The effect of renal stones on serum adenosine aminohydrolase and AMP-aminohydrolase in Malaysia

Objective: To verify possible associations between adenosine aminohydrolase(ADA) and AMP-aminohydrolase(AMPDA) to E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2(NSMCE2) in patients with renal stones. And to isolate, purify and characterize ADA in patients with renal stones and healthy group.Methods: A total of 60 renal stones patients and 50 control were enrolled in a case-control study. The blood urea, creatinine, uric acid, protein, albumin, ADA and AMPDA were measured by colorimetric tests. The serum NSMCE2 was measured by ELISA.Results: Serum ADA, AMPDA and specii c activity of enzymes showed signii cant decrease(P < 0.05) in patients with renal stones compared to control group, mean levels of sera NSMCE2 and uric acid had a signii cant increase(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) in patients compared to control group.Conclusions: The present study suggests that ADA, AMP deaminase and NSMCE2 can be used as a indicator to monitor the DNA damage and inl ammation disorders in the patients with kidney stones.

Vitamin D₃Variation between Children and Adults with Reference to Renal Stones, Environment and Urinary Tract Infections

Purpose: A better understanding of urinary tract infection (UTI) and the role of host, bacterial and environmental factors have improved the ability to identify the patients at risk and prevent or minimize sequelae. Kidney stones may be a complicated subject and its etiology is related to diet, increase urinary solutes and colloids in hot weather. Hypercalcaemia produced by taking large doses of vitamin D, creates high blood pressure and calcium deposits that can produce renal and bludder stones in all age groups including children. The objective of the present study was to estimate the serum level of vitamin D among patients particularly children taking treatable vitamin D. Correlation between vitamin D renal stones and UTI was also assessed. Methods: The number of patients studied was 150 collected during 2010 and 2011 in University teaching hospital. Forty two of them were children. The patients under study should have renal stone confirmed by ultrasound examination. Urine, blood and stone samples were taken for relevant laboratory investigations including identification of bacteriuria and its causative agents. Serum ions and vitamin D were also estimated. Type of renal stone collected was chemically identified. Results: One hundred and fifty patients with urolithiasis were included in the present study whose ages ranged from 8 months to 69 years and the ratio of males to females was 1.7:1. The frequency of patients revealed UTI was 52% and 78% of the infected patients were suffered from Gram-negative bacteria particularly Escherichia coli. Renal stones of mixed chemical composition were almost 72% and 78.2% of the stones were infection type. The mean of serum calcium was 2.157 mmol/L. The serum means of vitamin D among children and adults were 50.9 and 31.4 nmol/L respectively and the peak of this vitamin was recorded during summer. Conclusion: The frequency of UTI among urolithiasis patients was greater than that of non-urolithiasis. Enterobacteriaceae was the dominant family causing UTI particularly among females. Urolithiasis was more prevalent in males (62%). Recurrence of urolithiasis was high (39%) which indicated insufficient treatment of the underlying causes. Serum ions concentrations among children and adults were variables. Vitamin D values in children were higher than those estimated among adults and the peak of its overall concentration mean was found during summer (39.7 nmol/L). There was a strong relation between vitamin D level and the incidence of urolithiasis particularly among children with dietary problems.

Occurrence of Nanobacteria-Like Particles in Renal Stones of a Southern Brazilian Population

Purpose: Identifying the source of stone formation in recurrent stone formers has always been a big problem. Material and Methods: In this study kidney stones from 52 patients were submitted to direct examination by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) after manual fracture and 27 calculi were cultured in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (E-MEM) and Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) for eight weeks at 37°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere. Twenty-seven powdered and demineralized stones were suspended in sterile PBS, filtered through 0.22 m-pore-size sterile filters Millex (Millipore, Massachusetts, USA) and submitted to DNA extraction (Quiagen-Brazil). Platinum PCR SuperMIX (GIBCO-BRL), primers (Invitrogen), and Ultra Pure Water (Advanced Biotechnologies, Columbia, MD) were used for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), which was generally conducted for 30 or 35 cycles with annealing of primers for 40 sec at 55°C and extension for 1 min at 72°C. Results: In 36 out 52 (69%) kidney stones it was detected the presence of biofilm coating the mineral surface of the stone when examined by SEM, consisting of coccoid particles, isolated or clustered, with diameter of 500 nm or less. Eleven out 27 (41%) kidney stone cultures produced white-colored sediment on the bottom of the tubes after eight-week incubation, revealing tiny structures similar to those observed directly by SEM. These structures were similar in size and morphology to spherical apatite particles previously observed in human kidney stones and named as nanobacteria (NB). No PCR products were observed in the samples. Conclusion: We found a strong correlation between renal stones and calcifying nanoparticles (CNP) in this study and these results open a new insight on this area to explore the etiology of stone formation. Whether NB/CNP are truly microorganisms or self-propagating mineral compounds is still controversial and its contribution, if any, in apatite nucleation and crystal growth remains uncertain.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Treatment for Renal and Ureteral Stones in Duhok City

