Background: Non-invasive facial treatments have the ability to rejuvenate the facial profile when specific pharmacologic agents and modalities are prescribed and used in combination taking into consideration each pati...Background: Non-invasive facial treatments have the ability to rejuvenate the facial profile when specific pharmacologic agents and modalities are prescribed and used in combination taking into consideration each patient’s unique skin type and condition. RATIONALE Epinova is a non-invasive skin treatment that combines the correct concentrations and combinations of topicals and modalities to elicit facial rejuvenation with no down-time or side effects. Purpose: This paper focuses on facial rejuvenation improvements combining the RATIONALE Essential Six skincare system (RATIONALE, Victoria, Australia) to protect and repair the skin with the RATIONALE Epinova facial treatment every 4-6 weeks—which uses non-invasive technologies and professional strength active ingredients to deliver visible changes to skin tone and texture. Methods: Subjects underwent a RATIONALE consultation, including taking a skin history and skin imaging, followed by a data analysis and diagnosis of skin condition and prescription of a customized RATIONALE treatement (Epinova), including appropriate pharmacologic agents and treatment with personalized photo/sono therapeutic devices. Results: Subjects reported increased skin hydration, tactile improvements, skin firmness and visible radiance following the RATIONALE Epinova treatment. Further investigations will be initiated to explore the potential for longer term improvements, including connenctive tissue deposition, reduction of erythema etc. Treatments should be performed every 4-6 weeks for patients under 40 and every 3-4 weeks for patients over 40, to support cell differentiation, migration and desquamation to achieve non-invasive facial rejuvenation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the synergy of pharmacologic, LED light therapy and ultrasonic technologies when prescribed and administered by a trained skin therapist, can lead to a visible improvement in the signs of facial ageing and photodamage, restoring the appearance of healthy, radiant skin. .展开更多
AIM: To explore the possibility of using the Noninvasive Micro-test Technique (NMT) to investigate the role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) in regulating Ca^2+ influxes in HL-7702 cells, a no...AIM: To explore the possibility of using the Noninvasive Micro-test Technique (NMT) to investigate the role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) in regulating Ca^2+ influxes in HL-7702 cells, a normal human liver cell line.METHODS: Net Ca^2+ fluxes were measured with NMT, a technology that can obtain dynamic information of specific/selective ionic/molecular activities on material surfaces, non-invasively. The expression levels of TRPCl were increased by liposomal transfection, whose effectiveness was evaluated by Western-blotting and single cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Ca^2+ influxes could be elicited by adding 1 mmol/L CaCl2 to the test solution of HL-7702 cells. They were enhanced by addition of 20 μmol/L noradrenalin and inhibited by 100 μmol/L LaCl3 (a non-selective Ca^2+ channel blocker); 5 μmol/L nifedipine did not induce any change. Overexpression of TRPCl caused increased Ca^2+ influx. Five micromoles per liter nifedipine did not inhibit this elevation, whereas 100 μmol/L LaCI3 did.CONCLUSION: In HL-7702 cells, there is a type of TRPCl-dependent Ca^2+ channel, which could be detected v/a NMT and inhibited by La^3+.展开更多
Objective To test Calcium ion(Ca2+) flow at the head and end of outer hair cells(OHCs) in resting state and in response to Nimodipine treatment.Methods Non-invasive micro-test techniques were used to study Ca2+ in iso...Objective To test Calcium ion(Ca2+) flow at the head and end of outer hair cells(OHCs) in resting state and in response to Nimodipine treatment.Methods Non-invasive micro-test techniques were used to study Ca2+ in isolated OHCs in adult guinea pigs.Results Four types of Ca2+ transport were identified in OHCs on basilar membrane tissue fragments:influx at the head of with efflux at the bottom(type 1):efflux at the head of OHCs with influx at the bottom(type 2);influx at the both head and bottom(type 3);and efflux at the both head and bottom(type 4).However,only type 1 and type 3 of Ca2+ ion transport were detected in the cochlea.We propose that Ca2+ ion transport exists in adult guinea pig cochlear OHCs in resting state and is variable.Ca2 + flow in OHC can be inhibited by Nimodipine in resting state.展开更多
