Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticu...Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots （1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively）. The soil water content （SWC） at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants （61.1-44.6% field water capacity） than for intact root plants （57.9-46.1% field water capacity）. At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield （F PS II ）, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II （F v /F m ）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP）, and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency （WUE） than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of drought- resistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.展开更多
Most of the near-field source localization methods are developed with the approximated signal model,because the phases of the received near-field signal are highly non-linear.Nevertheless,the approximated signal model...Most of the near-field source localization methods are developed with the approximated signal model,because the phases of the received near-field signal are highly non-linear.Nevertheless,the approximated signal model based methods suffer from model mismatch and performance degradation while the exact signal model based estimation methods usually involve parameter searching or multiple decomposition procedures.In this paper,a search-free near-field source localization method is proposed with the exact signal model.Firstly,the approximative estimates of the direction of arrival(DOA)and range are obtained by using the approximated signal model based method through parameter separation and polynomial rooting operations.Then,the approximative estimates are corrected with the exact signal model according to the exact expressions of phase difference in near-field observations.The proposed method avoids spectral searching and parameter pairing and has enhanced estimation performance.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Non-hydraulic root signals(nHRS)are affirmed as a unique positive response to soil drying,and play a crucial role in regulating water use efficiency and yield formation in dryland wheat production.Strigolactones(SLs)c...Non-hydraulic root signals(nHRS)are affirmed as a unique positive response to soil drying,and play a crucial role in regulating water use efficiency and yield formation in dryland wheat production.Strigolactones(SLs)can enhance plant drought adaptability.However,the question of whether strigolactones enhance grain yield and water use efficiency by regulating nHRS and antioxidant defense systems in dryland wheat remains unanswered.In this study,pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of strigolactones on nHRS,antioxidant defense system,and grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat.The results showed that external application of SLs increased drought-induced abscisic acid(ABA)accumulation and activated an earlier trigger of nHRS at 73.4% field capacity(FC),compared to 68.5%FC in the control group(CK).This phenomenon was mechanically associated with the physiological mediation of SLs.The application of SLs significantly enhanced the activities of leaf antioxidant enzymes,reduced ROS production,and mitigated oxidative damage to lipid membrane.Additionally,root biomass,root length density,and root to shoot ratio were increased under strigolactone treatment.Furthermore,exogenous application of SLs significantly increased grain yield by 34.9%under moderate drought stress.Water use efficiency was also increased by 21.5% and 33.3% under moderate and severe drought conditions respectively,compared to the control group(CK).The results suggested that the application of strigolactones triggered earlier drought-sensing mechanism and improved the antioxidant defense ability,thus enhancing grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat production.展开更多
非相干信号子空间方法(Incoherent Signal Subspace Method,ISM)无法处理相干宽带信源且运算量较大,在脉冲噪声下,由于二阶相关矩阵无法收敛,基于ISM算法的波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计也将失去韧性,为此对ISM算法进行了改...非相干信号子空间方法(Incoherent Signal Subspace Method,ISM)无法处理相干宽带信源且运算量较大,在脉冲噪声下,由于二阶相关矩阵无法收敛,基于ISM算法的波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计也将失去韧性,为此对ISM算法进行了改进。首先将等间距线阵输出矩阵在频域进行分解,根据各频率分量对应的归一化功率设置门限值,对大于门限的频率分量构建分数低阶相关矩阵(Fractional Low Order Covariance,FLOC),并进行修正以解相干。再对修正后的各低阶矩进行特征值分解并提取噪声特征矩阵,列多项式求根。最后取算术平均,可得相干宽带信源的DOA估计。通过计算机仿真,改进的ISM算法在脉冲噪声下可处理相干宽带信源的DOA估计,且稳健性较好。展开更多
基金supported by the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,China(10501-1201)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period(2012BAD14B08)the Innovation Team Program,Ministry of Education of China
文摘Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals （nHRS）, drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum）. The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots （1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively）. The soil water content （SWC） at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants （61.1-44.6% field water capacity） than for intact root plants （57.9-46.1% field water capacity）. At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield （F PS II ）, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II （F v /F m ）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP）, and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency （WUE） than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of drought- resistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space(KF20202109)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82004259)the Young Talent Training Project of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(QNYC20190110).
