Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes by promoting lipolysis

Probiotics crosstalk immunity to improve host glycolipid metabolism,which is a new strategy for obesity.This study aimed to explore the functions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56(K56),in regulating the lipid metabolism of adipocytes and its immune regulation mechanisms.We co-cultured RAW264.7 macrophages with K56,and the K56-stimulated RAW264.7-conditioned medium(K56-CM)was collected and treated with 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.The expression of lipid metabolism-related markers of adipocytes,and the content of cytokines in CMs were detected.The results demonstrated that K56-CM promoted the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ),CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα(C/EBPα),and other adipogenesis-related markers,which resulted in the upregulation of lipolysis markers,such as hormone-sensitive lipase(HSL),adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL).The activation of lipolysis enhanced the expression of fatty acidβ-oxidation-related and mitochondrial biogenesis-related markers and reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes.The glycolipid metabolism pattern of K56 may be due to its immunomodulatory characteristics,which stimulated macrophages to secrete fewer TNF-α,thereby promoting the expression of lipolysis-related markers,and TNF-αsynergized with lipase to promote lipolysis.It has not been reported that L.paracasei modulated lipid metabolism via the lipolysis pathway,which suggested that K56 may regulate glycolipid metabolism of the host by maintaining immune homeostasis.

The flavonoid glycoside vaccarin inhibits adipogenesis and stimulates lipolysis via Hedgehog signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Vaccarin,a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Vaccaria segetalis,is non-toxic to 3T3-L1 cells up to concentrations of 200μM.Accordingly,we investigated the effects of this natural product on adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Our results revealed that vaccarin significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by suppressing the adipogenesis-related transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)and the CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinα(C/EBPα).Specifically,lipid accumulation decreased by up to 27.7±2.7%when 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with a 10μM concentration of vaccarin.Mechanistic studies showed that the compound inhibited adipogenesis through activation of the Hedgehog(Hh)signaling pathway and so restoring Smo and Gli1 expression at an early stage of differentiation.In mature 3T3-L1 cells,vaccarin significantly increased the secretion of glycerol into the surrounding medium and thus indicating that it accelerated the degradation of triglycerides.In addition,vaccarin,was shown to enhance lipolysis through stimulation of the transcription levels of lipoprotein lipase,monoglycerides lipase,adipose triacylglyceride lipase,hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose differentiated-related protein.All told,vaccarin suppressed lipid accumulation and enhanced lipolysis during adipocyte differentiation by restoring Hh signaling.As such,it is a phytochemical capable of halting adipocyte hyperplasia and,thereby,ameliorating the effects of obesity.

Apoptosis and Lipolysis of White Adipocytes Induced by Neuropeptide Y- Y5 Receptor Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides

Objective: To investigate the influence of central administration ofneuropeptide Y-Y5 receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on body weight, fat pads of SDrats, and the effects of white adipocytes lipolysis and apoptosis. Methods: Y5 receptor antisense,sense, mismatched ODNs or vehicle was intracerebroventricularly (i. c. v.) injected. Averageadipocyte area was calculated. DNA ladders were measured to evaluate adipocyte apoptosis, and RT-PCRwas used to analyse the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax gene. Results: Central administration of Y5antisense ODNs significantly decreased body weight, and average adipocyte area. DNA fragmentationwas present after electrophoresis at epididymal adipose tissue. The expression of Bcl-2 gene wasdownregulated, while the expression of Bax upregulated. Conclusion: Lipolysis and adipocyteapoptosis may be important mechanisms far 75 antisense therapy.

Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on lipogenesis and lipolysis in black sea bream,Acanthopagrus schlegeli

Hatchery-roared juvenile black sea breams are characterized by a low level of highly unsaturated fatty acids in their bodies, as compared with wild fish. To assess the effect of docosahaxaenoic acid （DHA） on lipegenic and lipelysis enzymes, one-year fish were roared on a casein-based purified diet and a DHA fortified diet （ 1.5% DHA ethyl ester/kg diet） for 60 d, followed with a period of 55 d for starvation. Dietary DHA was effectively incorporated into the fish body. Fortification of DHA depressed activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase as lipogenic enzymes in the hepatopancroas and intraperitoneal fat body. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase as lipolysis enzyme in the hepatopancreas was active in the DHA fortified fish. Starvation after feeding experiment induced increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity in both control and DHA fortified fish and the activity remained higher in the DHA fortified fish, while the monoenes were selectively consumed prior to highly unsaturated fatty acids. These results indicated that dietary DHA depressed lipogenesis and activated lipolysis.