The present study reports the results of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy treatment for renal and ureteral stones in Duhok city. The data were collected from the center of breakdown kidney stones in Duhok hospital. There were a total of 40 patients (25 males and 15 females) aged from 20 to 60 years old. The patients harboring (23 renal and 17 ureteral) stones of size ranged from 7.5 to 20 mm. Almost stones are of average size 9 mm and composed of uric acid, calcium and cystine stones. The study has been carried out by taking into consideration the parameters (type, sizes, composition and location of stone as well as region and ages of patients, also power, number of shock wave and sessions). The results show that the stones size increases according to increasing ages of patients (male and female) for uric acid ureter stone and calcium (renal, ureter) stones. Also (renal, ureter) stone size for patients aged from 20 to 30 years old increases from the minimum value for phosphate to maximum value for cystine stones, while for patients aged from 40 to 60 years old, the minimum size is obtained for calcium oxalate and the maximum size for calcium only. On the other hand, for uric acid stones of average size 9 mm, number of shock wave and sessions as well as the power required to breakdown the stones decrease nearly exponentially according to enhancing patients’ ages. At the same time, it's found that for adult patients (20 - 30 years old), number of sessions and the power of shock wave decrease also according to increasing size of calcium and cystine stones. Contrary to that, for the same ages and renal, uretral cysteine stones number of shock wave needed to breakdown large stones will be increased.

Effect of urinary stone disease and its treatment on renal function

Urolithiasis is a common disease that affects urinary tract in all age groups. Both in adults and in children, stone size, location, renal anatomy, and other factors, can influence the success of treatment modalities. Recently, there has been a great advancement in technology for minimally invasive management of urinary stones. The epoch of open treatment modalities has passed and currently there are much less invasive treatment approaches, such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopy, shockwave lithotripsy, and retrograde internal Surgery. Furthermore, advancement in imaging technics ensures substantial knowledge that permit physician to decide the most convenient treatment method for the patient. Thus, effective and rapid treatment of urinary tract stones is substantial for the preservation of the renal function. In this review, the effects of the treatment options for urinary stones on renal function have been reviewed.

Retroperitoneal vs transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy of 20-40 mm renal stones within horseshoe kidneys

BACKGROUND Horseshoe kidney(HK)with renal stones is challenging for urologists.Although both retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic approaches have been reported in some case reports,the therapeutic outcome of retroperitoneal compared with transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy is unknown.AIM To assess the efficacy of laparoscopic lithotripsy for renal stones in patients with HK.METHODS This was a retrospective study of 12 patients with HK and a limited number(n≤3)of 20-40 mm renal stones treated with either retroperitoneal or transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy(June 2012 to May 2019).The perioperative data of both groups were compared including operation time,estimated blood loss,postoperative fasting time,perioperative complications and stone-free rate(SFR).RESULTS No significant difference was observed for age,gender,preoperative symptoms,body mass index,preoperative infection,hydronephrosis degree,largest stone diameter,stone number and isthmus thickness.The mean postoperative fasting time of the patients in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was 1.29±0.49 and 2.40±0.89 d,respectively(P=0.019).There was no significant difference in operation time(194.29±102.48 min vs 151.40±39.54 min,P=0.399),estimated blood loss(48.57±31.85 m L vs 72.00±41.47 m L,P=0.292)and length of hospital stay(12.14±2.61 d vs 12.40±3.21 d,P=0.881)between the retroperitoneal and transperitoneal groups.All patients in both groups had a complete SFR and postoperative renal function was within the normal range.The change in estimated glomerular filtration rate(e GFR)from the preoperative stage to postoperative day 1 in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was-3.86±0.69 and-2.20±2.17 m L/(min·1.73 m2),respectively(P=0.176).From the preoperative stage to the 3-mo follow-up,the absolute change in e GFR values for patients in the retroperitoneal group and the transperitoneal group was-3.29±1.11 and-2.40±2.07 m L/(min·1.73 m2),respectively(P=0.581).CONCLUSION Both retroperitoneal and transperitoneal laparoscopic lithotripsy seem to be safe and effective for HK patients with a limited number of 20-40 mm renal stones.

