Oscillatory Dynamics of a Spherical Solid in a Liquid in an Axisymmetric Variable Cross Section Channel

The dynamics of a solid spherical body in an oscillating liquid flow in a vertical axisymmetric channel of variable cross section is experimentally studied.It is shown that the oscillating liquid leads to the generation of intense averaged flows in each of the channel segments.The intensity and direction of these flows depend on the dimensionless oscillating frequency.In the region of studied frequencies,the dynamics of the considered body is examined when the primary vortices emerging in the flow occupy the whole region in each segment.For a fixed frequency,an increase in the oscillation amplitude leads to a phase-inclusion holding effect,i.e.,the body occupies a quasi-stationary position in one of the cells of the vertical channel,while oscillating around its average position.It is also shown that the oscillating motion of a liquid column generates an averaged force acting on the body,the magnitude of which depends on the properties of the body and its position in the channel.The quasi-stationary position is determined by the relative density and size of the body,as well as the dimensionless frequency.The behavior of the body as a function of the amplitude and frequency of fluid oscillation and relative size is discussed in detail.Such findings may be used in the future to control the position of a phase inclusion and/or to strengthen mass transfer effects in a channel of variable cross section by means of fluid oscillations.

Theory of Flexural Shear, Bending and Torsion for a Thin-Walled Beam of Open Section

Aspects of the general Vlasov theory are examined separately as applied to a thin-walled channel section cantilever beam under free-end end loading. In particular, the flexural bending and shear that arise under transverse shear and axial torsional loading are each considered theoretically. These analyses involve the location of the shear centre at which transverse shear forces when applied do not produce torsion. This centre, when taken to be coincident with the centre of twist implies an equivalent reciprocal behaviour. That is, an axial torsion applied concentric with the shear centre will twist but not bend the beam. The respective bending and shear stress conversions are derived for each action applied to three aluminium alloy extruded channel sections mounted as cantilevers with a horizontal principal axis of symmetry. Bending and shear are considered more generally for other thin-walled sections when the transverse loading axes at the shear centre are not parallel to the section = s centroidal axes of principal second moments of area. The fixing at one end of the cantilever modifies the St Venant free angular twist and the free warping displacement. It is shown from the Wagner-Kappus torsion theory how the end constrained warping generates an axial stress distribution that varies with the length and across the cross-section for an axial torsion applied to the shear centre. It should be mentioned here for wider applications and validation of the Vlasov theory that attendant papers are to consider in detail bending and torsional loadings applied to other axes through each of the centroid and the web centre. Therein, both bending and twisting arise from transverse shear and axial torsion applied to each position being displaced from the shear centre. Here, the influence of the axis position upon the net axial and shear stress distributions is to be established. That is, the net axial stress from axial torsional loading is identified with the sum of axial stress due to bending and axial stress arising from constrained warping displacements at the fixing. The net shear stress distribution overlays the distributions from axial torsion and that from flexural shear under transverse loading. Both arise when transverse forces are displaced from the shear centre.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ROLL FORMING FORCHANNEL SECTION WITH OUTER EDGE

The finite strip method in structural analysis has been extended, and elastic-plastic large deformation spline finite strip method based on the Updated-Lagrange method (U. L. method) was established to simulate roll forming process of channel section with outer edge. The deformation characteristics of strip was analyzed, and the three-dimensional displacement field, strain field and stress field of deformed strip were got. The calculation example proves that the peak transverse pressing membrane strain is on the corner part of the deformed strip, and the peak longitudinal stretching strain is on the outer edge part of the deformed strip in front of rolls. In addition, the transverse deformation of the deformed strip is principal, and the longitudinal deformation is small.