Adipose tissue lipolysis and remodeling during the transition period of dairy cows

Elevated concentrations of plasma fatty acids in transition dairy cows are significantly associated with increased disease susceptibility and poor lactation performance. The main source of plasma fatty acids throughout the transition period is lipolysis from adipose tissue depots. During this time, plasma fatty acids serve as a source of calories mitigating the negative energy balance prompted by copious milk synthesis and limited dry matter intake.Past research has demonstrated that lipolysis in the adipose organ is a complex process that includes not only the activation of lipolytic pathways in response to neural, hormonal, or paracrine stimuli, but also important changes in the structure and cellular distribution of the tissue in a process known as adipose tissue remodeling. This process involves an inflammatory response with immune cell migration, proliferation of the cellular components of the stromal vascular fraction, and changes in the extracellular matrix. This review summarizes current knowledge on lipolysis in dairy cattle, expands on the new field of adipose tissue remodeling, and discusses how these biological processes affect transition cow health and productivity.

Changes of protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis in Chinese dry sausage with different sodium chloride curing salt content

The effect of sodium chloride(NaCl)curing salt content on protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis of Chinese dry sausage was investigated.Two groups Chinese dry sausages with 2%and 4%(m/m)salt content were studied.The degree of protein oxidation increased during the processes in two groups sausages,while the content of phospholipids decreased,neutral lipids and free fatty acids increased.The degree of protein oxidation,lipid oxidation and lipolysis in 4%NaCl content group was higher than those in 2%NaCl content group,while 4%NaCl content group has higher lipase activity.In conclusion,4%NaCl may facilitate the protein oxidation,lipid hydrolysis and oxidation in Chinese dry sausage,and the protein oxidation had strong correlation with lipid oxidation and lipolysis.The results could provide a basis for improving the technology of industrial production.

槲皮素通过上调脂解和脂噬途径改善肝细胞脂质蓄积

目的 明确槲皮素(quercetin, QUE)通过调控脂解及脂噬途径改善肝细胞脂质蓄积的效应及作用机制。方法 利用棕榈酸(palmitic acid, PA)诱导人正常HHL-5肝细胞株(human hepatocyte cell line 5, HHL-5)建立脂肪变性肝细胞模型,使用不同浓度槲皮素(5、10、20和40μmol/L)干预脂肪变性的HHL-5细胞24 h,实验分为(n=3):对照组、PA组、PA+QUE5组、PA+QUE10组、PA+QUE20组、PA+QUE40组。为明确自噬对QUE作用的影响,利用3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-methyladenine, 3-MA)阻断自噬,将HHL-5细胞分为(n=3):对照组、PA组、PA+QUE40组、3-MA组、PA+3-MA组和PA+3-MA+QUE40组。2种不同实验分组均检测细胞内甘油三酯含量、脂滴蓄积情况、脂解和脂噬相关分子表达情况及共定位水平、自噬底物P62的表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,PA组肝细胞的甘油三酯含量和脂质蓄积程度明显升高,脂解相关分子脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶(adipose triglycerides lipase, ATGL)和比较基因识别因子58(comparative gene identification-58,CGI58),以及脂噬相关分子Ras相关蛋白7(Ras-related protein 7, RAB7)和微管相关蛋白1B轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, LC3β)的蛋白表达水平、平均荧光强度及共定位程度均明显降低,而P62表达增强(P<0.05)。与PA组相比,PA+QUE40组的甘油三酯含量和脂质蓄积程度显著降低,脂解和脂噬相关分子的蛋白表达水平、平均荧光强度及共定位程度也明显增加,而P62明显降低(P<0.05)。在脂肪变性肝细胞中加入3-MA抑制自噬后,QUE对脂肪变性肝细胞的脂质蓄积的改善作用以及对脂解和脂噬相关分子的调控作用基本被抵消。结论 槲皮素可促进脂解和脂噬途径相关分子的表达及相互作用,从而减轻脂肪变性HHL-5细胞内的脂质蓄积,但以上作用可被自噬阻断剂3-MA削弱。

β-Lactoglobulin stabilized lipid nanoparticles enhance oral absorption of insulin by slowing down lipolysis

