Perception of dental appearance and aesthetic analysis among patients,laypersons and dentists

BACKGROUND Current concepts of beauty are increasingly subjective,influenced by the viewpoints of others.The aim of the study was to evaluate divergences in the perception of dental appearance and smile esthetics among patients,laypersons and dental practitioners.The study goals were to evaluate the influence of age,sex,education and dental specialty on the participants’judgment and to identify the values of different esthetic criteria.Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to a dental appearance questionnaire(DAQ).Two frontal photographs were taken,one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and t-test analysis were measured for each group.Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.AIM To compare the perception of dental aesthetic among patients,laypersons,and professional dentists,to evaluate the impact of age,sex,educational background,and income on the judgments made by laypersons,to assess the variations in experience,specialty,age,and sex on professional dentists’judgment,and to evaluate the role of lips,skin shade and tooth shade in different participants’judgments.METHODS Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to DAQ.Two frontal photographs were taken:one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way ANOVA and t-test analysis were measured for each group.RESULTS Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Whereas among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.CONCLUSION Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.

An Index for Measuring Aesthetic Perception of Shopping Building Frontages

Architects treat building frontages with careful attention to aesthetic detail.The ability of a building’s frontage to draw attention is directly proportional to its aesthetic perception resulting from the composition of its constituent physical features.While deciding on the building’s aesthetics is the architect’s prerogative,a question arises as to on what basis can an architect compare various conceptual designs and decide on the best option,considering the building users’“likeability”factor.Aesthetic perception ratings and rankings from 206 regular shoppers were elicited.Further,52 architects were asked to evaluate the aesthetics of these ranked shopping buildings.Combining Architects’Gestalt indices with Birkhoff’s aesthetic measures as well as ranking weightages given by the public,a frontage aesthetic perception index of likeability—FAPIL,is proposed as an indexical aid for design decision making by architects.The findings were elicited by giving due consideration to building users’as well as architect’s judgement so that they can be embodied into the design under conceptualization.Given site and cost constraints faced by the architect,the architect needs to ensure that the aesthetic features contributing to visual order be at least 2.3 times those that contribute to visual complexity for positive aesthetic perception of a shopping building.

Ecological Landscape Planning Considering Landscape Aesthetics (Case Study: Part of Tehran-Qom Freeway)

Visual quality is a significant issue in today’s modern world which needs to be evaluated. This assessment is based on the observer’s perception and sight of space and attempts to introduce the criteria of spatial desirability in the landscape. Analysis of the relationships between visual quality and structural features of the landscape is an effective way of conducting cognitive research. For this purpose, the analysis of visual quality was considered by compiling measurement and evaluation criteria, based on the concept of user preferences, in the part of Tehran-Qom Freeway, near the northeastern side of Imam Khomeini International Airport (Iran). The main objective of this research is to present a strategic plan for preserving and restoring the ecological landscape, creating a sense of place in the region, emphasizing gradual changes in the landscape during the movement and considering its relation to landscape aesthetics. For this purpose, after the questionnaire was prepared, the classifying visual quality method (Q-Sort) was used. Finally, using the results obtained from landscape analysis, identifying the components which led to the lack of visibility of individuals, and by using the geographic information systems (GIS), the strategic design of the area was designed.

Satisfaction of Adult Patients about Their Smile Aesthetics Compared to Dental Professionals Observation

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate personal satisfaction of adult dental patients about their smiles aesthetics in comparison to dental professionals view. Method: One hundred twenty adult patients (76 male and 44 female) visiting the screening clinics of Riyadh colleges of dentistry and Pharmacy were asked to evaluate their smiles by completing a questionnaire containing five questions concerning five aesthetic elements which are: Overall smile;color;shape;alignment of their teeth;and appearance of their gum during smiling. They were asked to rate each of the five categories in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) graded from 0 to 10. A smiling photograph was taken for each patient to be evaluated by two restorative specialists using the same scale. Patients and dental professional mean evaluation scores were statistically analyzed for any significant differences. Result: The average age of the patients was 39.1 years. The mean patients’ satisfaction with their own smiles was [6.47] on the VAS which was statistically higher than the average of dentists’ evaluation scores [4.95] (p Conclusion: Patients’ satisfaction about their dental aesthetics was statistically higher than the dental professional assessments. Dental professionals appear to be more critical in their evaluation of patients smile aesthetics. Age showed no significant relation with the level of satisfaction while gender and reason of dental visit showed a significant relation with patients smile satisfaction.

