Using a convective scale WRF-GSI system and a reflectivity observation operator based on the double-moment microphysics(Thompson)scheme,simulated radar reflectivity data are produced and then directly assimilated with E...Using a convective scale WRF-GSI system and a reflectivity observation operator based on the double-moment microphysics(Thompson)scheme,simulated radar reflectivity data are produced and then directly assimilated with EnKF through Observing System Simulation Experi-ments(OSSEs)for the case of typhoon In-Fa(2021).We examined the ability of the EnKF to simultaneously estimate state variables and conducted sensitivity tests to evaluate the impact of updating different state variables.The results show that updating a full set of analysis variables can help obtain highly precise initialfields in the model and improve typhoon forecast skills.Excluding the horizontal wind update will affect the adjustment of the temperaturefield and the sea level pressurefield during the cyclic assimilation process.Updating the variables directly related to the reflectivity operator alone could adjust hydrometers well,but the positive impact arising from the assimilation quickly vanishes during the forecast.In addition,this study also includes a quantitative RMSE analysis for each variable during the assimilation cycle and compares the effect of each schemes on different variables.展开更多
Street culture is an object of sociological studies,from the perspective of community research,sociological theories help to solve such problems as construction of new community and inheritance of community cultures.O...Street culture is an object of sociological studies,from the perspective of community research,sociological theories help to solve such problems as construction of new community and inheritance of community cultures.Old streets and lanes in Zhengzhou City have been given with profound place name culture through the long history of development.Understanding and application of place name culture from the perspective of collective memory and cultural symbol is of great value to urban development and protection of intangible cultural heritage.展开更多
基金the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader (21XD1404500)the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1506404)the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC3080500).
文摘Using a convective scale WRF-GSI system and a reflectivity observation operator based on the double-moment microphysics(Thompson)scheme,simulated radar reflectivity data are produced and then directly assimilated with EnKF through Observing System Simulation Experi-ments(OSSEs)for the case of typhoon In-Fa(2021).We examined the ability of the EnKF to simultaneously estimate state variables and conducted sensitivity tests to evaluate the impact of updating different state variables.The results show that updating a full set of analysis variables can help obtain highly precise initialfields in the model and improve typhoon forecast skills.Excluding the horizontal wind update will affect the adjustment of the temperaturefield and the sea level pressurefield during the cyclic assimilation process.Updating the variables directly related to the reflectivity operator alone could adjust hydrometers well,but the positive impact arising from the assimilation quickly vanishes during the forecast.In addition,this study also includes a quantitative RMSE analysis for each variable during the assimilation cycle and compares the effect of each schemes on different variables.
文摘Street culture is an object of sociological studies,from the perspective of community research,sociological theories help to solve such problems as construction of new community and inheritance of community cultures.Old streets and lanes in Zhengzhou City have been given with profound place name culture through the long history of development.Understanding and application of place name culture from the perspective of collective memory and cultural symbol is of great value to urban development and protection of intangible cultural heritage.