Lipid-based nanocarriers have staged a remarkable comeback in the oral delivery of proteins and peptides, but delivery efficiency is compromised by lipolysis. β-Lactoglobulin(β-lg) stabilized lipid nanoparticles, including nanoemulsions(NE@β-lg) and nanocapsules(NC@β-lg), were developed to enhance the oral absorption of insulin by slowing down lipolysis due to the protection from β-lg. Cremophor EL stabilized nanoemulsions(NE@Cre-EL) were prepared and set as a control. The lipid nanoparticles produced mild and sustained hypoglycemic effects, amounting to oral bioavailability of 3.0% ± 0.3%, 7.0% ± 1.1%, and7.7% ± 0.8% for NE@Cre-EL, NE@β-lg, and NC@β-lg, respectively. Aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)probes enabled the identification of intact nanoparticles, which were used to investigate the in vivo and intracellular fates of the lipid nanoparticles. In vitro digestion/lipolysis and ex vivo imaging confirmed delayed lipolysis from β-lg stabilized lipid nanoparticles. NC@β-lg was more resistant to intestinal lipolysis than NE@β-lg due to the Ca^(2+)-induced crosslinking. Live imaging revealed the transepithelial transport of intact nanoparticles and their accumulation in the liver. Cellular studies confirmed the uptake of intact nanoparticles. Slowing down lipolysis via food proteins represents a good strategy to enhance the oral absorption of lipid nanoparticles and thus co-formulated biomacromolecules.

黄大茶与薏苡仁、茯苓复配调节肠道菌群改善营养性肥胖的作用研究

该研究考察黄大茶、薏苡仁和茯苓复配物对高脂饮食诱导肥胖改善的作用与机制。采用高脂饮食喂养C57/BL 6 N雄性小鼠12周,同时分别用黄大茶复配物(large-leaf yellow tea formula aqueous extracts,LFAE)、薏苡仁+茯苓水提物(Coix lachrymajobi L.combined with Poria cocos Wolf formula aqueous extracts,CPAE)或黄大茶水提物(large-leaf yellow tea aqueous extracts,LAE)干预处理,每周记录小鼠的体重及能量摄入。饮食干预完成后,检测各组小鼠血脂水平变化,HE染色法检测小鼠肝脏及附睾脂肪组织(epididymal adipose tissue,EAT)的形态变化,采用16S rRNA高通量测序分析各组小鼠肠道菌群的多样性与差异性,Western blotting检测EAT中腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)、p-AMPK、甘油三酯脂肪酶(adipose triglyceride lipase,ATGL)、激素敏感性脂肪酶(hormone-sensitive lipase,HSL)和p-HSL蛋白的表达。结果显示,与高脂组相比,CPAE和LAE组小鼠体重降低均不显著,而LFAE组小鼠的体重、TC、LDL-C、AST、ALT水平和脂质沉积显著降低,肠道菌群中厚壁菌门丰度显著降低,拟杆菌门丰度升高,属水平中阿德勒克罗伊茨菌(Adlercreutzia)、异杆菌属(Allobaculum)、经黏液真杆菌属(Blautia)、狄氏副拟杆菌(Parabacteroides)丰度显著提高,p-AMPK、ATGL和p-HSL蛋白表达均显著上调。此外,与LAE组相比,LFAE组小鼠的体重、TG水平和脂质沉积显著降低,厚壁菌门丰度降低,拟杆菌门丰度升高,Adlercreutzia、Allobaculum、Blautia、Parabacteroides丰度显著提高,ATGL和p-HSL蛋白的表达均显著上调。综上所述,黄大茶、薏苡仁和茯苓复配物能够调节小鼠肠道菌群,促进脂肪组织脂解,协同增效改善高脂饮食诱导的肥胖。