Effectiveness of Using Renalof®in the Elimination of Kidney Stones under 10 mm Located in the Renal-Ureteral Tract

Background: In view of the high recurrence of kidney stones in patients, the search for less aggressive, preventive treatments has become increasingly essential. Renalof® offers a phytotherapy alternative. Due to its diuretic and kidney stone demineralisation properties, it has been widely used in this patient population, disintegrating and eliminating calcium oxalate and struvite kidney stones painlessly in the genitourinary system. Methods: A Phase II, randomised, prospective, observational, single-blind study with two treatment arms was conducted in order to determine the efficacy of this alternative therapy: a total of 155 patients were enrolled, 120 were assigned to a Renalof® treatment group and 35 to the placebo group. All were over 18 years of age, of both genders, diagnosed with kidney stones of under 10 mm in diameter, present along the entire renal-ureteral-vesicular tract, diagnosed by ultrasound and renal CAT scan. Divided into two study arms, 120 were administered a dosage of a single 325 mg capsule of the Renalof® product half an hour before the two main meals for 3 months. The presence of kidney stones in any part of the renal-ureteral tract was assessed at monthly consultations using one of the above-mentioned diagnostic tools. Results: Study results show a high rate of effectiveness with Renalof®, finding up to a 65% expulsion rate (78 patients) in the first 8 weeks of treatment, compared to 11.4% (4 patients) in the placebo control group, P < 0.001. It is likely a longer follow-up period would be necessary in patients with kidney stones of 10 mm in diameter or larger than the period applied in the study. Discussion: We strongly recommend the inclusion of this product in kidney stone disease management protocols, especially for patients with kidney stones under 10 mm in diameter, where high response and effectiveness have been observed. Thus, it should be evaluated to reduce surgical treatment costs, as well as those for possible colic episodes and other associated complications.

Sheathless and fluoroscopy-free retrograde intrarenal surgery:An attractive way of renal stone management in high-volume stone centers

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sheathless and fluoroscopy-free flexible ureterorenoscopic laser lithotripsy(FURSL)for treating renal stones.Methods:Between May 2015 and May 2017,135 patients with renal stones treated with sheathless and fluoroscopy-free FURSL were prospectively evaluated.Our technique involved a semirigid ureteroscopic assessment of the ureter,and the guidewire was left in situ to railroad the flexible ureteroscope.A holmium laser was used to fragment and dust the stones;fragments were neither grasped nor collected.Results:The study population consisted of 135 patients including 85 males(62.96%)and 50 females(37.04%)with a mean age of 40.65 years(range:3-70 years)were evaluated.The mean stone size was 17.23 mm(range:8-41 mm).Complete stone-free status was achieved in 122(90.37%)patients and clinically insignificant residual fragments(CIRF)in two(1.48%),while residual stones were still present in 11(8.15%)patients.Postoperative complications occurred in 23(17.4%)cases and were mostly minor,including fever in 17(12.6%),pyelonephritis in four(3.0%),subcapsular hematoma in one(0.7%)and steinstrasse in one(0.7%).These complications were Clavien Ⅰ-Ⅱ,GⅠ in 17(12.6%)patients,GⅡ in five(3.7%),and Clavien Ⅲb in one(0.7%).No major complications were observed.Stone size2 cm,operative time ≥30 min,and lasing time ≥20 min were significantly associated with a higher rate of complications and lower stone-free rates upon univariate analysis(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sheathless and fluoroscopy-free FURSL are effective and safe for renal stone management,especially for stones under 2 cm in diameter.This process is a feasible option for avoiding sheath complications,which can protect surgeons from the negative effects of radiation.

