Adaptive Nonlinear PID Control and Rule-Based Compensation for Systems with Backlash

The control of dynamic nonlinear systems with unknown backlash was considered. By using an efficient approach to estimate the unknown backlash parameters, a rule? based backlash compensator was presented for canceling the effect of backlash. Adaptive nonlinear PID controller together with rule? based backlash compensator was developed and a satisfactory tracking performance was achieved. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.

基于改进鲸鱼算法优化PID的转速控制

当汽轮机转速发生偏差时,需要操作员手动整定PID参数使转速达到稳定,但控制效果不佳且调节时间长,针对这一问题提出了一种改进的鲸鱼优化算法优化PID参数控制转速,通过引入反向学习策略和非线性收敛因子,在一台3MW的汽轮机的组态仿真中进行实验对比。结果表明:与鲸鱼算法、粒子群算法相比,改进鲸鱼算法寻优效果更好,进而有效地达到对汽轮机转速的控制。

平面并联机器人离线PID控制优化研究

为了使平面并联机器人在闭环控制系统中具有更稳定的控制性能。对此,这里构建了平面五杆并联机器人动力学模型及其控制系统模型,给出了控制系统的增益矢量p。对机器人系统模型进行离线PID控制优化,通过控制增益来设计控制系统中的增益矢量p,从而实现非线性单目标动态优化(NLMODOP)。在NLMODOP中加入动态约束,采用带约束处理机制的差分进化(DE)算法求解平面并联机器人的非线性规划问题,进而处理不稳定的动态优化。对机器人模型中的五个连杆进行仿真实验,并对有无DE算法控制的仿真结果进行了比较。结果表明:相比于无DE算法,采用DE算法下的机器人系统模型的连杆跟踪位移基本无跟踪误差。说明基于差分进化算法的平面并联机器人离线PID控制优化具有较好的控制精度和跟踪性能。

基于FA-PID算法的电动舵机多非线性系统研究

针对制导炮弹电动舵机常规建模时常将各部分视为线性环节,且采用传统三闭环PID算法无法解决复杂非线性系统的高频响、低超调等问题。本研究充分考虑了舵机系统内部的电机、死区齿隙与LuGre摩擦等非线性环节,搭建了电动舵机的多非线性控制系统,根据舵偏角运动方向的非单一性,设计了电机的正反转逻辑换相判别模块,并在电动舵机的位置环中引入了模糊自适应PID(FA-PID)智能算法。结果表明:采用FA-PID算法相比于传统PID控制对小角度位置响应的延迟时间下降了约0.49%,上升时间下降了约6.91%,峰值时间下降了约39.94%,稳态误差下降了约94.44%,且进一步通过小角度方波/正弦位置跟踪研究同样可以得出该算法的快速性与鲁棒性。

Novel Approach to Nonlinear PID Parameter Optimization Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

This paper presents an application of an Ant Colony Optimization （ACO） algorithm to optimize the parameters in the design of a type of nonlinear PID controller. The ACO algorithm is a novel heuristic bionic algorithm, which is based on the behaviour of real ants in nature searching for food. In order to optimize the parameters of the nonlinear PID controller using ACO algorithm, an objective function based on position tracing error was constructed, and elitist strategy was adopted in the improved ACO algorithm. Detailed simulation steps are presented. This nonlinear PID controller using the ACO algorithm has high precision of control and quick response.

输入受限的二阶非仿射非线性不确定系统串级自耦PID控制

针对一类输入受限的二阶非仿射非线性不确定系统的控制问题,提出了一种串级自耦PID控制方法。在考虑了系统输入饱和受限的前提下,将二阶系统分为外环广义位移环和内环广义速度环,分别采用自耦PD和自耦PI算法实现串级控制策略。解决了自耦PID控制面对输入信号为阶跃信号时需要设计过渡过程的短板;设计了串级耦合速度因子,并将内外环的可调参数进行了数据拟合,进一步降低了控制器的调参难度,分析并证明了串级自耦PID控制的合理性和稳定性。仿真结果表明,所提控制方法较自耦PID控制不仅响应速度快、鲁棒性更好,而且具有极强的抗干扰能力,在一类二阶非仿射非线性不确定系统的控制领域具有广泛的应用前景。

Nonlinear Decoupling PID Control Using Neural Networks and Multiple Models

For a class of complex industrial processes with strong nonlinearity, serious coupling and uncertainty, a nonlinear decoupling proportional-integral-differential （PID） controller is proposed, which consists of a traditional PID controller, a decoupling compensator and a feedforward compensator for the unmodeled dynamics. The parameters of such controller is selected based on the generalized minimum variance control law. The unmodeled dynamics is estimated and compensated by neural networks, a switching mechanism is introduced to improve tracking performance, then a nonlinear decoupling PID control algorithm is proposed. All signals in such switching system are globally bounded and the tracking error is convergent. Simulations show effectiveness of the algorithm.