文摘Most of the near-field source localization methods are developed with the approximated signal model,because the phases of the received near-field signal are highly non-linear.Nevertheless,the approximated signal model based methods suffer from model mismatch and performance degradation while the exact signal model based estimation methods usually involve parameter searching or multiple decomposition procedures.In this paper,a search-free near-field source localization method is proposed with the exact signal model.Firstly,the approximative estimates of the direction of arrival(DOA)and range are obtained by using the approximated signal model based method through parameter separation and polynomial rooting operations.Then,the approximative estimates are corrected with the exact signal model according to the exact expressions of phase difference in near-field observations.The proposed method avoids spectral searching and parameter pairing and has enhanced estimation performance.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1302804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901123).
文摘Non-hydraulic root signals(nHRS)are affirmed as a unique positive response to soil drying,and play a crucial role in regulating water use efficiency and yield formation in dryland wheat production.Strigolactones(SLs)can enhance plant drought adaptability.However,the question of whether strigolactones enhance grain yield and water use efficiency by regulating nHRS and antioxidant defense systems in dryland wheat remains unanswered.In this study,pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of strigolactones on nHRS,antioxidant defense system,and grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat.The results showed that external application of SLs increased drought-induced abscisic acid(ABA)accumulation and activated an earlier trigger of nHRS at 73.4% field capacity(FC),compared to 68.5%FC in the control group(CK).This phenomenon was mechanically associated with the physiological mediation of SLs.The application of SLs significantly enhanced the activities of leaf antioxidant enzymes,reduced ROS production,and mitigated oxidative damage to lipid membrane.Additionally,root biomass,root length density,and root to shoot ratio were increased under strigolactone treatment.Furthermore,exogenous application of SLs significantly increased grain yield by 34.9%under moderate drought stress.Water use efficiency was also increased by 21.5% and 33.3% under moderate and severe drought conditions respectively,compared to the control group(CK).The results suggested that the application of strigolactones triggered earlier drought-sensing mechanism and improved the antioxidant defense ability,thus enhancing grain yield and water use efficiency in dryland wheat production.
文摘针对近场源参数估计计算复杂度大的问题,提出了一种基于对称阵列结构的快速估计算法。首先通过对称阵列结构构造多项式,通过求解多项式的根得到近场源的角度信息;在距离估计的时候,结合压缩多重信号分类算法(Compressed multiple signal classification,C-MUSIC)的思想,将菲涅尔区域分为若干个子区域,通过构造噪声子空间簇的交集,得到新的谱函数,将原来整个区域搜索变换成小区域搜索,可节省运算时间。通过仿真试验验证了算法的有效性,证明该算法的运算复杂度与传统估计算法相比得到了很大改善。
文摘非相干信号子空间方法(Incoherent Signal Subspace Method,ISM)无法处理相干宽带信源且运算量较大,在脉冲噪声下,由于二阶相关矩阵无法收敛,基于ISM算法的波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计也将失去韧性,为此对ISM算法进行了改进。首先将等间距线阵输出矩阵在频域进行分解,根据各频率分量对应的归一化功率设置门限值,对大于门限的频率分量构建分数低阶相关矩阵(Fractional Low Order Covariance,FLOC),并进行修正以解相干。再对修正后的各低阶矩进行特征值分解并提取噪声特征矩阵,列多项式求根。最后取算术平均,可得相干宽带信源的DOA估计。通过计算机仿真,改进的ISM算法在脉冲噪声下可处理相干宽带信源的DOA估计,且稳健性较好。