Bilateral stones as a cause of acute renal failure in the emergency department

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure(ARF) due to obstructive uropathy is a urological emergency. The standard radiological investigations in the emergency setting include X-ray, ultrasonography and computed tomography. But occasionally the cause of obstruction may be elusive.METHODS: We present a case of obstructive uropathy due to bilateral stones presenting as acute renal failure. The patient underwent successful shock wave lithotripsy(SWL) for dissolution of calculi.RESULTS: The patient was successfully treated, and reported asymptomatic in a follow-up.CONCLUSION: Close collaboration between nephrological, urological, and radiological services is required.

Simple Renal Cyst with Clustering of Small Stones in an Elderly Patient withType II Diabetes Mellitus

Intracystic renal stones are rare.The authors wishto report here an aged case of type 2 diabetes mellituscomplicated with sohtary renal cyst with intracysticstones.

Comparison of combined laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and flexible ureteroscopy with percutaneous nephrolithotomy for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones

Objectives:The present study compared the safety and efficacy of combined laparoscopic ureterolithotomy(LU)and flexible ureteroscopy with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones.Methods:This study included 52 patients who underwent combined LU and retrograde flexible ureteroscopy for removing renal stones(group A)or PCNL(group B)for removing large upper impacted ureteral stones and concurrent renal stones at our department from January 2014 to December 2016.Patient demographics,stone characteristics,and procedure-related parameters including stone-free rate,operation time,hospital stay after surgery,mean decrease in hemoglobin levels,visual analog scale(VAS)score,auxiliary procedure rate,and complication rate were compared between groups A and B.Results:Results of this study showed that both procedures were effective for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones.The stone-free rate after a single procedure was 95.7%in group A and 89.7%in group B(p?0.62).The operation time was longer in group A than in group B(112.2±23.3 min versus 96.2±16.4 min,p?0.006).However,no significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to the length of hospital stay after the surgery(5 days versus 6 days,p?0.06).The decrease in hemoglobin levels was significantly higher in group B than in group A(0.64±0.36 g/dL versus1.44±0.65 g/dL,p<0.0001).The mean VAS scores obtained at 24 hours(2.91±1.08 versus 5.10±1.01,p<0.0001)and 48 hours after the surgery(1.09±0.73 versus 2.28±0.96,p<0.0001)were significantly higher for group B than for group A.Moreover,the auxiliary procedure rate was higher in group B than in group A(6.9%versus 0%).Conclusion:These results indicate that both combined LU and flexible ureteroscopy and PCNL are suitable for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones and are associated with a high rate of patients being stone free afterwards.Despite the longer operation time,the combined laparoscopic and endourological procedure may be associated with less postoperative pain and fewer major complications.However,the choice of treatment depends on the preferences of surgeons and patients.

Renal calcification in children with renal tubular acidosis:What a paediatrician should know

Renal tubular acidosis(RTA)can lead to renal calcification in children,which can cause various complications and impair renal function.This review provides pediatricians with a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between RTA and renal calcification,highlighting essential aspects for clinical manage-ment.The article analyzed relevant studies to explore the prevalence,risk factors,underlying mechanisms,and clinical implications of renal calcification in children with RTA.Results show that distal RTA(type 1)is particularly associated with nephrocalcinosis,which presents a higher risk of renal calcification.However,there are limitations to the existing literature,including a small number of studies,heterogeneity in methodologies,and potential publication bias.Longitudinal data and control groups are also lacking,which limits our understanding of longterm outcomes and optimal management strategies for children with RTA and renal calcification.Pediatricians play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and management of RTA to mitigate the risk of renal calcification and associated complications.In addition,alkaline therapy remains a cornerstone in the treatment of RTA,aimed at correcting the acid-base imbalance and reducing the formation of kidney stones.Therefore,early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions are paramount in preventing and managing renal calcification to preserve renal function and improve long-term outcomes for affected children.Further research with larger sample sizes and rigorous methodologies is needed to optimize the clinical approach to renal calcification in the context of RTA in the pediatric population.

