A Comparative Study of Chinese Translations of Tagore’s Stray Birds From the Perspective of the“Three Beauties Theory”

For more than 60 years,Mr.Xu Yuanchong has been devoted to education.He has not only made remarkable achievements in translating from and into Chinese,English,French and other languages,but has also developed his own unique concept of translation.Since 1950,he has always adhered to the“Three Beauties Theory”,believing that translation should not only rely on the original text,but also realize the“beauty of meaning”,“beauty of sound”,and“beauty of form”.Based on Xu Yuanchong’s“Three Beauties Theory”,this paper takes Zheng Zhenduo’s and Feng Tang’s Chinese translations of Stray Birds as an example to explore in depth the specifics of poetry translation theory.The study summarizes the similarities and differences between these two translations in embodying the“three beauties”,providing insights into the Chinese translation techniques of philosophical prose poems.This endeavor seeks to offer valuable insights for the comparative study of Stray Birds translations。

A Case Study of Periodical Terminologies’Mis-translations in History of Chinese Journalism by Ko Kung-chen under Analysis-Synthesis Translation Mode

From the perspective of analysis-synthesis translation mode,this paper discusses the translator’s responsibility and the translator’s role in the translation of historiography,based on the case of Ko Kung-chen’s History of Chinese Journalism.Missionary J.S.Roberts believed that translation is the logical combination of two processes of analysis and synthesis.The analysis process is characterized by understanding,emphasizing accurate understanding and professional analysis of the source text,while the synthesis process focuses on the transformation of language and culture.The two processes are dependent,forming the whole process of translation altogether.As the indisputable subject of translation,the translator should assume his own subjective responsibility in the two processes.The translator should be responsible for the fact and professional academics in the analysis process,and language and culture and translation itself in the synthesis process,playing the role of a reviewer,disseminator and translator to ensure that the translation text would be correct,accurate and professional so as to realize the value of himself and translation.

“Three Beauties”Principle in the English Versions of“Jing Ye Si”--Translations by Xu and Fletcher as Examples

“Jing Ye Si”is a classical poem with international influence by the Chinese poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty,which expresses the poet’s deep nostalgia.This paper compares and analyzes its two English versions translated by the Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong and the British translator W.J.B.Fletcher based on the“three beauties”principle(beauty in sense,beauty in sound,and beauty in form),and discovers that the English version of Xu basically achieves the unity of the“three beauties”,while the English version of Fletcher realizes the“beauty in sound and form”,but deviates from the“beauty in sense”mainly owing to the inaccurate comprehension of the moon as an image and other factors.This analysis may afford us with certain reference in poetry translation.

Short-Term Memory Capacity across Time and Language Estimated from Ancient and Modern Literary Texts. Study-Case: New Testament Translations

We study the short-term memory capacity of ancient readers of the original New Testament written in Greek, of its translations to Latin and to modern languages. To model it, we consider the number of words between any two contiguous interpunctions Ip, because this parameter can model how the human mind memorizes “chunks” of information. Since IP can be calculated for any alphabetical text, we can perform experiments—otherwise impossible— with ancient readers by studying the literary works they used to read. The “experiments” compare the IP of texts of a language/translation to those of another language/translation by measuring the minimum average probability of finding joint readers (those who can read both texts because of similar short-term memory capacity) and by defining an “overlap index”. We also define the population of universal readers, people who can read any New Testament text in any language. Future work is vast, with many research tracks, because alphabetical literatures are very large and allow many experiments, such as comparing authors, translations or even texts written by artificial intelligence tools.

The big data challenge-and how polypharmacology supports the translation from pre-clinical research into clinical use against neurodegenerative diseases and beyond

Introductory comments:The identification and validation of disease-modifying proteins are fundamental aspects in drug development.However,the m ultifactority of n eurodegen era tive diseases poses a real challenge for targeted therapies.Furthermore,the behavior of individually(over-)expressed to rget proteins in vitro is likely to differ from their actual functional behavior when embedded in cascades and pathways in vivo.

