Self-calibration wavelength modulation spectroscopy for acetylene detection based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy

The expressions of the second harmonic（2f） signal are derived on the basis of absorption spectral and lock-in theories.A parametric study indicates that the phase shift between the intensity and wavelength modulation makes a great contribution to the 2f signal.A self-calibration wavelength modulation spectroscopy（WMS） method based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy（TOLAS） is applied,combining the advantages of ambient pressure,temperature suppression,and phase-shift influences elimination.Species concentration is retrieved simultaneously from selected 2f signal pairs of measured and reference WMS-2f spectra.The absorption line of acetylene（C2H2） at 1530.36 nm near-infrared is selected to detect C2H2 concentrations in the range of 0-400 ppmv.System sensitivity,detection precision and limit are markedly improved,demonstrating that the self-calibration method has better detecting performance than the conventional WMS.

Event Normalization Through Dynamic Log Format Detection

The analytical and monitoring capabilities of central event re-positories, such as log servers and intrusion detection sys-tems, are limited by the amount of structured information ex-tracted from the events they receive. Diverse networks and ap-plications log their events in many different formats, and this makes it difficult to identify the type of logs being received by the central repository. The way events are logged by IT systems is problematic for developers of host-based intrusion-detection systems （specifically, host-based systems）, develop-ers of security-information systems, and developers of event-management systems. These problems preclude the develop-ment of more accurate, intrusive security solutions that obtain results from data included in the logs being processed. We propose a new method for dynamically normalizing events into a unified super-event that is loosely based on the Common Event Expression standard developed by Mitre Corporation. We explain how our solution can normalize seemingly unrelat-ed events into a single, unified format.

Wigner-Matrix-Based Normality Test and Application to Weak Signal Detection in SISO/SIMO Systems

Based on the asymptotic spectral distribution of Wigner matrices, a new normality test method is proposed via reforming the white noise sequence. In this work, the asymptotic cumulative distribution function （CDF） of eigenvalues of the Wigner matrix is deduced. A numerical Kullback-Leibler divergence of the empiric-d spectral CDF based on test samples from the deduced asymptotic CDF is established, which is treated as the test statistic. For validating the superiority of our proposed normality test, we apply the method to weak SIPSK signal detection in the single-input single-output （SISO） system and the single-input multiple-output （SIMO） system. By comparing with other common normality tests and the existing signal detection methods, simulation results show that the proposed method is superior and robust.

Improving performance of ZnO Schottky photodetector by inserting MXenes modified-layer

The development of low-cost and high-performance ZnO Schottky photodetectors (PDs) has drawn intensive attention,but still a challenge due to their poor conductivity and low light utilization efficiency.Here,we introduce Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) into ZnO films to fabricate Schottky UV PDs via facile spin-coated method.The fabricated ZnO/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)/ZnO compound film shows outstanding performance on photocurrent,responsivity,noise equivalent power (NEP),normalized detection rate (D~*),and linear dynamic region (LDR),compared with the original Zn O device.The photocurrent is significantly increased by 466%,and the responsivity is improved by one order of magnitude.In addition,it exhibits relatively low NEP (5.99×10^(-11)W),strong D~*(2.53×10~9 Jones),and high LDR (28 dB).The superior performance is ascribed to the enhanced conductivity and light absorption of ZnO film after introduction of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) modification layer,leading to simultaneously faster electron transfer,lower the radiation recombination of electron and holes on the ZnO/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)/ZnO compound film.This work provides a facile way to develop low-cost and highperformance ZnO Schottky PDs.

Auto-normalization algorithm for robotic precision drilling system in aircraft component assembly

A novel approach is proposed to detect the normal vector to product surface in real time for the robotic precision drilling system in aircraft component assembly, and the auto-normalization algorithm is presented based on the detection system. Firstly, the deviation between the normal vector and the spindle axis is measured by the four laser displacement sensors installed at the head of the multi-function end effector. Then, the robot target attitude is inversely solved according to the auto-normalization algorithm. Finally, adjust the robot to the target attitude via pitch and yaw rotations about the tool center point and the spindle axis is corrected in line with the normal vector simultaneously. To test and verify the auto-normalization algorithm, an experimental platform is established in which the laser tracker is introduced for accurate measurement. The results show that the deviations between the corrected spindle axis and the normal vector are all reduced to less than 0.5°, with the mean value 0.32°. It is demonstrated the detection method and the autonormalization algorithm are feasible and reliable.

The influence of the characteristics of a collection of particles on the scattered spectral density and its applications

The far-zone scattered spectral density of a light wave on the scattering from a collection of particles is investigated, and the relationship between the character of the collection and the distribution of the scattered spectral density is discussed. It is shown that both the number of particles and their locations in the collection play roles in the distribution of the far-zone scattered spectral density. This phenomenon may provide a potential method to reconstruct the structure character of a collection of particles from measurements of the far-zone scattered spectral density.

Extracting signal via stochastic resonance in the semiconductor optical amplifier

The stochastic resonance based on optical bistability in the semiconductor optical amplifier is numerically investigated to extract a weak pulse signal buried in noise. The output property of optical bistability under different system parameters is analyzed, which determines the performance of the stochastic resonance. Through optimizing these parameters, the noise-hidden signal is extracted via stochastic resonance, in which the maximum cross-correlation gain higher than nine is obtained. This provides a novel technology for detecting a weak optical signal in various signal processing fields.