People＇s Visual Perceptions of Tourism Buildings and Their Environments

The visual and aesthetic aspects of any object are defined by its color, texture, line, and form as well as compositional reference elements such as scale and spatial location in the three-dimensional context. Different methodologies have been developed to conduct visual assessments, based on analyses of the physical, aesthetic, and psychological attributes of the landscape. In this study, relationships between tourism buildings and the environment were analyzed across the perceived landscape and main shopping streets in terms of their color, texture, line and form, scale, and spatial location. Photographic-based questionnaires were administered in Kemer （near Antalya, Turkey） and Knokke （near Brugge, Belgium）. In each location, 30 photographs taken of the coast and principal shopping streets were shown to 100 respondents of different ages, educational backgrounds, and nationalities. Two questions were then asked regarding the visual relationships in the photographs. Six questions regarding socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents were also asked. In both locations, the respondents preferred natural landscapes with few structures, and tourist resorts characterized by small, low-rise, and traditional buildings. The results of this study may provide suggestions for building and landscape architects about how to successfully integrate tourism buildings into the landscape

Geiger's Critique of Dilettantism:Towards Objectivity in Aesthetic Perception

Geiger considers dilettantism as an aesthetic attitude(inner concentration)that undermines the subject's ability to truly perceive the essential value of the artwork and thus calls for outer concentration to actualize the justice of the work itself.Geiger's position suggests that we must pay equitable attention to artworks and that this attitude requires a theory of aesthetic perception—phenomenological realism.However,the complexity of the aesthetic experience presents Geiger with several challenges,not least of which is the realisation of an attitude that bridges emotion and value in aesthetic experience.This paper will attempt to defend and develop the legitimacy of Geiger's position.First,I will clarify Geiger's critique of dilettantism and suggest how this critique distinguishes him from other aesthetic claims;second,I argue that Geiger argues for an aesthetic attitude that distinguishes everyday emotions and thus ensures the value of the work of art as its own;finally,I will complete Geiger's position by drawing on later phenomenology that answers the question of how we realise the perception of artworks.

Aesthetic Perception of Residential Landscapes in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province

The aesthetic perceptions of local residents towards residential landscapes are significant to the protection and sustainable development of regional landscapes, especially in underdeveloped areas with landscape resources of higher aesthetic value. Using Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province as a case study, we conducted questionnaires with 620 local residents and a logistic regression model to determine aesthetic perceptions and factors affecting these perceptions. We found that local residents in Nujiang hold a relatively high perception of their residential landscapes. A majority of respondents, 75.81%, believe their residential landscapes are beautiful. Eight factors were found to influence the aesthetic perception. In direct influential factors, administrative village located in the protected areas and the standard deviation of the elevation around the administrative village have positive influence; distance from administrative village to county town, the ecological environment has changed in recent years, whether tourism development has a negative impact and wish to live in the city have negative influence. In indirect influential factors, both residential house type and have a television at home have positive influence. Based on these results, we discussed relevant policy suggestions to maintain the aesthetic perceptions held by local residents of their residential landscapes and promote the protection and sustainable development of this valuable landscape in Nujiang.

Embodied Perception and Harmonious Unity： Aesthetic Experience in Merleau-Ponty's Theory of Painting and Chinese Song Dynasty Landscapes

This paper explores embodied perception and its relation to aesthetic experience based on French phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty＇s philosophy of painting. The discussion draws cases from both Western art, post-impressionist Paul Cezanne （1839-1906） and non-Western art, Chinese landscape paintings from the Northern Song Dynasty （960-1127）. As I argue, their general vision for the primacy of embodiment in perception is similar; artists in both practices aim at a balance between representing visible forms of nature and interpreting their invisible, yet deeper meanings for human existence. Further, I will argue, a focus on Chinese aesthetic thought helps us recognize the aesthetics of moral existence and hence contributes significantly to self-cultivation. Influenced by Chinese philosophical traditions, Chinese landscape paintings, compared with Cezanne＇s works, exemplify more strongly the indispensable role of the human body and indicate more explicitly a link between embodiment and moral ethics. The latter suggestion of the moral underpinnings in aesthetic perception and experience is particularly significant since Merleau-Ponty has not elaborated upon this point in any explicit manner.

