Choosing Mandarin Senegal’s public and private schools keep up with demand for study of the Chinese language

In Dakar, Happy Kids Kindergarten has set itself an ambitious challenge： to teach Senegalese toddlers to speak Chinese. This kindergarten, located in Ngor District, boasts of being the first trilingual school in Senegal. In addition to French （the country＇s official language） and English, the school also teaches Mandarin. With China being the world＇s most popu lous country and second largest economy, there is much to benefit from it this decision.

The Application of TBL Using Role Play to Introduce Vocabulary in China's Private Language School

A specific application of task-based learning in teaching vocabulary to young learners and a complete task cycle using role play to present vocabulary in China's private language school would be described in the study. The participants aged between 7 and 9 are thought to be starters according to their language competence in Common European Framework of Reference for language. The rationale for stages in the task cycle will be fully explored with reference to Piaget and Vygotsky's theory in teaching young learners. The advantages of the adoption of TBL with young learners will be illustrated and some possible problems in implementing TBL in China, a representative country of Confucian-heritage culture would also be discussed in the paper. The study indicates that young learners in China are quite welcome this new approach in their English classes, but the targeted learners' age and background information need to be taken into consideration when actually implement this approach.

Improving the Organizational Forms of Private Colleges from the Perspective of the Common Benefit Company System

The“profit-making”attribute of commercial subjects shapes the classification system of legal representatives and the contents of corresponding norms in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China.The division of non-profit and non-commercial in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Promotion of Privately-Run Schools not only conforms to the provisions of General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China,but also lays an institutional foundation for the classified management of private colleges.However,it cannot solve the problem of substantial profit-making behaviors of non-profit private colleges.As an important organizational form of enterprise organizations,the“Common Benefit Company”has changed the rule-making for traditional for-profit companies,so that the organizational form can be applied to both profit and public welfare enterprises.The functional design of the common benefit company system can now be applied to standardize the organizational structures of private colleges in China.Drawing lessons from the legislative experience regarding the common benefit company,we can enhance the organizational structures of our private colleges by implementing the common benefit company.

分类管理背景下民办学校举办者的法律地位

党的二十大报告明确指出,坚持以人民为中心发展教育,加快建设高质量教育体系,引导规范民办教育发展。以法治思维和法治方式推进民办教育领域改革和发展是新时代教育强国建设的重要组成部分。在民办教育法律法规的分类管理深入实施阶段,新《民促法》关于非营利性与营利性民办学校的基本分类为举办者法律地位的探讨奠定了重要基础,也为举办者法律地位的重构和分类提供了重要契机。新《民促法》及《民促法实施条例》并未直接明确民办学校举办者的法律地位及合法权益的主要外延。当前,立足于民办学校举办者法律地位的概念界定和文献回顾,从民办学校举办者法律地位的实践逻辑入手,对非营利性、营利性民办学校的主要权利与义务以及过渡阶段民办学校的比照原则进行梳理阐述,为民办学校举办者法律地位的规范再造奠定基础,助力推动民办教育高质量发展。

Public School:公立学校还是私立学校?--对英美Public School差异的历史考察

英国的Public Shool名为公学实为私立学校,美国的Public School是公立学校,这种同词异义现象是由英美两国教育发展的历史差异造成的。英国的Public School最初为免费的、具有慈善性质的学校,于17世纪随着工商业的发展和中产阶级的兴起,转变为具有中等教育性质的高收费私立学校,初步具备了今天公学的特征;美国的Public School在殖民地早期传袭了英国公学的特征,在殖民地晚期转变为面向人人开放的收费学校,到公共学校运动之后变成面向所有公众、税收维持而免费、非教派性、州监管的公立学校。Public School在英美两国的差异及其发展历程提醒我们,公立学校与私立学校都是一个国家教育体系的重要组成部分,必须适应时代的发展并科学定位,才能为本国的教育作出应有的贡献。

Shanghai’s administrative model for private schools during the Republican period

Private schools were very prosperous in Shanghai during the Republican period.Shanghai Municipal Educational Bureau adopted a pattern of indirect management,especially attaching importance to normalizing and guiding the mechanism for operating a school by taking the basic measures for the registration administration.Meanwhile,appropriate funding was given to private school so that they could enjoy fair treatment and full confidence.What was more,necessary interventions were made on finances and running a school.Indirect model of managing many private schools dramatically reduced the financial burden on Shanghai municipal public education.It also provided an important prerequisite for urban educational administration to concentrate on macro management system.