肾结石患者报告结局测评量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的 汉化剑桥肾结石患者报告结局(PRO)测评量表(CReSP),并对其进行信效度检验,以期为临床评估肾结石PRO提供特异性量表。方法 对原量表进行翻译-回译-跨文化调试-预实验,形成中文版量表。于2021年8月-2022年4月选取我院420例肾结石患者作为研究对象进行调查研究,验证量表的信效度。结果 中文版CReSP共包括6个维度、14个条目。量表各条目的内容效度指数为0.80~1.00,量表内容效度指数为0.79;提取公因子共6个,方差累计贡献率为78.602%;Promax斜交旋转后各条目因子载荷量为0.650~0.989,验证性因子分析结果显示模型适配度良好。量表及各个维度Cronbach′s α系数为0.859~0.959;其重测信度为0.804~0.941。结论 中文版CReSP具有良好的信效度,可作为肾结石PRO的特异性评价工具。

单通道经皮肾镜联合输尿管软镜治疗合并肾盏颈口狭窄的复杂肾结石疗效观察

目的 探讨单通道经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)联合输尿管软镜碎石术(RIRS)治疗合并肾盏颈口狭窄的复杂性肾结石的安全性及疗效。方法 回顾性分析2019年7月至2022年2月金华市中心医院收治的26例合并肾盏颈口狭窄的复杂性肾结石患者。所有患者均存在不同程度肾盏颈口狭窄伴肾盏积水,其中狭窄位于上盏21例,中盏3例,下盏2例;3例双侧肾结石,14例肾及输尿管多发结石,18例鹿角形结石。结石大小(40.6±13.5)mm,CT值(1 124.7±364.0)HU,结石负荷评分系统评分(8.7±0.8)分。所有患者均采用顺行PCNL联合RIRS。结果 26例患者均顺利完成手术并扩张狭窄通道留置双J管,平均手术时间(110.8±36.2)min。术中、术后均无严重出血和感染并发症。泌尿手术后并发症评分系统Ⅰ、Ⅱ级并发症发生率分别为7.7%(2例)、15.4%(4例),无Ⅲ级以上并发症。术后1个月复查腹部CT,一期结石取净率80.8%(21/26),二期结石取净率92.3%(24/26)。术后2~14 d拔除肾造瘘管,术后1~3个月拔除双J管。术后随访3~12个月,未见狭窄复发。结论 PCNL联合RIRS治疗合并肾盏颈口狭窄复杂性肾结石可有效扩张狭窄通道,结石取净率高且并发症少,是一种安全有效的治疗方案。

可控负压吸引下输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗肾结石合并尿路感染的疗效分析

目的 分析肾结石且伴有尿路感染患者应用可控负压吸引下输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗的临床效果。方法 80例肾结石合并尿路感染患者,将样本经随机法分为实验组和对照组,每组40例。对照组患者接受常压输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗,实验组患者接受可控负压吸引下输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗。比较两组患者术后住院时间、术后血尿时间、手术时间、术后结石清除率及术后感染发生情况。结果 实验组患者的术后住院时间(2.55±1.45)d、术后血尿时间(1.13±0.56)d、手术时间(42.30±4.24)min明显短于对照组的(4.00±2.35)d、(2.20±0.65)d、(63.03±6.33)min(P<0.05)。实验组患者的术后感染发生率为12.5%(5/40),相比于对照组的40.0%(16/40)低(P<0.05),手术更安全、可靠。实验组患者的术后结石清除率97.5%(39/40)显著高于对照组的82.5%(33/40)(P<0.05),术后残石率更低。结论 可控负压吸引下输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术应用于肾结石合并尿路感染治疗中,能够有效缩短住院时间及手术时间,提高术后结石清除率,降低患者术后发热发生率,安全有效。

肾上盏与肾中盏穿刺路径在经皮肾镜碎石术中的临床疗效对比

目的:探讨超声引导下肾上盏和肾中盏穿刺路径在经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)中的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年5月—2023年10月于宜昌市中心人民医院行PCNL的220例上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据穿刺路径分为两组,经肾上盏穿刺为观察组(n=108),经肾中盏穿刺为对照组(n=112)。对比两组患者的治疗效果及手术并发症。结果:观察组患者手术时间(46.42±9.73 min vs 69.13±15.78 min)、住院时间(5.13±1.20天vs 6.29±1.53天)均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),观察组患者一期结石清除率(82.41%vs 71.43%)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后血红蛋白下降量及肌酐值无明显差异(均P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症总发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下经肾上盏穿刺路径行PCNL可缩短手术时间及住院时间,提高一期结石清除率,临床效果确切,安全有效。