With the rapid development of submarine oil and gas,the security issues of submarine oil and gas pipeline become increasingly prominent,and regular inspection of submarine pipeline is particularly important.Therefore,...With the rapid development of submarine oil and gas,the security issues of submarine oil and gas pipeline become increasingly prominent,and regular inspection of submarine pipeline is particularly important.Therefore,a submarine pipeline inspection robot system based on CT technology to solve the problems such as low traditional manual inspection efficiency,high labor cost,low security and backward inspection methods.Based on the platform of ROV robot,carrying CT scanner as an external detection device,the system is used for non-invasive inspection of submarine pipeline,which is safe and harmless,with good economy,high mobility,and strong environmental adaptability.Compared with traditional technology,CT scanner’s external inspection technology used in the system avoids the damage to the external protective layer of the pipeline in the measurement of pipeline wall thickness.Meantime,it can provide the tomography of the pipe wall and the composition of the sediment material on the inside wall,which fills the gap in this technical field in China.According to the test,the robot has the characteristics of stable adsorption,flexible movement,and clear pipeline CT scanning image,and can realize the intelligent inspection of submarine pipeline.展开更多
AIM:To further investigate the important role of store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) in rat hepatocytes and to explore the effects of SOC blockers on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).METHODS:Using freshly...AIM:To further investigate the important role of store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) in rat hepatocytes and to explore the effects of SOC blockers on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).METHODS:Using freshly isolated hepatocytes from a rat model of HIRI (and controls),we measured cyto-solic free Ca 2+ concentration (by calcium imaging),net Ca 2+ fluxes (by a non-invasive micro-test technique),the SOC current (I SOC ;by whole-cell patch-clamp record-ing),and taurocholate secretion [by high-performance liquid chromatography and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays].RESULTS:Ca 2+ oscillations and net Ca 2+ fluxes medi-ated by Ca 2+ entry via SOCs were observed in rat he-patocytes.I SOC was significantly higher in HIRI groups than in controls (57.0 ± 7.5 pA vs 31.6 ± 2.7 pA,P <0.05) and was inhibited by La 3+.Taurocholate secretion by hepatocytes into culture supernatant was distinctly lower in HIRI hepatocytes than in controls,an effect reversed by SOC blockers.CONCLUSION:SOCs are pivotal in HIRI.SOC blockers protected against HIRI and assisted the recovery of se-cretory function in hepatocytes.Thus,they are likely to become a novel class of effective drugs for prevention or therapy of HIRI patients in the future.展开更多
Soil acidifications become one of the main causes restricting the sustainable development of agriculture and causing issues of agricultural product safety.In order to explore the effect of different acidification on s...Soil acidifications become one of the main causes restricting the sustainable development of agriculture and causing issues of agricultural product safety.In order to explore the effect of different acidification on soil cadmium(Cd)availability,soil pot culture and hydroponic(soil potting solution extraction)were applied,and non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)was combined.Here three different soil acidification processes were simulated,including direct acidification by adding sulfuric acid(AP1),acid rain acidification(AP2)by adding artificial simulated acid rain and excessive fertilization acidification by adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)(AP3).The results showed that for direct acidification(AP1),DTPA-Cd concentration in field soils in Liaoning(S1)and Zhejiang(S2)increased by 0.167-0.217 mg/kg and 0.181-0.346 mg/kg,respectively,compared with control group.When soil pH decreased by 0.45 units in S1,the Cd content of rice stems,leaves and roots increased by 0.48 to 6.04 mg/kg and 2.58 to 12.84mg/kg,respectively,When the pH value of soil S1 and S2 decreased by 0.20 units,the average velocity of Cd^(2+)at 200μm increased by 10.03-33.11 pmol/cm~2/sec and 21.33-52.86pmol/cm^(2)/sec,respectively,and followed the order of AP3>AP2>AP1.In summary,different acidification measures would improve the effectiveness of Cd,under the same pH reduction condition,fertilization acidification increased Cd availability most significantly.展开更多
Constructed wetlands are commonly utilized to treat industrial wastewater due to their effectiveness,affordability,and environmental benefits.Many phosphorus chemical enterprises in the middle Yangtze River basin are ...Constructed wetlands are commonly utilized to treat industrial wastewater due to their effectiveness,affordability,and environmental benefits.Many phosphorus chemical enterprises in the middle Yangtze River basin are facing high pollution load challenges and efforts are needed to improve removal efficiency of pollutants.This work was the first to use constructed wetlands for phosphorus chemical industry tailwater(PCITW)treatment.The new hybrid constructed wetlands(CWs)proposed were the aeration horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland(AHSCW)and the integrated vertical flow constructed wetland(IVCW),which were constructed on a pilot scale.Here,the effectiveness of pollutant removal along hybrid CWs,wetland plant