Nonlinear system PID-type multi-step predictive control

A compound neural network was constructed during the process of identification and multi-step prediction. Under the PID-type long-range predictive cost function, the control signal was calculated based on gradient algorithm. The nonlinear controller’s structure was similar to the conventional PID controller. The parameters of this controller were tuned by using a local recurrent neural network on-line. The controller has a better effect than the conventional PID controller. Simulation study shows the effectiveness and good performance.

Realization of nonlinear PID with feed-forward controller for 3-DOF flight simulator and hardware-in-the-loop simulation

As friction, intrinsic steady-state nonlinearity poses a challenging dilemma to the control system of 3-DOF （three degree of freedom） flight simulator, a novel hybrid control strategy of nonlinear PID （proportionalintegral-derivative） with additional FFC （feed-forward controller） is proposed, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation results are also given. Based on the description of 3-DOF flight simulator, a novel nonlinear PID theory is well introduced. Then a nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC is designed. Subsequently, the loop structure of 3-DOF flight simulator is also designed. Finally, a series of hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments are undertaken to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear PID controller with additional FFC for 3-DOF flight simulator.

基于改进WOA参数优化的反应釜PID控制器

为了解决工业中传统PID控制算法对于大时滞、非线性系统较难取得良好的控制效果的问题,提出一种基于改进鲸鱼优化算法(IWOA)的PID控制器整定算法。该算法考虑均衡算法的探查以及开发能力,引入非线性收敛因子;为了提高算法的勘察能力,避免陷入局部最优的情况,引入正余弦扰动因子改进位置更新策略;最后以化工反应中反应釜温度为被控对象,对其PID控制器进行参数自整定实验,并将结果与WOA算法、Z-N整定算法、PSO算法进行对比,验证了IWOA算法在优化PID控制器工程上的优越性。

Globally robust nonlinear PID controllers for robot manipulators with an uncertain Jacobian matrix

Based on a continuous piecewise-differentiable increasing functions vector, a class of robust nonlinear PID (RN-PID) controllers is proposed for setpoint control with uncertain Jacobian matrix. Globally asymptotic stability is guaranteed and only position and joint velocity measurements are required. And stability problem arising from integral action and integrator windup, are consequently resolved. Furthermore, RN-PID controllers can be of effective alternative for anti-integrator-wind-up, the control performance would not be very bad in the presence of rough parameter tuning.

PID Control of Planar Nonlinear Uncertain Systems in the Presence of Actuator Saturation

This paper investigates PID control design for a class of planar nonlinear uncertain systems in the presence of actuator saturation.Based on the bounds on the growth rates of the nonlinear uncertain function in the system model,the system is placed in a linear differential inclusion.Each vertex system of the linear differential inclusion is a linear system subject to actuator saturation.By placing the saturated PID control into a convex hull formed by the PID controller and an auxiliary linear feedback law,we establish conditions under which an ellipsoid is contractively invariant and hence is an estimate of the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system.The equilibrium point corresponds to the desired set point for the system output.Thus,the location of the equilibrium point and the size of the domain of attraction determine,respectively,the set point that the output can achieve and the range of initial conditions from which this set point can be reached.Based on these conditions,the feasible set points can be determined and the design of the PID control law that stabilizes the nonlinear uncertain system at a feasible set point with a large domain of attraction can then be formulated and solved as a constrained optimization problem with constraints in the form of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs).Application of the proposed design to a magnetic suspension system illustrates the design process and the performance of the resulting PID control law.

Robust Nonlinear PID Controllers for Anti-windup Design of Robot Manipulators with an Uncertain Jacobian Matrix

至于有不明确的 Jacobian 矩阵的机器人操纵者的笛卡儿的规定，柔韧的非线性的 PID (RN-PID ) 控制器的一个反上发条的计划被建议解决在象 PID 一样控制系统从不可分的行动和综合者终结产生的实际问题。当位置和联合速度大小仅仅被要求时， Asymptotic 稳定性被保证；靠近环的系统也由于对不可分的行动起作用的限制被保证的结果的坚韧性。特别与另外的反上发条的途径相比，建议算法为反上发条的设计更简单、更有效。

Unified Control Theory from PID to ACPID

To address the challenge of achieving unified control across diverse nonlinear systems, a comprehensive control theory spanning from PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) to ACPID (Auto-Coupling PID) has been proposed. The primary concept is to unify all intricate factors, including internal dynamics and external bounded disturbance, into a single total disturbance. This enables the mapping of various nonlinear systems onto a linear disturbance system. Based on the theory of PID control and the characteristic equation of a critically damping system, Zeng’s stabilization rules (ZSR) and an ACPID control force based on a single speed factor have been designed. ACPID control theory is both simple and practical, with significant scientific significance and application value in the field of control engineering.