RNPS1 stabilizes NAT10 protein to facilitate translation in cancer via tRNA ac^(4)C modification

Existing studies have underscored the pivotal role of N-acetyltransferase 10(NAT10) in various cancers. However, the outcomes of protein-protein interactions between NAT10 and its protein partners in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) remain unexplored. In this study, we identified a significant upregulation of RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1(RNPS1) in HNSCC, where RNPS1 inhibits the ubiquitination degradation of NAT10 by E3 ubiquitin ligase, zinc finger SWIM domain-containing protein 6(ZSWIM6), through direct protein interaction, thereby promoting high NAT10 expression in HNSCC. This upregulated NAT10 stability mediates the enhancement of specific tRNA ac^(4)C modifications, subsequently boosting the translation process of genes involved in pathways such as IL-6 signaling, IL-8 signaling, and PTEN signaling that play roles in regulating HNSCC malignant progression, ultimately influencing the survival and prognosis of HNSCC patients. Additionally, we pioneered the development of TRMC-seq, leading to the discovery of novel t RNA-ac^(4)C modification sites, thereby providing a potent sequencing tool for tRNAac^(4)C research. Our findings expand the repertoire of tRNA ac^(4)C modifications and identify a role of tRNA ac^(4)C in the regulation of mRNA translation in HNSCC.

语料库翻译研究背景下的“translationese”与“翻译共性”刍议

近年来,在基于语料库的翻译研究背景下,翻译语言特征描写中的两个关键词——“translationese”与“翻译共性”备受关注,两者之间既有区别,亦有交织重叠的地方。在国内翻译研究领域,“translationese”的译名和定义也不尽一致。本研究梳理了语料库研究方法背景下两者的概念和研究模式的发展,进而探讨了translationese的连续性特征以及它与翻译共性假设的关系问题,提出以“特征译语”为译名以突出其特点,并阐明了本研究在理论与实践方面的意义。

Effective extraction of polyribosomes from astrocytes enables future discoveries on translation regulation

Translation regulation is an important layer of gene expression:Generation of genome-wide expression datasets at multi-omics levels in spatial,temporal,and cell-type resolution is essential for deciphering brain complexity.Regulation of gene expression is a highly dynamic process aiming at the production of precise levels of gene products to guarantee optimal cellular function,in response to physiological cues.Speedy advances in next-generation sequencing enabled the understanding of epigenomic and transcriptomic dynamic landscapes of different brain regions along development,aging,and disease progression.However,the correlation of the“transcriptome”with protein levels is poor because numerous mRNAs are subjected to manipulation of their translation efficiency,to warrant a favorable result under certain conditions.Hence,it is widely accepted that regulation at the translation level is a vital layer of gene expression.Quantification of actively translated mRNA populations(i.e.,“translatome”)is a more reliable predictor of the“proteome”(Wang et al.,2020).

Natural vibration and critical velocity of translating Timoshenko beam with non-homogeneous boundaries

In most practical engineering applications,the translating belt wraps around two fixed wheels.The boundary conditions of the dynamic model are typically specified as simply supported or fixed boundaries.In this paper,non-homogeneous boundaries are introduced by the support wheels.Utilizing the translating belt as the mechanical prototype,the vibration characteristics of translating Timoshenko beam models with nonhomogeneous boundaries are investigated for the first time.The governing equations of Timoshenko beam are deduced by employing the generalized Hamilton's principle.The effects of parameters such as the radius of wheel and the length of belt on vibration characteristics including the equilibrium deformations,critical velocities,natural frequencies,and modes,are numerically calculated and analyzed.The numerical results indicate that the beam experiences deformation characterized by varying curvatures near the wheels.The radii of the wheels play a pivotal role in determining the change in trend of the relative difference between two beam models.Comparing the results unearths that the relative difference in equilibrium deformations between the two beam models is more pronounced with smaller-sized wheels.When the two wheels are of equal size,the critical velocities of both beam models reach their respective minima.In addition,the relative difference in natural frequencies between the two beam models exhibits nonlinear variation and can easily exceed 50%.Furthermore,as the axial velocities increase,the impact of non-homogeneous boundaries on modal shape of translating beam becomes more significant.Although dealing with non-homogeneous boundaries is challenging,beam models with non-homogeneous boundaries are more sensitive to parameters,and the differences between the two types of beams undergo some interesting variations under the influence of non-homogeneous boundaries.