growth,and rootassociated microbial community responses to the PCITW were investigated.The results showed that there was spatial variation in removal of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in the hybrid CWs,and that the AHSCW and the IVCW played synergistic roles in the removal of pollutants.Compared with influent,the toxic effect of effluent to embryos of a rare minnow(Gobiocypris rarus)was alleviated.Exposure to the effluent resulted in no malformation or death for embryos.Plants and microorganisms in the wetland system of the phosphate chemical tailwater were then compared with the control system of municipal tailwater.Plants in the former system had lower root density,and higher average root diameter,root shoot ratio,specific root length,and specific surface area.Plant roots also had decreased NH_(4)^(+)uptake ability but increased Ca^(2+)uptake to adapt to the high load and complex pollution stress.Unlike the control system,stochastic mechanisms had a more important role than deterministic processes in shaping the microbial community assembly associated with the PCITW.Meanwhile,analysis of microbial network-level topological characteristics demonstrated substantial reduction in network interactions complexity and microbiome stability in the treatment system.Findings from this study suggest wetlands will be helpful for efficient purification of phosphorus chemical industry wastewater in the Yangtze River basin.展开更多
Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used t...Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT),Planar optode(PO),and Non-invasive micro-test technology(NMT)to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time.Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT)fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120,140,and 200 pg/(cm^(2)·sec)via 30 days incubation period to 17,40,and 56 pg/(cm2•sec)via that of 15 days.Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water,suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time.PO measurement indicated that O_(2)concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100%saturation along with the root stretch downwards.NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O_(2)inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2•sec)from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions.Different from previous reports,gradually saturating O_(2)concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O_(2)penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O_(2)leakage.Increased O_(2)concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II)into Fe(III)bound P and local P immobilization.展开更多
Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity.Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress,and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress.It is very important to study the sa...Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity.Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress,and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress.It is very important to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of rice under salt stress,in order to improve the salt-tolerance capacity of rice and thereby increase the yield.In this experiment,the low field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF NMR)technique and the traditional dry-weight weighing method,the non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)and the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)were applied to analyze the distribution of water and the flow of K^(+)and Na^(+)of rice seeds during germination under NaCl stress.The results suggested that for all different NaCl concentrations,as germination hours grew,the amplitude of NMR signals of the bound water that of the free water and the total amplitude all increased gradually.And the higher the NaCl concentration is,the weaker the increase trend is.In addition,the moisture content of the seeds and the total amplitude of NMR signals were positively correlated.The regression equation was y=191.53x+1463.6,the correlation coefficient was R=0.9823,and the determination coefficient was R2=0.9650.By this regression equation,the moisture content of each state of water during seed germination can be calculated.When without NaCl stress,the rice seeds absorbed K^(+)in the germination process.However,when under NaCl stress at different concentrations,K^(+)efflux was detected.The contents of K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)were lower than that under the control condition.The higher NaCl concentration is,the lower the K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)contents are.These results are in consistence with the K^(+)and Na^(+)contents detected by the inductively coupled technique.These empirical data offer a reference for the study of rice-seeds’response mechanism under salt stress during germination and the screening of germplasm resources,and also put forward a new method of biopsy micro-nondestructive test for plants under stress.展开更多