Non-Symmetry of China’s and US Monetary Policy Spillovers:Theoretical Modelling and Empirical Analysis

This study develops a structural vector autoregression(SVAR)framework to empirically examine the reciprocal transmission channels of monetary policies between China and the United States.The primary objective is to discern potential disparities in the spillover effects of monetary policies and ascertain any contrasting mechanisms underlying these effects across the two countries.Based on our research,it appears that there exists a certain level of non-symmetry in the spillover effects of monetary policy between the two countries.Moreover,this paper provides adequate analysis of disparities in the trade framework,capital control,and financial market operations of both countries in constructing a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium(DSGE)model that incorporates financial frictions for the examination of the theoretical rationale.The empirical findings indicate that China’s monetary policy creates a spillover effect primarily through trade.In China,following an increase in its interest rates,the domestic economic activity will experience a contraction,leading to a decline in both investment and output.Consequently,this will result in a decrease in China’s imports of investment goods from the United States,impacting the output of the US economy.In contrast,the US monetary policy exerts a spillover effect primarily through finance.An increase in interest rates by the United States is associated with a notable outflow of capital from China.This leads to a rise in the financing costs for Chinese firms,consequently diminishing their overall net worth.In light of the financial accelerator effect,corporate external financing risk premium will continue to increase,exacerbating the downward trajectory of China’s output.

U型渠道移动式流线型量水槽扩散段水力特性及结构优化方法

移动式量水槽较固定式具有不易淤积、可移动多处重复使用等优点,流线型外形的量水槽水力性能好,量水槽的扩散段对水力性能影响大,然而当前还缺乏扩散段的设计原理与方法方面的研究。为了研究量水槽结构型式对水力特性的影响,为流线型量水槽结构设计提供理论指导,该研究建立D40U型渠道模拟模型,其后用FLOW-3D对35、45和55 L/s流量下的半椭圆+半椭圆、半椭圆+抛物线、半椭圆+圆弧、半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形量水槽进行模拟,结合原型试验验证数值模拟效果,探讨扩散段设计原则与方法。最后基于isight平台对水力性能较好的半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形量水槽进行结构优化。结果表明,45 L/s流量下不同进水口距离下水深数值模拟与试验值相对误差为0.1%~1.3%,上游、喉口和下游断面流速相对误差分别为0.19%~6.63%、0.06%~6.15%和0.02%~6.22%,模拟结果精度高。5种量水槽上游佛汝德数均小于0.5,最大壅水高度为5.71 cm,均满足测流精度和渠道安全要求。其中,半椭圆+Myring曲线量水槽水头损失和壅水高度最低,半椭圆+半椭圆量水槽临界淹没度最高,佛汝德数最小。量水槽扩散段设计原则为:在略微减少临界淹没度的条件下,扩散段前半段设计为曲率较大的曲线,以降低上游壅水高度;后半段设计为曲率相反且曲率较小的曲线,以改善过流流态,平顺水流,降低水头损失。优化后的半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形前半段曲率增大,后半段曲率减小,壅水高度和佛汝德数均有所降低,水头损失分别降低5.5%和6.3%,优化后曲线线型满足扩散段设计原则。研究可为流线型量水槽结构设计与优化提供理论指导。

3003Al-H14薄壁微小通道扁管波形冲压成形尺寸对截面变形的作用规律

薄壁微小通道波形扁管是建设新能源汽车锂电池组恒温系统的绝佳材料,成形尺寸是影响其冲压成形截面变形的关键因素。建立了实验验证的3003Al-H14微小通道薄壁扁管的波形冲压-回弹有限元模型。基于所建模型,研究了截面高度、管坯壁厚、内外面相对弯曲半径缩放系数等成形尺寸,对截面变形率和平均截面变形率的作用规律。研究发现:①横截面上边缘孔的截面变形率通常较大,其余孔的截面变形率相对较小且大小一致;纵截面上孔的截面变形率呈现波峰波谷高、中间段低的分布特点。②扁管的截面变形率随着截面高度增大而增大,当截面高度超过4 mm时,扁管内的筋显著弯折,横截面塌陷严重。③扁管的平均截面变形率随着壁厚增大呈指数函数下降;当壁厚等于0.1 mm时,所有截面都畸变严重,而当壁厚超过0.3 mm时,最大截面畸变率下降至24.71%。④内外面相对弯曲半径的缩放系数越大,则内外面的实际弯曲程度越小,平均截面变形率也越小。研究成果对薄壁微小通道波形扁管的精确成形具有科学意义和工程价值。