重组糖蛋白激素β5/α2调控cAMP/PKA/CREB通路促进3T3-L1细胞脂肪分解的作用及机制研究

目的研究重组糖蛋白激素β5/α2(rCGH)对3T3-L1脂肪细胞脂解的影响,并探究其潜在机制。方法体外培养3T3-L1前脂肪细胞,并诱导分化为成熟脂肪细胞,给予不同浓度rCGH干预24 h。以CCK-8法检测3T3-L1脂肪细胞的细胞活力,酶学方法测定细胞内甘油三酯(TG)及培养上清中甘油的水平,油红O染色观察脂滴变化。Western blot检测各组脂肪细胞中HSL和ATGL脂解蛋白的表达水平。不同浓度rCGH加或不加PKA抑制剂H89对已分化成熟的3T3-L1脂肪细胞进行联合干预实验,将培养细胞分为对照组、H89预处理组、1μmol·L^(-1)rCGH组和(1μmol·L^(-1)rCGH+H89)联合干预组。酶法测定胞内TG及游离甘油的含量,Western blot检测CREB及脂解相关蛋白的表达。结果不同浓度rCGH(0.25、0.5、1、2μmol·L^(-1))对脂肪细胞细胞活力无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,rCGH处理显著降低了脂滴大小和细胞内TG含量,同时显著升高了细胞上清液中的甘油浓度。rCGH处理还刺激了p-HSL、ATGL和p-PKA的蛋白表达。此外,加入PKA抑制剂H89,减弱了rCGH对游离甘油水平、细胞内TG含量以及p-HSL、p-PLIN1和p-CREB表达的影响。结论rCGH通过上调HSL、ATGL和PKA活性促进3T3-L1脂肪细胞的脂质分解,促进甘油释放,抑制TG合成和脂质积累,其作用机制与cAMP/PKA/CREB信号通路激活有关。

颧骨颧弓区射频溶脂辅助吸脂联合局部脂肪填充行面部轮廓重塑

目的:探讨在面部审美设计基础上采用颧骨、颧弓区域射频溶脂联合吸脂在面部轮廓塑形中的重要作用。方法:2021年1月-2022年1月,笔者对76例颧骨及颧弓区域明显凸起的女性就医者,首先进行面部审美设计,用“先吸脂后填充”的方式,即先用射频设备对颧骨及颧弓区域皮下脂肪进行溶脂操作,随后进行脂肪抽吸,最后对额部、中面部、颞区、颊区凹陷进行多部位的脂肪填充。结果:本组76例就医者,颧骨及颧弓区域吸脂量(5.5±2.4)ml,其中71例行一次填充术,5例行二次填充术,就医者满意率达90.7%,所有患者均未发生严重并发症。结论:在面部审美设计的基础上,颧骨及颧弓区域明显凸起者,可利用面部“加减法”技术联合局部射频溶脂处理,进行面部轮廓塑形,满意率高,并发症发生率低,临床上可借鉴。

肠上皮脂解刺激脂蛋白受体减轻葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的小鼠结肠炎

目的:探索脂解刺激脂蛋白受体(lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor,LSR)在葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate,DSS)诱导的结肠炎小鼠中的表达变化,以及肠上皮Lsr特异性敲除及过表达对结肠炎小鼠肠道炎症的影响。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠饮水中加入浓度为3%(w/v)的DSS,自由饮用6 d诱导小鼠结肠炎模型;实验结束后,通过RNA-seq对对照组和实验组中差异表达的基因进行筛选,通过RT-qPCR、Western blot和免疫荧光染色的方法检测LSR表达变化。接下来,通过Cre-loxP系统构建肠上皮Lsr特异性敲除小鼠,建立DSS诱导的结肠炎模型,检测体重变化、疾病活动度指数(disease activity index,DAI)评分、结肠长度并进行HE染色来评估小鼠肠炎症状;同时,通过ELISA检测血清中促炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6和IL-18水平;免疫荧光染色检测结肠组织中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞浸润情况;PAS染色观察杯状细胞数量。最后,腹腔注射腺相关病毒(AAV-Lsr)构建LSR过表达小鼠,确定LSR过表达成功后,通过上述方法诱导小鼠结肠炎模型后观察肠道炎症情况。结果:LSR在DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠中表达下调,同时,肠上皮Lsr特异性敲除小鼠对DSS诱导的结肠炎的易感性增加,表现为体重显著减轻(P<0.05),DAI得分显著升高(P<0.01),结肠长度显著缩短(P<0.05),病理损伤加重,促炎细胞因子TNF-α(P<0.05)、IL-1β(P<0.01)、IL-6(P<0.05)和IL-18(P<0.01)水平显著升高,炎症细胞浸润增加,结肠杯状细胞数量减少。此外,LSR过表达显著减轻DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠肠道炎症。结论:LSR在DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠中表达降低,LSR缺失加重DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠的肠道炎症,AAV介导LSR过表达能减轻DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠的肠道炎症。

The in vitro digestion fates of diacylglycerol under different intestinal conditions:a potential lipid source for lipid indigestion patients