One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce ...One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce costs but also conserve incubator space and prevent poor-quality embryos from contributing to the spread of infections.This study demonstrates a procedure for distinguishing between fertilized and unfertilized eggs prior to incubation by studying the respiratory differences between fertilized and unfertilized eggs using the Non-invasive Micro-test Technique(NMT).A customized micro-testing examination platform,NMT Egg Testing System(NMT-ETS)was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the intensity and rate of oxygen exchange between the egg and its external environment.The results from this study revealed that at room temperature,there is a significant difference in gas exchange rates between fertilized and unfertilized eggs.The results indicate that the oxygen flux of fertilized eggs exceed 20 pmol/(cm^(2)·s),whereas unfertilized eggs show a much lower oxygen flux.Based on the results,the NMT method can be used to effectively distinguish between fertilized and unfertilized chicken eggs.展开更多
Maintenance of ion homeostasis,particularly the regulation of K^(+)and Na^(+)uptake,is important for all plants to adapt to salinity.Observations on ionic response to salinity and net fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+)in the root...Maintenance of ion homeostasis,particularly the regulation of K^(+)and Na^(+)uptake,is important for all plants to adapt to salinity.Observations on ionic response to salinity and net fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+)in the root exhibited by plants during salt stress have highlighted the need for further investigation.The objectives of this study were to compare salt adaptation of two Chinese Iris(Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis(Fisch.)Koidz.)populations,and to improve understanding of adaptation to salinity exhibited by plants.Plants used in this study were grown from seeds collected in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xj)and Beijing Municipality(Bj),China.Hydroponicallygrown seedlings of the two populations were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0.1(control)and 140 mmol·L^(–1) NaCl.After 12 days,plants were harvested for determination of relative growth rate and K^(+),Na^(+)concentrations.Net fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+)from the apex and along the root axis to 10.8 mm were measured using noninvasive micro-test technique.With 140 mmol·L^(–1) NaCl treatment,shoots for population Xj had larger relative growth rate and higher K^(+)concentration than shoots for population Bj.However,the Na^(+)concentrations in both shoots and roots were lower for Xj than those for Bj.There was a lower net efflux of K^(+)found in population Xj than by Bj in the mature zone(approximately 2.4^(–1)0.8 mm from root tip).However,no difference in the efflux of Na^(+)between the populations was obtained.Population Xj of I.lactea continued to grow normally under NaCl stress,and maintained a higher K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio in the shoots.These traits,which were associated with lower K^(+)leakage,help population Xj adapt to saline environments.展开更多
文摘Background: Non-invasive facial treatments have the ability to rejuvenate the facial profile when specific pharmacologic agents and modalities are prescribed and used in combination taking into consideration each patient’s unique skin type and condition. RATIONALE Epinova is a non-invasive skin treatment that combines the correct concentrations and combinations of topicals and modalities to elicit facial rejuvenation with no down-time or side effects. Purpose: This paper focuses on facial rejuvenation improvements combining the RATIONALE Essential Six skincare system (RATIONALE, Victoria, Australia) to protect and repair the skin with the RATIONALE Epinova facial treatment every 4-6 weeks—which uses non-invasive technologies and professional strength active ingredients to deliver visible changes to skin tone and texture. Methods: Subjects underwent a RATIONALE consultation, including taking a skin history and skin imaging, followed by a data analysis and diagnosis of skin condition and prescription of a customized RATIONALE treatement (Epinova), including appropriate pharmacologic agents and treatment with personalized photo/sono therapeutic devices. Results: Subjects reported increased skin hydration, tactile improvements, skin firmness and visible radiance following the RATIONALE Epinova treatment. Further investigations will be initiated to explore the potential for longer term improvements, including connenctive tissue deposition, reduction of erythema etc. Treatments should be performed every 4-6 weeks for patients under 40 and every 3-4 weeks for patients over 40, to support cell differentiation, migration and desquamation to achieve non-invasive facial rejuvenation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the synergy of pharmacologic, LED light therapy and ultrasonic technologies when prescribed and administered by a trained skin therapist, can lead to a visible improvement in the signs of facial ageing and photodamage, restoring the appearance of healthy, radiant skin. .