无托槽隐形矫治器治疗骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]的疗效分析

目的 探讨无托槽隐形矫治器治疗骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]的疗效。方法 以2021年7月至2023年10月在郑州大学第一附属医院进行正畸治疗的87例骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]患者为研究对象开展回顾性分析,根据应用矫治器的不同分为传统组(应用传统固定矫治器治疗,n=44)和隐形组(应用无托槽隐形矫治器治疗,n=43)。比较两组矫治效果[采用美国正畸专家认证委员会(ABO)评级系统评定]、侧貌美学指标、牙周指数[探诊深度(PD)、菌斑指数(PLI)及牙龈指数(GI)]及龈沟液炎症因子[白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和可溶性细胞间黏附分子1(sICAM-1)]水平。结果 矫治后,隐形组ABO评级系统中的8项分值及总分与传统组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);矫治后,两组颌凸角、上下中切牙角、U1-PP、FMA、UL-EP、TLL-EP均优于矫治前(P<0.05),其中隐形组上下中切牙角、FMA优于传统组(P<0.05);矫治后,隐形组PD、PLI、GI及龈沟液IL-1β、sICAM-1水平均低于传统组(P<0.05)。结论 无托槽隐形矫治器可有效矫正骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形,提高患者侧貌美观度,并能减少对牙周组织的损害。

论“孔颜之乐”美学命题价值

“孔颜之乐”命题的演变经历了宋儒前的语词诠释、宋儒以来的哲学命题诠释和王国维以来的美学命题诠释三个历程。从美感问题出发,围绕美学史发生逻辑,“孔颜之乐”美学命题有两方面的内涵:其一是人格美感,即“从吾所好”的审美情趣观、“君子上达”的审美意志观与“忧道不忧贫”的审美认知观;其二是艺术美感,即“曲―数―志―人”的四层境界论与“哀而不伤,乐而不淫”的艺术评价“中庸”之道。“孔颜之乐”美学命题的价值主要为发展当代美学基础理论与解决当下民众自身的精神困境,有益于当代美学基础理论立足“人生美学”,并为当下民众探索“诗意地栖居”生活模式提供了理论思路。

历史流变中的古代琴桌形制与审美特征考析

琴桌作为专门放置古琴的家具,是弹奏者演绎美妙乐音不可或缺之物。自古,琴桌为琴而生,因琴而美,古琴的意韵也因为琴桌而变得更加完整优美,谈及琴桌本身,不仅形制俊秀雅致,更是文化与艺术的载体。但是,与古琴的研究相比,琴桌的研究则非常少。以此为因,在文献、古画和实物中搜寻与挖掘在历史流变中古代琴桌文化的踪迹,通过历史文献研究法、图像分析法、实物比对法,以及综合调研法等,对古琴及琴桌的溯源、历史流变进行系统梳理,并总结出中国古代琴桌的形制变化和审美内涵。希望通过这样的探究与分析,能给中国古代琴桌文化的研究提供更有益的借鉴与参考。

以景观感知为中介的生态美学践行途径:目标体系与营造策略

生态美学是一门面向生态危机、致力审美体验与环境健康共赢的规范性学说,对生态文明建设具有重要现实意义。如何借由景观感知研究助推生态美学观的传播,引导公众审美意识转向自然关怀与伦理正义,是风景园林学科关注的重点问题。基于此,旨在借由理论综述与案例分析探讨以景观感知为中介的生态美学践行途径。具体包括:(1)在概念框架层面,讨论了景观感知、生态美学观及风景园林实践的关系;(2)在价值规范层面,构建了践行生态美学的目标体系,包含“安全氛围的暗示”“关怀意图的显露”“地方文脉的反映”“生态规律的阐释”及“生态伦理的激发”5个关键维度;(3)在实践应用层面,凝练了围绕目标体系的一系列风景园林营造策略。通过系统认识美学规范与景观实践间的作用关系,以期为基于人本感知的、面向当代美学诉求的风景园林研究提供有益参考。