电液执行器非线性PID控制优化仿真研究

为了提高电液执行器运动轨迹的跟踪精度,提出了一种非线性比例-积分-微分(PID)控制优化方法,通过仿真检验优化后的控制系统输出结果,构建了电液系统数学模型。对传统PID控制参数进行改进,设计了一种非线性PID控制方法。引用粒子群算法并进行改进,利用改进粒子群算法迭代搜索原理对非线性PID控制器参数进行在线调整,最终得到电液执行器最优控制参数值,使电液执行器具有更好的抗负载干扰能力。以电液执行器不同工况为例,利用Matlab软件对电液执行器运动轨迹进行仿真,比较空载和负载条件下输出结果。结果显示:在空载条件下,分别采用PID控制、非线性PID控制和优化非线性PID控制方法,电液执行器运动轨迹输出误差均较小,相差不大。在负载条件下,优化非线性PID控制方法明显优于PID控制和非线性PID控制方法,相比之下使用优化非线性PID控制方法,电液执行器运动轨迹输出误差较小。采用改进粒子群算法优化非线性PID控制方法,使电液执行器能够抑制负载工况的干扰,具有较高的跟踪精度。

一种基于电源周期平均模型的单相PWM逆变器准PID控制器

提出了一种基于电源周期平均模型的单相PWM逆变器准PID控制器,其来源于对三角波比较控制方法的深入分析,从而为常用PI控制器的参数整定提供了比较严谨的理论公式,使参数整定变得快捷。由于准PID控制器自身已具备比较优越的性能,因此可为中低档逆变器直接采用,或用作高精度智能PID控制逆变器的初始状态,以保证系统启动的稳定性和安全性,并且使智能控制算法能更好地发挥其优势。准PID控制器的提出同时也说明了单相PWM逆变器不适宜使用严格的PID控制器的原因。

低通滤波PID水轮机调速系统设计

为了克服传统PID控制器中微分环节调节困难且难以抑制高频测量噪声信号干扰而导致系统稳定性变差的缺陷,在充分阐述高频信号对传统PID控制器影响机理基础上,通过设计串联低通滤波器,降低了高频信号对控制系统影响,提出了一种低通滤波PID控制器设计方法,并把其应用于所建立的弹性水锤效应水轮机调速系统模型。在MATLAB环境下的仿真结果表明,与传统PI、PID控制器相比,低通滤波PID控制器具有更好的时域和频域性能指标,并且对高频测量噪声扰动不敏感,具有良好的鲁棒性能和抗负荷干扰性能,能满足水轮机调速系统性能指标要求。

一种新型非线性PID控制器

将非线性函数与简单的 PID控制器相级联 ,构成一种新型的非线性 PID控制器 ,以提高现有PID控制器的性能。新型 PID控制器的设计过程十分简单 ,只要适当构造非线性函数 ,并与原 PID控制器级联起来便可实现。数值仿真结果表明 ,所提出的 PID控制器比简单的 PID控制器具有更好的动静态性能。

变速恒频风力发电系统风机转速非线性PID控制

针对变速风机非线性强、转动惯量大、转轴机械阻尼随转速变化的特点,提出了变速恒频风力发电系统风机转速非线性PID(nonlinear-PID,NLPID)控制策略,仿真研究表明,非线性PID控制响应快,超调小,受系统参数变化的影响较小,控制精度高,具有一定的适应性和鲁棒性。此外,该文设计了基于模糊规则切换的模糊PID-PID双模变桨距控制器,在此基础上对变速恒频风力发电系统在全风速范围内的运行进行了数字仿真研究。在高于额定风速时,通过变桨距控制器调节桨距角,系统能较好地将功率限制在额定值附近;在低于额定风速时,通过模糊推理,系统能够在免测风速的情况下给出转速参考信号,实现最大风能捕获或恒转速运行。

升压斩波电路PI和PID调节器的优化设计

利用状态空间平均法分析了升压斩波电路 ,并利用小信号状态空间平均模型对升压斩波电路的PI和PID调节器进行了优化设计 。