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30270532 and No.30670774Tsinghua-Yue-Yuen Medical Science Foundation,No.20240000531 and No.20240000547
文摘AIM: To explore the possibility of using the Noninvasive Micro-test Technique (NMT) to investigate the role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) in regulating Ca^2+ influxes in HL-7702 cells, a normal human liver cell line.METHODS: Net Ca^2+ fluxes were measured with NMT, a technology that can obtain dynamic information of specific/selective ionic/molecular activities on material surfaces, non-invasively. The expression levels of TRPCl were increased by liposomal transfection, whose effectiveness was evaluated by Western-blotting and single cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Ca^2+ influxes could be elicited by adding 1 mmol/L CaCl2 to the test solution of HL-7702 cells. They were enhanced by addition of 20 μmol/L noradrenalin and inhibited by 100 μmol/L LaCl3 (a non-selective Ca^2+ channel blocker); 5 μmol/L nifedipine did not induce any change. Overexpression of TRPCl caused increased Ca^2+ influx. Five micromoles per liter nifedipine did not inhibit this elevation, whereas 100 μmol/L LaCI3 did.CONCLUSION: In HL-7702 cells, there is a type of TRPCl-dependent Ca^2+ channel, which could be detected v/a NMT and inhibited by La^3+.
文摘Objective To test Calcium ion(Ca2+) flow at the head and end of outer hair cells(OHCs) in resting state and in response to Nimodipine treatment.Methods Non-invasive micro-test techniques were used to study Ca2+ in isolated OHCs in adult guinea pigs.Results Four types of Ca2+ transport were identified in OHCs on basilar membrane tissue fragments:influx at the head of with efflux at the bottom(type 1):efflux at the head of OHCs with influx at the bottom(type 2);influx at the both head and bottom(type 3);and efflux at the both head and bottom(type 4).However,only type 1 and type 3 of Ca2+ ion transport were detected in the cochlea.We propose that Ca2+ ion transport exists in adult guinea pig cochlear OHCs in resting state and is variable.Ca2 + flow in OHC can be inhibited by Nimodipine in resting state.
文摘With the rapid development of submarine oil and gas,the security issues of submarine oil and gas pipeline become increasingly prominent,and regular inspection of submarine pipeline is particularly important.Therefore,a submarine pipeline inspection robot system based on CT technology to solve the problems such as low traditional manual inspection efficiency,high labor cost,low security and backward inspection methods.Based on the platform of ROV robot,carrying CT scanner as an external detection device,the system is used for non-invasive inspection of submarine pipeline,which is safe and harmless,with good economy,high mobility,and strong environmental adaptability.Compared with traditional technology,CT scanner’s external inspection technology used in the system avoids the damage to the external protective layer of the pipeline in the measurement of pipeline wall thickness.Meantime,it can provide the tomography of the pipe wall and the composition of the sediment material on the inside wall,which fills the gap in this technical field in China.According to the test,the robot has the characteristics of stable adsorption,flexible movement,and clear pipeline CT scanning image,and can realize the intelligent inspection of submarine pipeline.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation ofChina,No.30670744and81071996Tsinghua-Yue-Yuen Medical Science Foundation,No.20240000531and20240000547
文摘AIM:To further investigate the important role of store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) in rat hepatocytes and to explore the effects of SOC blockers on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI).METHODS:Using freshly isolated hepatocytes from a rat model of HIRI (and controls),we measured cyto-solic free Ca 2+ concentration (by calcium imaging),net Ca 2+ fluxes (by a non-invasive micro-test technique),the SOC current (I SOC ;by whole-cell patch-clamp record-ing),and taurocholate secretion [by high-performance liquid chromatography and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays].RESULTS:Ca 2+ oscillations and net Ca 2+ fluxes medi-ated by Ca 2+ entry via SOCs were observed in rat he-patocytes.I SOC was significantly higher in HIRI groups than in controls (57.0 ± 7.5 pA vs 31.6 ± 2.7 pA,P <0.05) and was inhibited by La 3+.Taurocholate secretion by hepatocytes into culture supernatant was distinctly lower in HIRI hepatocytes than in controls,an effect reversed by SOC blockers.CONCLUSION:SOCs are pivotal in HIRI.SOC blockers protected against HIRI and assisted the recovery of se-cretory function in hepatocytes.Thus,they are likely to become a novel class of effective drugs for prevention or therapy of HIRI patients in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177010)the Youth innovation of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.Y2023QC17)。