Translator Stylistics:A Corpus Analysis of Two English Translations of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Da Sheng Bian

Da Sheng Bian,a significant work on obstetrics and gynecology that emerged in the early Qing Dynasty,was initially published as“A Treatise on Midwifery”in 1842 by William Lockhart,a British missionary to China.In 1894,John G.Kerr,an American missionary,translated the text as“The Tat Shang Pin”.This paper conducts a comparative study of the two English translations using a self-constructed English-Chinese parallel corpus of Da Sheng Bian.The study explores the translation styles of the two translators by examining the token-types ratio and frequency at the lexical level,mean sentence length at the syntactic level,and the use of conjunctions at the discourse level.The observed differences in translation styles between the two translations are analyzed in relation to the translators’backgrounds and translation strategies.

Translation Strategies of Red Tourism Terms in the Central Plains-Taking Red Central Plains as an Example

In recent years,the Red Tourism in Central Plains has gradually become a new type of thematic tourism form,which is an important carrier to carry out patriotism and revolutionary traditional education and carry forward the national spirit.The translation of red tourism publicity is an important window for spreading Chinese culture,and the translation of professional terms is an important link in the red tourism publicity.How to spread the red culture of the Central Plains,glow the charm of the Central Plains culture,enhance the influence of the Central Plains culture,and spread the Central Plains culture to the world has become the mission of every child of the Central Plains.This paper adopts the case analysis method,combined with the specific and typical cases in“Red Central Plains”,and uses different translation strategies and methods to explore the difficulties and solutions of the translation of terms in the red tourism text.

A Study of English Translation Strategies of Subtitles of the Domestic Animated Film Chang’an from the Perspective of Eco-translatology

This article conducts an analysis and exploration of the English subtitles translation of the domestic animated film Chang’an from the perspective of eco-translatology.Taking three-dimensional transformation as the entry point,it analyzes the adaptation and selection of subtitle translators in the translation process from the dimensions of language,culture,and communication in Chang’an,aiming to enrich the practical analysis of eco-translatology and provide valuable insights and references for the theoretical construction and practical application of eco-translatology.This article enriches the practical analysis of eco-translatology and also validates to a certain extent the applicability of“three-dimensional”transformation.

Translation Theory and Techniques in Optometry Literature: A Case Study of the “Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”

Translation of specialized documents in optometry presents unique challenges,requiring a deep understanding of the professional context,terminology,and adherence to specific translation styles.This paper delves into the translation theory and techniques employed in the English-to-Chinese translation of the“Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”,serving as a case study.Emphasizing Nida’s theory of functional equivalence,the paper explores the complexities of translating professional optometry literature,focusing on key points and common issues in translating installation and maintenance manuals for optometric devices.Special attention is given to the translation of professional terminology,employing methods such as addition,omission,conversion,and repetition.The translation process aims to meet specific requirements,ensuring accuracy and coherence while aligning with Chinese language conventions.The paper also analyzes translation methods and techniques concerning terminology,prepositions,conjunctions,and handling parallel elements based on practical insights from the Optoform 80 Manual.

A STABILITY RESULT FOR TRANSLATINGSPACELIKE GRAPHS IN LORENTZ MANIFOLDS

In this paper,we investigate spacelike graphs defined over a domain Ω⊂M^(n) in the Lorentz manifold M^(n)×ℝ with the metric−ds^(2)+σ,where M^(n) is a complete Riemannian n-manifold with the metricσ,Ωhas piecewise smooth boundary,and ℝ denotes the Euclidean 1-space.We prove an interesting stability result for translating spacelike graphs in M^(n)×ℝ under a conformal transformation.

A Descriptive Translation Study of Chinese Translation of French Musical Roméo et Juliette

This paper presents a Descriptive Translation Study(DTS)analysis of the Chinese translation of the French musical adaptation of Romeo and Juliet,titled Roméo et Juliette:de la Haineàl’Amour.Romeo and Juliet,a timeless play by Shakespeare,has captivated audiences since its premiere in 1597 and has been adapted into various forms,including stage productions,films,musicals,and operas.The focus of this study is to analyze the Chinese translation of the French musical adaptation from a DTS perspective.DTS is an approach that aims to understand the translation process and its reception in the target culture.By examining language choices,cultural references,and adaptation strategies,this study seeks to shed light on how the Chinese translation of the French musical functions within the target culture and influences the reception and interpretation of the source text.This analysis is expected to gain insights into the challenges and strategies employed in translating a musical adaptation of Romeo and Juliet into Chinese.The findings of this study will contribute to the field of translation studies and provide a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in the translation of musical works.