逆行输尿管软镜联合可弯曲负压吸引鞘治疗>2 cm肾结石的疗效观察

目的 探讨逆行输尿管软镜联合可弯曲负压吸引鞘治疗>2 cm肾结石的安全性、可行性及疗效。方法 回顾性分析2021年11月至2023年5月68例采用输尿管软镜联合可弯曲负压吸引鞘治疗>2 cm肾结石患者的临床资料。评估结石清除率及并发症等情况。结果 结石长径2.1~3.7(2.56±0.55)cm,CT值638~1485(929.2±286.9)Hu。一次进镜成功率100%,手术时间50~170(95.4±27.9)min。术后4周总结石清除率88.24%,其中结石长径2~3 cm组清除率93.88%,>3 cm组清除率73.68%。术后总并发症发生率2.94%,其中结石长径2~3 cm组并发症发生率2.04%,>3 cm组并发症发生率5.26%。2例均为术后高热,经抗感染治疗后好转。所有患者无大出血、脏器损伤等并发症发生。结论 逆行输尿管软镜联合可弯曲负压吸引鞘治疗>2 cm肾结石是安全可行的,且并发症少,临床疗效确切,可在临床推广应用。

滋肾通淋排石汤辅助治疗在肾结石术后患者中的应用及机制

目的探讨滋肾通淋排石汤辅助治疗在肾结石术后患者中的应用及机制。方法选取该院2021年2月—2022年2月收治的肾结石术后患者202例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各101例。两组患者均给予常规的输尿管软镜碎石术进行治疗,术后给予对照组患者常规体位排石治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予滋肾通淋排石汤联合进行治疗,两组均治疗2周。比较两组治疗后的临床疗效,治疗前后的中医证候积分、肾功能、炎性应激指标水平,不同时点的视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)。结果治疗后观察组临床总有效率高于对照组;与治疗前比较,治疗后两组尿频、腰痛、少腹急满、血尿、淋漓不爽评分及血清β2微球蛋白(β2 microglobulin,β2-MG)、肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、白细胞介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10)、超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、高迁移率族蛋白-1(high mobility group box-1 protein,HMGB1)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)水平均降低,观察组低于对照组;与治疗前比较,治疗3 d~2周后两组VAS评分呈逐渐降低趋势,观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论滋肾通淋排石汤应用于肾结石术后患者,可以减轻疼痛,改善肾功能,抑制炎症反应和应激反应,提升临床治疗效果。

二甲双胍通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3通路改善草酸钙诱导人肾小管上皮细胞损伤研究

目的研究二甲双胍(metformin,Met)通过抑制NF-κBNLRP3通路改善草酸钙(Calcium Oxalate,CaOx)诱导人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)损伤。方法分别随机将人肾小管上皮细胞分成对照组、实验组(CaOx+HK-2)、高浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+1.2 mM Met)、低浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+0.80 mM Met)、通路干预组(CaOx+HK-2+PDTC)五组。各组细胞培养24 h,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(Elisa)法检测细胞上清液中炎症因子(IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β),采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测细胞中NF-κB、NLRP3、骨桥蛋白(OPN)mRNA。结果各组间细胞上清液IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β含量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);各组间细胞中NF-κBmRNA表达量、NLRP3mRNA表达量、OPNmRNA表达量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论1.20 mmol/L或0.80 mmol/L Met可以通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3通路调控下游的炎症相关蛋白及黏附蛋白表达,继而改善CaOx诱导人肾小管上皮细胞损伤及减少草酸钙肾结石形成。

微创经皮肾镜取石术在输尿管上段结石合并感染中的效果

目的观察微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗输尿管上段结石合并感染的效果。方法本次研究对象为福建省福清市医院2021年1月—2023年5月接受诊治的60例输尿管上段结石合并感染患者,由随机数字表法选取划分为试验组、对照组,各30例。此次研究中的试验组受试者实施微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗措施,对照组则实施经尿道输尿管镜碎石术。结束干预之后,比对试验对象之间的治疗总有效率、并发症发生率、结石清除率和肾功能水平。结果治疗后,试验组的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组并发症发生率比对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组结石清除率比对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在肾功能水平方面,试验组的血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)比对照组更低,血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)比对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在试验组的治疗过程中,给予输尿管上段结石合并感染患者微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗干预,其实施后的效果相对较好。患者的症状在治疗干预后,得以显著改善,其出现并发症的情况相对较少,其自身的结石清除率也得以提升,肾功能也随之改善,值得被临床应用推广。