持续冲刷期内黄河下游河床演变特点分析

基于2006年10月至2018年11月黄河下游12个典型断面观测数据,通过分析断面主槽平滩形态特征参数变化率及深泓线和主槽中心线的摆动强度,探讨了持续冲刷期内下游河床的调整变化过程及特点。结果表明:黄河下游断面形态调整表现出既有横向展宽又有冲深下切或淤高态势;河床平面摆动促进了断面主槽形态调整,河相系数变化率与深泓线和主槽中心线摆动强度均成正相关关系;来水来沙条件是主槽形态改变的主要驱动力,且可引起局部河段深泓线摆动强度增大。通过调整小浪底水库的运行模式及布设控导工程可进一步塑造并维持稳定的黄河下游中水河槽。

多断面多通道互联电网广域失步解列控制系统设计及实施

总结分析了多断面多通道区域互联电网失步振荡时可能存在的多断面失步存在选择性、同一断面不同通道失步不同时以及同一断面上部分通道失步特性不明显等特性,针对现有就地失步解列方案不适应上述特性的问题,采用基于就地装置动作允许命令,利用远方通信构建的广域失步解列系统方法,根据考虑解决现有就地失步解列方案问题、与现有就地失步解列功能的配合、系统防误设计以及异常情况下控制策略处理逻辑等主要设计原则,设计并实施了南方电网广域失步解列控制系统。RTDS仿真试验结果表明,该系统能够正确响应,有选择、快速、可靠地采取既定措施同时解列相关断面,有效解决现有就地失步解列方案的局限性,满足实际系统运行需要。

急弯河段新建船闸上游引航道通航条件研究

在急弯河段已建枢纽上新建船闸工程,船闸布置受限因素众多,通航条件复杂。为分析船闸引航道通航水流条件,建立袁河石洲枢纽1:80正态物理模型,开展急弯河段船闸上游引航道通航水流条件试验,对比隔流堤不同长度口门区的流速分布,同时结合自航船模试验分析船闸口门区通航条件。结果表明,延长隔流堤对减小口门区横向流速峰值、改善流态作用明显;隔流堤延长250 m时,石洲船闸上游引航道最高通航流量可达到规范要求的20 a一遇洪水。

基于万吨级船舶阻力变化的大型人工水道断面尺度研究

针对国内现行规范在可通行3000 t级以上船舶的大型人工水道断面尺度设计方面的规定不足,从限制性航道航速经济性角度出发,定义大型人工水道的经济航速断面,基于数学模型研究满足万吨级船舶(总长130 m×型宽22 m×设计吃水5.5 m)通航要求的经济航速断面尺度推荐参数区间。具体包括:基于完全非线性Boussinesq方程的开源程序包FUNWAVE-TVD建立了限制性航道中船行波传播变形及阻力变化数学模型,模拟研究了不同边坡比、航道底宽条件下船舶阻力变化规律,重点分析了航道底宽、边坡比对航行阻力的影响。研究结果表明:在大型人工水道设计时,对于梯形断面,经济航速断面设计时,坡比采用1:3较优,水深8 m时底宽取90 m,断面系数为7.54较优;水深9 m时,底宽取70 m,断面系数为7.21较优。

爆炸冲击波在变截面通道中传播规律数值研究

为研究在变截面通道内爆炸冲击波的传播规律,利用LS-DYNA软件对变截面通道内部TNT爆炸进行数值模拟,在LS-DYNA中分析了不同截面变化中冲击波传播云图以及不同测点处超压时程曲线,研究了截面大小变化率和截面长度变化率对爆炸冲击波在变截面通道内传播的影响。结果表明:截面由小变大时,随着截面面积增大,消波率先迅速减小后略微增大再减小,整体上截面面积越大,消波效果越好;截面由大变小时,爆炸冲击波在刚进入截面缩小段,一部分直接以平面波的形式进入缩小段,一部分与截面变化处壁面发生碰撞反射,反射使得该部分爆炸冲击波超压变大并向反方向传播,当小截面缩小至原来一半时,出口处测得爆炸冲击波相当于原来2倍药量在直通道中爆炸的冲击波;同时得到了冲击波超压峰值在不同工况下沿变截面直通道内传播的拟合方程,可为研究新型消波系统提供理论依据。

