源的问卷调查研究(研究1)与一项实验研究(研究2),探讨了领导建言寻求这一管理行为如何以及何时影响员工的主动行为。研究结果发现:领导建言寻求通过增强员工的积极情感体验并减少消极情感来驱动员工实施主动行为;员工调节焦点调节了领导建言寻求通过积极情感间接影响员工主动行为的中介效应。即相比于低调节焦点,当员工调节焦点较高时,领导建言寻求对员工积极情感的正向作用及其对主动行为的间接作用都会更强,且员工调节焦点同样调节领导建言寻求通过消极情感间接影响员工主动行为的中介效应;相比于高调节焦点,当员工调节焦点较低时,领导建言寻求对员工消极情感的负向作用及其对主动行为的间接作用都会更弱。

内陆地区南美白对虾淡化养殖池塘浮游植物群落结构特征及其生态影响因子

在新疆昌吉市森淼渔业专业合作社6 667 m^(2)、水深约1.6 m池塘中,放入经12 d淡化至盐度0.8左右的南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)苗种,放养密度约为45 ind./m^(3)。放苗当天即采用标准方法开始第一次采样,每周采样1次,共采集12次,调查新疆昌吉地区南美白对虾淡化养殖池塘中浮游植物群落组成变化,借助多变量分析方法揭示浮游植物群落的结构特征、时空变动及其主要生态影响因子。结果显示:本次调查共鉴定浮游植物103种(属),其中绿藻门种类数最多为39种(属),其次为硅藻门29种(属)和蓝藻门23种(属),其他各门种类数不多于4种(属);优势种8种(属)。调查期间浮游植物总平均密度为(2.05±2.93)×10~8ind./L,变幅为4.58×102~9.66×10~8ind./L,总平均生物量为(30.49±33.81)mg/L,变幅为0.80~101.47 mg/L。冗余分析(RDA)表明,铵态氮和活性磷与具星小环藻(Cyclotella stelligera)的相关性较低,而蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、月牙藻(Selenastrum bibraianum)和衣藻(Chlamydomonas spp.)更易在较高的铵态氮环境中建立优势地位;活性磷含量的增加可能是促进蓝藻大量繁殖的重要因素;植食性浮游动物牧食会对浮游植物群落变动产生一定影响,这种变动更倾向于从小型可食性到较大个体或不可食性种类转变。南美白对虾淡化养殖池塘浮游植物群落结构受生态因子的影响存在显著时空变化,掌握其变动规律对进一步开展池塘水质调控技术提供科学依据。

感知原真性对游客情感形成的影响机制研究以开平碉楼为例

游客在遗产地感知原真性后是否以及怎样引发情感的形成,有关研究相对缺乏。同时,地方依恋与亲密关系理论是研究情感的重要理论,二者存在许多交叉域,但少有研究结合二者进行探讨。在文化遗产旅游背景下,文章以地方依恋和亲密关系理论为基础,选取情感体验、情感形象和情感依恋这一系列反映情感形成过程的构念,探究感知原真性如何影响游客情感的形成(内在作用机制),并对比有形文化遗产与无形文化遗产的感知原真性在机制中的不同表现。结果表明:(1)情感体验、情感形象在感知原真性与情感依恋之间发挥链式中介作用;(2)情感体验在感知原真性与情感形象之间发挥完全中介作用;(3)相较于有形文化遗产,无形文化遗产的感知原真性对游客情感形成的正向影响更强烈。

教师情感劳动概念界定的三个误区

情感劳动是教师劳动的重要属性。教师情感劳动的概念界定需避免三个误区:对霍克希尔德“emotional labor”概念的拿来主义;未区分“情绪劳动”与“情感劳动”;对劳动异化的批判论遮蔽了基于情感本体的生命存在论,劳动(labor)遮蔽了存在(being)。消解上述误区的重要路径是从“厚概念”角度界定并廓清教师情感劳动的内涵。教师的情感劳动是一个情感意义结构,是一个基于情本体的、饱含着教育价值载荷的厚概念,能够将情绪劳动的合理内涵融括在内,用目的论涵括工具论,据之澄明积极自主建构的生命存在论视域,确证情感劳动之于教师专业成长的本体论意义。

可植入式人工晶状体植入后眼内稳定性及其影响因素

可植入式人工晶状体(ICL)植入术因其良好的近视矫治效果而广泛开展并日趋成熟。术后ICL位置的变化会导致视力下降、并发白内障、青光眼等并发症。本文依据ICL型号、测量参数、ICL周边组织形态、ICL固定位置等从拱高和旋转2个方面总结造成ICL稳定性改变的影响因素及预测参数,发现型号选择参数、眼内空间组织参数、晶状体脚襻位置、生理调节等因素均可能影响ICL/散光型ICL的拱高和轴位。对这些因素的正确判断可为规范ICL手术、提高ICL眼内稳定性、减少并发症提供参考,也是ICL手术精确性及可预测性提高的发展趋势。

融合中式元素的三维室内场景情绪化渲染

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