Peer Pressure and Family Smoking Habits Influence Smoking Uptake in Teenage Boys Attending School: Multilevel Modeling of Survey Data

Introduction: Among young teens, about one in five smokes worldwide. Adolescents spend a considerable amount of their time in school, and the school environment is therefore important for child health practices and outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact on smoking behavior of the school environment and the personal characteristics of male teenage students attending schools in Pakistan, taking into account the survey sampling structure. Methods: A two-stage cluster sampling with stratification was employed, and we interviewed 772 male secondary school students. We adopted random effect and generalizing estimating equation models. Results: Peer pressure in particular had a strong influence on adolescents smoking;those whose friends smoked were up to 6 times more likely to smoke. Family smoking was also significantly associated with adolescents smoking, but those students whose mother was educated were 50% less likely to smoke. The fitted random effect model indicated that the between school variability was significant (p-value < 0.01), indicating differences in smoking habits between schools. A random coefficient model showed that variability among schools was not significantly different for public and private schools. Conclusion: Public health campaigns for smoking cessation should target not only the individual but also the families of adolescents attending schools.

Education Voucher Scheme in India: Would Lead to School Choice and Universal Education?

To remove obstacles in the path of‘Education for All’,the government of India launched several programs,Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan(SSA)being one of them.Despite several attempts,the government has failed to be successful in providing education to all students and the impact of such schemes has not been very good at the ground level.In India,children are not absent from school owing to a lack of demand;rather,low quality of government education delivery is a major cause for their absence.There is a need to redefine the Indian education system or policy to a new level as government schools are unable to fulfil the growing demand for high-quality education.Direct government funding to children or parents rather than schools can provide parents or children with the ability to select the school of their choice,whether it is a government or private school.This may be accomplished through the education voucher scheme.Governments do not need to spend any additional public funds on vouchers to implement this approach.The education voucher scheme deserves an effort among the several approaches that are being pursued to improve school education.

高职院校基于PPP模式的校企共建项目的合作策略及挑战——以传统文化教学实践基地的建设为例

为落实多元办学,高职院校运用PPP合作模式共建书院式传统文化教学实践基地。通过签订合作协议引入社会资源,设置专项机构进行类产业学院的双重管理,校企合作开发并实施“理论-实践-社团”三进阶、“必修-选修”双结合的美育课程体系,初步形成校企双主体协同育人机制。

民办抑或公办:义务教育阶段教育选择分流的家庭特征及成因

在义务教育就近入学政策下,农村家庭出现了明显的教育选择分流现象,一部分农村家庭放弃免费公办学校,选择需要收费的民办学校。目前,义务教育阶段选择民办学校的家庭可总结为四种类型,呈现多样化和大众化特点;选择民办学校的家庭受到家庭、教师、学校和政策四种因素的共同影响。民办学校的存在为家庭提供了更多的教育选择机会,对促进我国教育公平的实现具有积极影响。

民办职校校园文化构建的校长理念与实践路径——以G校为例

为完善与提升民办职校校园文化建设,通过实地考察一所民办职校校园文化重塑过程,采用民族志、访谈等研究方法,提出民办职校校园文化建设应重视校长领导作用,促进校企文化融合,形成师生共同愿景,并推动职普教育融合发展。

校外培训机构的法律地位及其规范意义

基于民办教育立法的沿革,校外培训机构被定位为《民办教育促进法》中的民办学校。然而,作为校外教育的一种,校外培训在国民教育体系中是对学校教育的补充,其目的是促进人的个性化发展。将校外培训机构定位为民办学校,因未能观照校外培训的特殊性而消解了其补充作用。校外培训机构不同于民办学校。在此基础上,校外培训机构的法律地位既包括在民事关系中的法人地位,也包括在行政关系中的法律地位。关于前者,不能简单地认为,校外培训机构是公司法人;关于后者,校外培训机构应被定位为《教育法》中的其他教育机构。校外培训机构的其他教育机构身份是教育立法对其予以特别规范的正当性基础。以上法律地位的明确,其规范意义主要有两点:一是应将校外培训机构从《民办教育促进法》的调整范围中剥离出来,由其他立法特别规范之。其他立法在理论上可以是校外教育立法或者社会教育立法,但于我国而言,终身教育立法是更为现实的选择。二是其他立法对校外培训机构的规范应不同于对商事主体、民办学校的规范,前者所受之规范强度应介于后二者所受规范强度之间。至于具体规范强度的选择,则取决于校外培训教育公益性之确保与补充作用之最大限度发挥。

校企合作模式下民办高校应用型人才培养长效机制研究

应用型人才是一国生产力和社会可持续发展的主要力量,承载着兴国安邦的重要使命,应重视其培养的长效机制。民办高校及校企合作就是应用型人才培养的一种有效方式。阻碍校企合作联合培养人才的瓶颈是什么?如何构建校企合作培养应用型人才的长效机制?该文发现,应从政府、民办高校、企业和学生四主体出发,持续完善四者的耦合机制、提升四者的协同力。