先天性上睑下垂患者治疗意愿及与其美观感知度的相关性研究

目的:研究上睑下垂患者治疗意愿及其与美观感知度的相关性。方法:选取2018年8月-2022年10月于笔者医院确诊上睑下垂的87例患者作为研究对象,通过调查问卷的方式了解患者的治疗意愿,根据治疗意愿将其分为意愿组和无意愿组,通过黄金美人任务(Golden Beauty Task,GBT)对患者的审美感知能力进行评估,采用Logistic回归分析上睑下垂患者治疗意愿的影响因素。结果:87例上睑下垂患者中具有治疗意愿的有51例,占总人数的58.62%,客观审美判断(Objective aesthetic judgement,OAJ)和主观审美判断(Subjective aesthetic judgement,SAJ)评分分别为(15.23±4.15)分、(14.88±3.76)分,Pearson相关系数分析显示,OAJ(r=0.452,P<0.05)和SAJ(r=0.483,P<0.05)评分与治疗意愿呈正相关;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,OAJ(OR=1.575)、SAJ(OR=1.739)、年龄(OR=0.142)、性别(OR=0.194)、家庭人均年收入(OR=1.100)均是影响治疗意愿的相关因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,OAJ、SAJ、年龄、性别、家庭人均年收入的AUC分别为0.743、0.783、0.625、0.606和0.721(均P<0.05)。结论:上睑下垂患者的美观感知度越好,治疗意愿越强,同时家庭收入、年龄、性别等因素影响着上睑下垂患者的治疗意愿。

处境不利青少年美育实践感知与生活满意度的关系:感恩倾向和亲子沟通的链式中介作用

为考察处境不利青少年美育实践感知与生活满意度的关系,以及感恩倾向与亲子沟通在其中的作用,本研究对1811名高中生展开问卷调查,结果发现:(1)美育实践感知显著正向预测处境不利青少年生活满意度。(2)感恩倾向在处境不利青少年的美育实践感知和生活满意度中起中介作用。(3)亲子沟通在处境不利青少年的美育实践感知和生活满意度中起中介作用。(4)感恩倾向和亲子沟通在处境不利青少年的美育实践感知和生活满意度中起链式中介作用。

风景园林美感探究——景的人境感应机制与景境回路设计原理

围绕风景园林美感的研究对象、个体与群体、文化与科学、误区与症结、研究战略、如何创新突破等问题,以“景”为主线,揭示风景园林美感成因与机制的流变性,构建景境回路设计原理。分别从哲学、人居环境学、风景园林学三方面展开,构建景的“人-境互动”模型,剖析景作为风景园林美感的源头、成因、机制作用,揭示景的“人-境互动”流变机制。为此,分析论述了景与园、与意境的关系,提出“经”的概念。进一步阐明了建筑学非生命美学与风景园林生命美学的根本差别及因偏离了基于生命美学的风景园林美学分析评价的基本方向性误导,主张以风景园林的过程动态感受主导风景园林美感评价,指出流变性这一风景园林美感美学的内在属性,提出以“景流”作为评价风景园林美感的准则和标准,并为风景园林美感流变理论奠定基础。具体成果如下:1)提出了“风景园林美感流变理论”雏形;2)发展中国传统八景理论,提出了主观、客观、主客观结合的“3类八景”24位元素及其8条风景园林美感规划设计的流变线索;3)基于美感流变理论,构建了由回路、景境、景阻、景势、景流组成的“景境回路设计原理”。