The Translation of Allusions in Political Discourse:An Intertextuality Perspective

drawn from ancient classics are the treasures of traditional Chinese culture.The allusions used in Xi Jinping:The Governance of China illustrate a distinctive feature of political discourse,and the publication of its English version provides a valuable opportunity for the study of allusions in translated political discourse.With the English translations of 241 allusions collected from two volumes of the book,we classified these allusions into three categories of history,culture,and literature based on their original sources.Then we analyzed the strategies used in translating the allusions,and provided typical examples to illustrate the use of such translation strategies for each category.Finally,we tried to account for the use of these strategies in light of the intertextuality theory.

Beyond Gender Perspectives:A More Comprehensive Examination of Yang Yi’s Translation of Wuthering Heights

The renowned translator Yang Yi passed away in 2023.Many scholars argue that,influenced by their biological gender,female translators often employ translation methods in adherence to feminist translation or reflect characteristics typical of female translators.This study examines the translation of Wuthering Heights by Yang Yi,focusing on whether there is a definite influence of gender on translator behavior.While existing literature primarily analyzes Yang Yi’s work through a feminist lens,this research takes a broader approach.By considering the translator’s social background and translation practice,this paper challenges the assumption that her work strictly aligns with feminist translation theories.Instead,this study emphasizes the importance of considering diverse factors when interpreting translated works,moving beyond a singular gender-based standpoint.

Analysis on the Translation Methods of the Reported Speech in German Academic Papers-Taking the Translation of“Die Internationalisierung der deutschen Hochschulen”as an Example

Reporting is essential in language use,including the re-expression of other people’s or self’s words,opinions,psychological activities,etc.Grasping the translation methods of reported speech in German academic papers is very important to improve the accuracy of academic paper translation.This study takes the translation of“Internationalization of German Universities”(Die Internationalisierung der deutschen Hochschulen),an academic paper of higher education,as an example to explore the translation methods of reported speech in German academic papers.It is found that the use of word order conversion,part of speech conversion and split translation methods can make the translation more accurate and fluent.This paper helps to grasp the rules and characteristics of the translation of reported speech in German academic papers,and also provides a reference for improving the quality of German-Chinese translation.

Exploring the groundwater response to rainfall in a translational landslide using the master recession curve method and cross-correlation function

Rainfall is a common trigger for landslide reactivation,as it raises groundwater levels and reduces bedrock or soil shear resistance.This study focuses on the Kualiangzi landslide in the southern region of Sichuan Province,China.Real-time monitoring of groundwater levels and rainfall from July 2013 to September 2016 is analyzed.Groundwater table increments,considering groundwater drainage rate,were calculated using the water-table fluctuation and master recession curve method and the response time of the groundwater table to rainfall events was estimated using the cross-correlation function.Results reveal that groundwater level declines from tension troughs to landslide fronts in the rainy season,with a significant positive correlation between the groundwater level in the tension trough and landslide surface displacement.Evaluated spring elevations for groundwater discharge range from 410 m to 440 m,which is in agreement with the actual spring elevations(390-423 m).Lag times of groundwater response to rainfall decreases with cumulative rainfall of the rainy periods.In the middle part of the landslide,two responses between rainfall and groundwater levels indicate two water movement pathways:Vertical cracks or fractures resulting from the slow landslide movement,and matrix pore space in unconsolidated sediment.Variations in peak values of the cross-correlation function suggest early dominance of the uniform matrix flow and later dominance of preferential flow during the rainy period.

Transcreation in Advertisement Slogans from the Perspective of Communicative Translation Theory

Through in-depth analysis of advertisement slogans,the present study probes into the unique contribution of trancreation in conveying brand messages and triggering emotional resonance of the audience.The study firstly outlines theoretical basis of transcreation from the perspective of Communicative Translation Theory,emphasizing its uniqueness in the traditional translation paradigm.Then the four key steps of transcreation,including in-depth understanding of the brand essence,sensitive response to cultural differences,flexible use of language skills,and incorporation of creative elements,are examined by means of case analysis in advertisement translation.Finally,the article sums up the positive impact of transcreation on cultural exchange,brand communication and translation field,particularly in the era of globalisation.