The in vitro digestion models mimicking the gastrointestinal(GI)tract of general population and lipid indigestion patients(with lower levels of bile salts or pancreatic lipase)were selected to investigate whether diacylglycerols(DAGs)are potential good lipid sources for these patients.Linseed oil-based DAG(LD)and linseed oil(LT)were selected.LD-based emulsion((83.74±1.23)%)had higher lipolysis degree than LT-based emulsion((74.47±1.16)%)when monitoring the GI tract of normal population as previously reported.Indigestion conditions seriously decreased the digestive degree of LT-based emulsion((40.23±2.48)%-(66.50±3.70)%)while showed less influence on LD-based emulsion((64.18±2.41)%-(81.85±3.45)%).As opposed to LT-based emulsion,LD-based emulsion exhibited preference for releasing unsaturated fatty acids(especially oleic acid andα-linolenic acid)due to their different glycerolipid compositions.LD-based emulsion showed potential for providing lipids and nutrients(including essential fatty acids)for lipid indigestion patients.

光纤溶脂技术在面颈部脂肪松垂患者轮廓塑造中的应用研究

目的探讨光纤溶脂技术在面颈部脂肪松垂患者轮廓塑造中的应用效果。方法随机将2022年1月-2023年6月在我院就诊的78例面颈部脂肪松垂患者分为对照组(n=39)和观察组(n=39)。对照组接受负压吸脂技术治疗,观察组接受光纤溶脂技术治疗。比较两组手术时间、术后1d视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、伤口愈合时间、瘀斑消退时间以及治疗1个月、3个月后的总体美容改善评分法(IGAIS)评分;统计两组患者、医生手术效果满意率和术后并发症发生率。结果观察组手术时间、术后1d时VAS评分、伤口愈合时间、瘀斑消退时间均低于对照组,而术后1个月、3个月时IGAIS评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.772、7.178、13.349、2.677、5.067、5.755;P<0.05);观察组患者及医生手术效果满意率(92.31%;94.87%)均高于对照组(71.79%;76.92%),而术后并发症发生率(5.13%)低于对照组(23.08%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.517、5.186、5.186;P<0.05)。结论光纤溶脂技术具有创伤小、术后并发症发生风险低、患者术后恢复快等优势,其用于面颈部脂肪松垂患者轮廓塑造临床疗效较好,患者术后满意度较高。

天然产物改善肿瘤恶病质的研究进展

肿瘤恶病质是一种以骨骼肌萎缩、脂肪降解、体质量下降、食欲减退为特征的多因素消耗性综合征,常见于癌症患者晚期,严重影响癌症患者的生活质量和后期治疗效果。由于发病机制复杂,涉及多器官系统的代谢紊乱,目前尚缺乏肿瘤恶病质的特异性治疗药物。随着对肿瘤恶病质研究的深入,一些具有抗炎、抗癌、抗氧化等药理活性的天然产物在改善肿瘤恶病质的症状上显示出潜在的治疗作用。结合实验室的研究工作,综述了近年来对肿瘤恶病质有一定治疗作用的天然产物的研究进展,并展望其用于治疗肿瘤恶病质的前景,以期为肿瘤恶病质药物开发提供新的思路。

风干驼肉工艺优化及脂质水解氧化研究

该研究通过风干时间、盐添加量及腌制时间进行单因素和响应面试验,对风干驼肉的加工工艺进行优化。在测定水分含量、失重率及色度值的基础上,通过测定pH值、脂解酶活力、脂肪氧合酶活力、过氧化值和硫代巴比妥酸反应物值,了解风干驼肉加工过程中脂质水解及氧化情况。结果表明,风干驼肉的最优工艺条件为:风干时间8 d,盐添加量2.6%(质量分数),腌制时间3 d,在此条件下风干驼肉硬度和弹性适中。随着风干时间的延长,风干驼肉水分含量降低,失重率增加,色度值降低;腌制阶段中性脂肪酶活力显著升高(P<0.05),风干后期酸性脂肪酶和磷脂酶活力显著升高(P<0.05);风干阶段pH值先降低后上升;脂肪氧合酶活力、过氧化值及硫代巴比妥酸反应物值上升。该研究结果说明,风干驼肉加工过程中脂质发生的一定程度的水解和氧化有助于风干驼肉的风味品质形成。