溃坝洪水演进一维水动力模型

中国是受洪水灾害影响最严重的国家之一。洪水数值模型可准确地反映洪水的演进与致灾过程。本研究针对天然河道洪水过程存在的尺度大、水流流态复杂、河道断面形式多变以及计算建模困难等问题,提出一套基于Godunov格式的有限体积法离散圣维南方程组的一维水动力模型,并采用求解复杂断面水力要素之间关系的方法,提高了一维水动力模型求解的精度与效率,精确地反映了复杂断面河道的水流运动特性。将模型模拟得到的数值解与算例中的解析解或实测数据进行对比,结果表明:(1)构建的一维水动力模型模拟结果与理想算例解析解及实验实测数据吻合程度均较高,所有算例的E NS均大于0.5,说明模型具有良好的稳定性和适应性;(2)将模型应用至金沙江白格堰塞湖溃坝洪水算例中,模拟得到的流量峰值及整体洪水过程均与实测过程吻合较好,在叶巴滩和苏洼龙两个测点处E NS分别为0.633和0.812,证明了模型在实际应用中的适用性与可靠性。结果表明,开发的一维水动力模型对溃坝洪水等水流流态复杂、突发性强的洪水过程具有良好的模拟效果。本研究可为河道及溃坝洪水风险的初步、快速评估等工作提供有效的模拟支撑。

Elastic scattering and total reaction cross sections of^(6)Li examined via a microscopic continuum discretized coupled-channels model

We present a systematic study of 6Li elastic scattering and total reaction cross sections at incident energies around the Coulomb barrier within the continuum discretized coupled-channels(CDCC)framework,where 6Li is treated in anα+d two-body model.Collisions with 27Al,64Zn,138Ba,and 208Pa are analyzed.The microscopic optical potentials(MOP)based on Skyrme nucleon-nucleon interaction forαand d are adopted in CDCC calculations and satisfactory agreement with the experimental data is obtained without any adjustment on MOPs.For comparison,αand d global phenomenological optical potentials(GOP)are also used in CDCC analysis and a reduction of no less than 50%on the surface imaginary part of deuteron GOP is required for describing the data.In all cases,the 6Li breakup effect is significant and provides repulsive correction to the folding model potential.The reduction on the surface imaginary part of GOP of deuteron reveals a strong suppression of the reaction probability of deuteron as a component of 6Li when compared with that of a free deuteron.Further investigation is performed by considering the d breakup process equivalently within the dynamic polarization potential approach,and the results show that d behaves in a manner similar to a tightly bound nucleus in 6Li induced reactions.

分散梯级船闸输水时的作用水头和中间渠道断面形式对通航水流条件的影响

针对分散梯级船闸中间渠道的通航水流条件问题,研究了中间渠道断面形式对其影响。提出了矩形断面与梯形断面中间渠道的作用水头计算公式。采用数学数值模拟的方法研究两种断面形状对船闸通航水流条件的影响。结果表明:1)中间渠道充泄水的船闸作用水头一致,其水位呈现周期性的变化。2)改变中间渠道的断面形式对船闸输水时的流量变化趋势与输水时间影响较小。3)相较于矩形断面,梯形断面的中间渠道可以有效地减小上游船闸泄水过程中的水位变幅、振荡波波高、最大水面坡降和最大纵向流速。研究为分散梯级船闸中间渠道的设计提供了理论支持。

冷弯薄壁型钢纯弯构件截面分类

为研究冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢纯弯构件截面分类,基于试验数据验证后的有限元模型,对不同板件宽厚比下冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢纯弯构件进行了大量的参数分析。结果表明:抗弯承载力随翼缘与腹板宽厚比的减小而增大。在考虑翼缘与腹板相关作用的前提下,基于截面承载力得出板件截面宽厚比限值,提出了冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢纯弯构件截面分类方法。