感质理论下皮革文化产品形态设计研究

感质理论作为一种转化技术,能够将消费者对皮革文化产品的主观感受和意象转化为具体的设计参数,进而融入文化产品形态感质力的形成与传递过程中。文章通过对感质理论在皮革工艺产品形态设计中实际应用的探讨,旨在将消费者的感官认知与文化产品的设计元素有机结合,并通过建立科学的评估体系,确保最终产出的皮革文化产品不仅满足市场需求,同时具备高度的审美价值。

传统文化在高校美育教育中的渗透路径研究

在全面推动高等教育教学工作改革与优化的过程中,除了一直提倡的德育教育工作外,要想实现培育高素质人才的教育目的,全范围落实素质教育教学理念要求,还需要关注高校美育教育工作展开的重要意义。而为了增强高校美育教育内容之美、空间之美和过程之美,文章认为需要结合传统文化的渗透,为美育教育工作的实施提供丰富的美育文化资源,借此保证学生能够通过美育的体验美、美育的欣赏美、美育的表达美,强化传统文化感知、涵养传统文化认同、厚植传统文化自信。

当代艺术哲学中的媒介之辩

当代艺术哲学中关于媒介的本质与作用问题产生了不同争论。“媒介特殊性”源于莱辛诗画界限之说,强调每一种艺术形式都有其特定媒介。当代美学家诺埃尔·卡罗尔对“媒介特殊性”进行了持续批判,提出要“忘掉媒介”。他强调不同媒介之间是相互作用的,却只是把媒介看作物理材料。“媒介特殊性”理论在当代艺术哲学中复苏,“媒介之巢”与“媒介轮廓”之说相继被提出,它们不再把媒介看作材料,而是把媒介视作技术、资源和符号的统一。从总体上讲,当代艺术哲学中的这一媒介之辩还是把媒介视作艺术表达的工具。只有超越媒介工具论,才能超越媒介之辩。媒介包括物质基础与语言符号两个层面,审美感知经由媒介之途抵达多元的艺术实践。

足球美学——一种关于接受、阐释与理性构建的身体叙事

足球是世界级的显学,其奇观性、想象性、陪伴性功能很强烈,三者合成了其审美维度。足球从一种身体游戏逐渐进化为一种审美体系,其所经历的恰是从经典身体学到口头叙事学的演进过程。足球美学一度难以在传统美学的范畴内获得认同,却极易在现代美学的体系内成为主流。中国的足球美学经历了球迷口述、跨学科交融、融入传统美学界三个阶段,其中混合了球迷感知、大历史观启示以及文化学、生物学、进化论、物种学等多学科知识能量。足球发达国家的相关研究成果,所涉及的评判理性、戏剧美学、球迷成瘾、想象力、哲学虚构、足球诗学、足球修辞学、美丽足球等议题都有很大的开拓性意义,类似的议题将足球美学导入一种虚构与真实、身体与信念、神话与图腾、审美与审丑之类的复合式文化构成体。

基于多通道信息感知下的城市品牌SOR美学设计研究

目的媒介高度发展,社会公众的信息获取进入多通道信息感知时代。公众的信息来源错综复杂,信息结构混乱不堪,大大增强了城市品牌塑造的难度。通过SOR(Stimuli Organism Response)模型的设计和导入,可以破解受众的信息认知障碍,把城市品牌形象植入到受众的感知系统,实现城市品牌塑造的目的。方法基于SOR模型,采用SPSS数据分析法、文献研究法、探索性研究法对特定的受众进行实验与跟踪。通过SOR模型的刺激和调整,提高受众信息认知效果。结果通过多通道信息感知原理的运用,以城市品牌形象传播碎片化和城市周边等各个主题的拼接,本地化多元视角的结合,以视听一体化,味感一体化的多通道传播单元的组合,构建了“结构式”的城市形象传播框架,颠覆和重构了城市形象,并以基于多通道信息感知下的高效SOR模型,成功提高了城市品牌塑造的质量和速度。结论在当前多通道信息感知环境下,受众的信息获取异常混乱,城市品牌难以塑造,利用SOR模型对受众信息认知系统进行设计、建构与优化,有助于更快、更好、持续稳定的传播信息,实现城市美学品牌塑造的最终目的。