文摘Soil acidifications become one of the main causes restricting the sustainable development of agriculture and causing issues of agricultural product safety.In order to explore the effect of different acidification on soil cadmium(Cd)availability,soil pot culture and hydroponic(soil potting solution extraction)were applied,and non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)was combined.Here three different soil acidification processes were simulated,including direct acidification by adding sulfuric acid(AP1),acid rain acidification(AP2)by adding artificial simulated acid rain and excessive fertilization acidification by adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)(AP3).The results showed that for direct acidification(AP1),DTPA-Cd concentration in field soils in Liaoning(S1)and Zhejiang(S2)increased by 0.167-0.217 mg/kg and 0.181-0.346 mg/kg,respectively,compared with control group.When soil pH decreased by 0.45 units in S1,the Cd content of rice stems,leaves and roots increased by 0.48 to 6.04 mg/kg and 2.58 to 12.84mg/kg,respectively,When the pH value of soil S1 and S2 decreased by 0.20 units,the average velocity of Cd^(2+)at 200μm increased by 10.03-33.11 pmol/cm~2/sec and 21.33-52.86pmol/cm^(2)/sec,respectively,and followed the order of AP3>AP2>AP1.In summary,different acidification measures would improve the effectiveness of Cd,under the same pH reduction condition,fertilization acidification increased Cd availability most significantly.
基金This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Science(Grant no.XDA23040401).
文摘Constructed wetlands are commonly utilized to treat industrial wastewater due to their effectiveness,affordability,and environmental benefits.Many phosphorus chemical enterprises in the middle Yangtze River basin are facing high pollution load challenges and efforts are needed to improve removal efficiency of pollutants.This work was the first to use constructed wetlands for phosphorus chemical industry tailwater(PCITW)treatment.The new hybrid constructed wetlands(CWs)proposed were the aeration horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland(AHSCW)and the integrated vertical flow constructed wetland(IVCW),which were constructed on a pilot scale.Here,the effectiveness of pollutant removal along hybrid CWs,wetland plant growth,and rootassociated microbial community responses to the PCITW were investigated.The results showed that there was spatial variation in removal of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in the hybrid CWs,and that the AHSCW and the IVCW played synergistic roles in the removal of pollutants.Compared with influent,the toxic effect of effluent to embryos of a rare minnow(Gobiocypris rarus)was alleviated.Exposure to the effluent resulted in no malformation or death for embryos.Plants and microorganisms in the wetland system of the phosphate chemical tailwater were then compared with the control system of municipal tailwater.Plants in the former system had lower root density,and higher average root diameter,root shoot ratio,specific root length,and specific surface area.Plant roots also had decreased NH_(4)^(+)uptake ability but increased Ca^(2+)uptake to adapt to the high load and complex pollution stress.Unlike the control system,stochastic mechanisms had a more important role than deterministic processes in shaping the microbial community assembly associated with the PCITW.Meanwhile,analysis of microbial network-level topological characteristics demonstrated substantial reduction in network interactions complexity and microbiome stability in the treatment system.Findings from this study suggest wetlands will be helpful for efficient purification of phosphorus chemical industry wastewater in the Yangtze River basin.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41503099,31971476)the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(No.JCTD-2018-16)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(No.ZDBS-LYDQC018).
文摘Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT),Planar optode(PO),and Non-invasive micro-test technology(NMT)to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time.Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT)fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120,140,and 200 pg/(cm^(2)·sec)via 30 days incubation period to 17,40,and 56 pg/(cm2•sec)via that of 15 days.Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water,suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time.PO measurement indicated that O_(2)concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100%saturation along with the root stretch downwards.NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O_(2)inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2•sec)from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions.Different from previous reports,gradually saturating O_(2)concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O_(2)penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O_(2)leakage.Increased O_(2)concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II)into Fe(III)bound P and local P immobilization.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(Grant No.31701318,31601216)National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2017YFD0701205)Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Building Project of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science(Grant No.KJCX20170418).