Women on Boards of Directors

This research aims to measure the current gender representation in membership of boards of directors,and to study the factors affecting the presence of women on boards.The results of the study will support the decision makers and policy makers at all levels by providing knowledge that contributes to bridging the current gap in participation of women boards.The methodology used in this research is the descriptive analytical approach,which relies on quantitative methods in the process of collecting and analyzing data.This study represents the boards of directors in the three sectors(public,private,and non-profit)in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,The study sample contained 350 targets,where a random sample of 150 people in the public sector,100 people in the private sector,and 100 people in the non-profit sector were selected.The research result found that the majority of the responses believe that the lack of experience and training,and social factors,are the most impact areas of explaining the reasons for the existence of a gap in women’s membership in boards of directors in the three sectors.And the most important reasons for the existence of a gender gap in board membership are:there is no statutory minimum percentage for women’s representation on boards of directors,and scarcity of female competencies in general,and the lack of women occupying leadership positions.

论元代家庭诗学教育

家庭诗学教育往往基于儿童在诗歌方面的特殊资质,面对早慧与成长、举业和学诗之间的选择,元代家长亦有谨慎考量。“文采传家”“诗学传家”几乎是元代文化家族的基本内质,并衍化为一种浓郁的社会文化氛围。在以“家”为原点的诗学教育场域中,家塾是重要的场所。元代家塾诗学教育受时代环境影响颇多,也是由“家”向社会层面过渡的重要节点。经由对诗人家庭学诗经历的考察,可窥探诗人诗学观念形成之原委及古典诗学的传承机制,同时,也可为当代儿童的传统文化教育提供些许启示。

基金会大学:国有民办型独立学院转设发展新模式

推进独立学院转设是国家规范民办高等教育、加强高校分类管理工作的重要举措,目前仍有102所国有民办型独立学院没有完成转设,占到未转设独立学院总量的2/3,严重影响整体转设进程。基金会具有举办民办高校的法人资格,其独特的筹款模式和运行机制能够有效拓宽办学资金来源、提高大学治理水平,有助于国有民办型独立学院完成转设,实现转设后的可持续发展。虽然基金会举办大学在国外已有百年历史,但在我国仍属于模式创新,国有民办型独立学院依托政府设立的基金会转设为民办高校还需要教育部等国家部委和省级政府协同完善具体政策,正确处理地方政府、基金会和转设学校之间关系,探索建立政府指导、社会支持、学校自主、师生认同、各方参与的多元治理模式。

营利性民办学校享受税收优惠的体系化进路

营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇的廓清不仅关乎差异化财税扶持政策的落实,还攸关民办学校分类管理的实效。然而,充满歧义的民办教育立法、杂乱无章的税法以及它们在分类优惠上的理念分歧使得营利性民办学校的税收优惠待遇处于悬而未决的状态。衡诸受教育权保障关联性、税种属性以及教育公共服务供需状况等因素对营利性民办学校享受税收优惠待遇的影响,营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇的边界有望廓清。为此,须秉持法际整合的立场,在综合权衡教育公益性与资本逐利性的关系以及融贯税法与教育法的价值理念的基础上,从增强民办教育立法税收优惠条款的指向性、完善税法中涉及学校的优惠条款表达以及部门联合出台营利性民办学校专项税收优惠政策等不同层面破解营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇难题。

传统家训中的师道观探析

传统家训作为中华民族特有的一种文化资源和教育资源,蕴含丰富的师道观,包括得师之重、择师之要和待师之道。首先,得师之重,可以从主客观两个方面分析古人重视塾师的原因;其次,择师之要,要求塾师在师德方面品德高尚,在师才方面学识渊博,在师术方面教学有方;最后,待师之道,包括精神上的尊师重教和物质上的待遇优厚。挖掘传统优秀家训中蕴含的师道观,对新时代我国师德的建设、为师者使命意识的激活以及和谐家师关系的构建具有重要的借鉴启示作用。

高质量建设民办高校马克思主义学院的思考

近年来,民办高校马克思主义学院建设进步明显,马克思主义学院建设标准基本落实,思政课教学效果明显提升,师资队伍建设力度加大,教学创新有所突破。但还存在一些问题,主要是马克思主义学院建设标准的落实不均衡,导致学院发展失衡、师资薄弱、科研落后、投入不足。高质量建设民办高校马克思主义学院,要抓住完善办学机制、加强师资队伍建设和加大经费投入三个关键。民办高校马克思主义学院自身也要激发发展动力,增强发展信心,在学科建设、教学创新上下功夫。