水动力吸脂后辅助射频治疗在腰腹部塑形中的临床应用

目的 探讨水动力吸脂后辅助射频治疗在腰腹部塑形中的临床效果。方法 选取2021年1月至2023年1月在锦州医科大学附属第三医院整形外科行腰腹部脂肪堆积行水动力吸脂的患者120例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例,对照组患者进行单纯水动力吸脂手术,实验组采用水动力吸脂术后辅助射频治疗仪进行治疗。术后随访3个月,观察比较两组手术效果及患者满意度。结果 实验组患者术后腰腹部塑形术后效果的满意率为95.0%(57/60),患者的临床效果平均分数为(3.60±0.64)分;对照组患者术后腰腹部塑形术后效果的满意率为71.7%(47/60),临床效果满意率分数为(3.08±0.93)分;两组效果比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后均无明显瘢痕增生及凸凹不平,无感染及其他严重并发症发生。结论 水动力吸脂后辅助射频治疗在腰腹部塑形中具有良好的临床效果,患者的满意度较高,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

力学刺激通过PI3K/Akt通路促进骨质疏松小鼠的脂解和骨生成

目的:探究力学刺激对骨质疏松小鼠脂解和成骨的调节作用。方法:45只雌性C57BL/6小鼠,使用随机数字表法分为假手术组、造模组和力学刺激组,每组15只。在小鼠卵巢去势造模2周后,进行为期2周的膝关节力学刺激(1 N,5 Hz,6 min/d)治疗,治疗结束后处死动物。通过HE染色和MacNeal′s染色观察股骨的组织病理改变;油红O染色检测成脂分化;ALP染色检测成骨细胞分化;茜素红S染色检测成骨细胞矿化;细胞免疫荧光和Western印迹检测相关蛋白的表达变化。结果:HE染色和油红O染色结果显示,与造模组相比,力学刺激组抑制骨质疏松小鼠脂肪细胞的数量、周长和面积增多(t=4.544、13.042、6.243,均P<0.01)并抑制成脂分化(t=11.283,P<0.001);HE染色和MacNeal′s染色结果显示,与造模组相比,力学刺激组促进骨质疏松小鼠骨生成(t=-7.104、-9.701,均P<0.01);ALP染色和茜素红S染色结果显示,与造模组相比,力学刺激组促进骨质疏松小鼠成骨细胞分化和矿化(t=-2.807,P<0.05);细胞免疫荧光结果显示,与造模组相比,力学刺激组促进骨质疏松小鼠PI3K/Akt磷酸化和RUNX2表达(t=-4.715、-2.423、-3.873,均P<0.05);Western印迹分析结果表明,与造模组相比,力学刺激组促进PI3K/Akt通路磷酸化(t=-7.751、-6.048,均P<0.01),使脂解相关蛋白p-HSL、ATGL和成骨相关蛋白RUNX2、ALP的表达升高(t=-1.677、-7.59、-14.702、-4.504,均P<0.05)。结论:力学刺激通过促进PI3K/Akt磷酸化改善骨质疏松小鼠脂解功能和骨生成,有效缓解由卵巢去势引起的脂肪增多和骨量降低。

广式腊肠脂质降解与氧化的控制研究

通过对不同处理的广式腊肠在37℃贮藏条件下酸价、过氧化值、TBA值变化趋势的分析,研究了不同添加物对广武腊肠酸价抑制和抗氧化效果。结果表明,海藻酸钠对广式腊肠的酸价具有一定抑制效果,多数抗氧化剂对广式腊肠酸价几乎没有影响;真空包装和抗氧化剂可以明显的抑制广式腊肠脂质氧化,其中复配抗氧化剂、PG和TBHQ的抗氧化效果最佳,猪肉酶解液具有一定抗氧化性,其抗氧化能力与抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯相当。

乌龙茶减肥作用机制的研究

目的 : 乌龙茶是否能抑制由于喂饲高脂饲料而引起的肥胖。方法 : 以添加乌龙茶的高脂肪食喂饲小鼠 1 0 w,检查小鼠体重、肝脏重量、脂肪组织重量以及肝中甘油三酯的含量 ;从乌龙茶中分离促进脂肪分解的活性物质并检查在脂肪细胞中对去甲肾上腺素诱导脂肪分解的作用。结果 : 乌龙茶可以抑制喂饲高脂饲料引起的肥胖和脂肪肝。乌龙茶的水提取物能够促进去甲肾上腺素诱导的脂肪分解 ,其活性成分之一经鉴定是咖啡因。咖啡因能增强去甲肾上腺素诱导脂肪细胞中的脂肪分解作用。乌龙茶能抑制胰脂肪酶的活性。结论 : 乌龙茶的减肥作用可能是由于乌龙茶中所含具有促进脂肪分解作用的咖啡因和乌龙茶中其他有抑制脂肪吸收的物质所致。