文摘Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity.Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress,and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress.It is very important to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of rice under salt stress,in order to improve the salt-tolerance capacity of rice and thereby increase the yield.In this experiment,the low field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF NMR)technique and the traditional dry-weight weighing method,the non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)and the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)were applied to analyze the distribution of water and the flow of K^(+)and Na^(+)of rice seeds during germination under NaCl stress.The results suggested that for all different NaCl concentrations,as germination hours grew,the amplitude of NMR signals of the bound water that of the free water and the total amplitude all increased gradually.And the higher the NaCl concentration is,the weaker the increase trend is.In addition,the moisture content of the seeds and the total amplitude of NMR signals were positively correlated.The regression equation was y=191.53x+1463.6,the correlation coefficient was R=0.9823,and the determination coefficient was R2=0.9650.By this regression equation,the moisture content of each state of water during seed germination can be calculated.When without NaCl stress,the rice seeds absorbed K^(+)in the germination process.However,when under NaCl stress at different concentrations,K^(+)efflux was detected.The contents of K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)were lower than that under the control condition.The higher NaCl concentration is,the lower the K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)contents are.These results are in consistence with the K^(+)and Na^(+)contents detected by the inductively coupled technique.These empirical data offer a reference for the study of rice-seeds’response mechanism under salt stress during germination and the screening of germplasm resources,and also put forward a new method of biopsy micro-nondestructive test for plants under stress.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371771)Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest(201303084)National Science and Technology Support Programme(2015BAD19B05).
文摘One unresolved challenge in the egg industry is how to efficiently and non-invasively detect unfertilized eggs prior to incubation.This detection ability would not only significantly improve hatching rates and reduce costs but also conserve incubator space and prevent poor-quality embryos from contributing to the spread of infections.This study demonstrates a procedure for distinguishing between fertilized and unfertilized eggs prior to incubation by studying the respiratory differences between fertilized and unfertilized eggs using the Non-invasive Micro-test Technique(NMT).A customized micro-testing examination platform,NMT Egg Testing System(NMT-ETS)was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the intensity and rate of oxygen exchange between the egg and its external environment.The results from this study revealed that at room temperature,there is a significant difference in gas exchange rates between fertilized and unfertilized eggs.The results indicate that the oxygen flux of fertilized eggs exceed 20 pmol/(cm^(2)·s),whereas unfertilized eggs show a much lower oxygen flux.Based on the results,the NMT method can be used to effectively distinguish between fertilized and unfertilized chicken eggs.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370351 and 30870237)the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of the Special Research Doctoral Advisor Fund of China(20110008110035).
文摘Maintenance of ion homeostasis,particularly the regulation of K^(+)and Na^(+)uptake,is important for all plants to adapt to salinity.Observations on ionic response to salinity and net fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+)in the root exhibited by plants during salt stress have highlighted the need for further investigation.The objectives of this study were to compare salt adaptation of two Chinese Iris(Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis(Fisch.)Koidz.)populations,and to improve understanding of adaptation to salinity exhibited by plants.Plants used in this study were grown from seeds collected in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xj)and Beijing Municipality(Bj),China.Hydroponicallygrown seedlings of the two populations were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0.1(control)and 140 mmol·L^(–1) NaCl.After 12 days,plants were harvested for determination of relative growth rate and K^(+),Na^(+)concentrations.Net fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+)from the apex and along the root axis to 10.8 mm were measured using noninvasive micro-test technique.With 140 mmol·L^(–1) NaCl treatment,shoots for population Xj had larger relative growth rate and higher K^(+)concentration than shoots for population Bj.However,the Na^(+)concentrations in both shoots and roots were lower for Xj than those for Bj.There was a lower net efflux of K^(+)found in population Xj than by Bj in the mature zone(approximately 2.4^(–1)0.8 mm from root tip).However,no difference in the efflux of Na^(+)between the populations was obtained.Population Xj of I.lactea continued to grow normally under NaCl stress,and maintained a higher K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio in the shoots.These traits,which were associated with lower K^(+)leakage,help population Xj adapt to saline environments.