低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露对健康成年股四头肌收缩力及形态的影响

背景:目前已有关于低频脉冲磁场对骨骼肌结构形态影响研究发现了骨骼肌质量变化,但对接受慢性暴露后的形态变化未见相关研究。目的:观察低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露对腿部股四头肌最大自主收缩力与形态指标的影响,为使用该技术作为肌肉功能改善策略提供组织形态变化的参考依据。方法:招募普通健康受试者70名,随机分为接受磁场刺激的试验组与进行假治疗的对照组,每组35名,试验时长共计4周,试验组受试者每隔48 h进行1次15 min的低频脉冲磁刺激干预,对照组进行假治疗,干预间隔与时长与试验组一致,干预4周后观察不同组别受试者股四头肌最大自主收缩力值变化,利用B型超声影像作为评估手段,观察肌肉厚度、肌肉横截面积及羽状角指标的变化。结果与结论:①经过4周的低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露,68名受试者完成试验,试验组受试者股四头肌最大自主收缩力测试值显著增长(P=0.000),提升幅度显著高于对照组(P=0.008);②试验组受试者的肌肉形态3项指标均显著高于试验前测(P=0.000),而对照组肌肉厚度指标呈显著性下降(P=0.020),羽状角无显著性变化,横截面积显著性提升(P=0.000);③组间对比发现,试验组关于肌肉形态的肌肉厚度(P=0.012)、羽状角(P=0.003)及横截面积(P=0.049)3项指标均显著高于对照组;④上述数据证实,健康成年受试者经过4周的低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露,股四头肌的最大自主收缩力显著提升,同时观察到试验组的肌肉厚度、横截面积及羽状角3项肌肉形态指标的显著增长,对使用该技术作为肌肉改善的运动替代与医疗策略提供了肌组织形态改善的支持依据。

船闸口门区布置及其通航安全判别标准

针对应用《船闸总体设计规范》进行船闸引航道口门区及制动段布置时遇到的问题,从船舶通航安全角度阐述了船闸引航道制动段、口门、口门区和连接段的内涵。介绍了国内外现有船闸口门区通航安全判别标准并指出其存在的问题,分析引航道口门区的水流特性及船舶舵效原理,提出一种切实可行的船闸通航安全制动段水流条件判别方法,对船闸整体模型试验及船闸总体布置具有一定借鉴意义。

柯街河道断面水位流量关系单值化工程措施研究

为掌握柯街河道断面工程措施后断面冲淤变化、水文要素测验条件和水位流量关系变化等水文特征规律,推进水文数据采集自动化,数据管理信息化、数字化、智慧化建设,开展柯街河道断面水位流量关系单值化工程措施研究。依据工程措施前后实测水文资料,采用对比分析法和误差分析法,对工程措施实施效果进行统计分析。结果表明:工程措施实施后河道断面冲淤变化明显减小,水位及流量监测条件得到改善,水位流量关系变化趋于稳定,河道断面河段高洪水位至保证水位行洪能力降低6.4%~14.9%。柯街河道断面单值化工程措施效果明显,可为下一步工作的推进及河道断面单值化工程措施的应用推广和研究提供参考借鉴。

正交转换通道暗挖隧道群快速施工技术研究

地铁区间共建段道岔区正交转换通道隧道群正交隧道断面多、断面大、隧道之间小净距岩柱薄,地铁隧道埋深一般较浅,地表建筑密集,合理的施工工法能提高施工效率确保施工安全。依托重庆轨道交通10号线兰南区间大里程区间共建段道岔区正交转换通道隧道群施工,进行了隧道群施工工法的优化研究。工程实践表明:隧道群施工需提前做好各作业面施工顺序及施工方法研究,科学合理的施工顺序及施工方法能在确保施工安全的前提下提高施工效率;大断面双侧壁导坑核心土不同拆除工法对施工安全及施工效率影响较大;隧道群小净距采用合理的开挖顺序及开挖方式、优化支护措施能保证施工安全。

苏里格气田X井区山1段沉积微相及砂体分布特征

基于岩心、测井、录井等资料,进一步研究苏里格气田X井区山1段的沉积微相及砂体分布特征。结果表明:山1段在三角洲平原亚相背景上发育河道间、河道充填、边滩、堤岸等微相,其中河道充填和边滩为主要控砂微相类型;山1段各小层砂体顺物源方向逐渐变厚,其中山1^(1)小层砂体发育最为充分,山1^(2)、山1^(3)小层砂体发育程度相当;有效砂体以垂向叠加型和横向接触型为主,其中山11小层的有效砂体发育最为充分。