Correlation Analysis between Well-cellar Early Transplanting of Robust Seedlings and Diseases in Shiyan Tobacco-growing Area

[Objectives]The paper was to investigate the relationship between the well-cellar early transplanting of robust seedlings and the prevalence of diseases in the Shiyan tobacco-growing area.[Methods]The relationship between disease occurrence and meteorological factors during the field growth period was examined by analyzing the prevalence of flue-cured tobacco virus diseases,brown spot,and total disease in the Shiyan tobacco-growing area before(2013-2017)and after(2018-2022)the well-cellar early transplanting of robust tobacco seedlings.[Results]The implementation of a well-cellar early transplanting technique of robust seedlings resulted in a reduction in the average incidence of tobacco virus disease,brown spot,and total disease by 0.83%,8.85%,and 7.91%,respectively,in comparison to the incidence observed prior to early transplanting.These findings suggest that early transplanting can significantly reduce the incidence of flue-cured tobacco diseases.Prior to the well-cellar early transplanting of robust tobacco seedlings,there was a significant(including highly significant)positive correlation between the incidence of brown spot and total disease and precipitation in August and September.The incidence of brown spot and total disease in tobacco plants was found to be significantly positively correlated with May precipitation and significantly negatively correlated with May sunshine hours following the well-cellar early transplanting of robust seedlings.The advancement of the transplanting period by 20 d resulted in a reduction in the growing period of tobacco plants in the field under autumn rains(late August to November)in western China.This effectively circumvented the suitable conditions for disease occurrence and can reduce the incidence of disease.[Conclusions]This study offers a framework for enhancing the quality and efficiency of flue-cured tobacco production in the northwest tobacco-growing area of Hubei.

Correlation Analysis Between Changes of D-Dimer Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated with Interstitial Lung Disease

Objective:To explore the correlation between the change of D-dimer level and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease.Methods:From January 2022 to February 2024,20 rheumatoid arthritis patients complicated with interstitial lung disease(interstitial lung disease group),20 rheumatoid arthritis patients without interstitial lung disease(without interstitial lung disease group),and 20 healthy people(control group)in Xijing Hospital were selected for this study.The fasting venous blood of the three groups of subjects was collected and their D-dimer,C-reactive protein(CRP),rheumatoid factor(RF),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)were detected.Subsequently,the correlation between each index and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease was analyzed.Results:The D-dimer level of the interstitial lung disease group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The D-dimer level of the group without interstitial lung disease was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).CRP levels in the interstitial lung disease group and the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The ESR and RF levels of the interstitial lung disease group were significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The levels of ESR and RF levels of the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:D-dimer levels of rheumatoid arthritis patients are higher than those of healthy individuals,and those complicated with interstitial lung disease present even higher levels.This finding shows that there is a correlation between D-dimer levels and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease,which may facilitate the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease.

Spatial Correlation Module for Classification of Multi-Label Ocular Diseases Using Color Fundus Images

To prevent irreversible damage to one’s eyesight,ocular diseases(ODs)need to be recognized and treated immediately.Color fundus imaging(CFI)is a screening technology that is both effective and economical.According to CFIs,the early stages of the disease are characterized by a paucity of observable symptoms,which necessitates the prompt creation of automated and robust diagnostic algorithms.The traditional research focuses on image-level diagnostics that attend to the left and right eyes in isolation without making use of pertinent correlation data between the two sets of eyes.In addition,they usually only target one or a few different kinds of eye diseases at the same time.In this study,we design a patient-level multi-label OD(PLML_ODs)classification model that is based on a spatial correlation network(SCNet).This model takes into consideration the relevance of patient-level diagnosis combining bilateral eyes and multi-label ODs classification.PLML_ODs is made up of three parts:a backbone convolutional neural network(CNN)for feature extraction i.e.,DenseNet-169,a SCNet for feature correlation,and a classifier for the development of classification scores.The DenseNet-169 is responsible for retrieving two separate sets of attributes,one from each of the left and right CFI.After then,the SCNet will record the correlations between the two feature sets on a pixel-by-pixel basis.After the attributes have been analyzed,they are integrated to provide a representation at the patient level.Throughout the whole process of ODs categorization,the patient-level representation will be used.The efficacy of the PLML_ODs is examined using a soft margin loss on a dataset that is readily accessible to the public,and the results reveal that the classification performance is significantly improved when compared to several baseline approaches.

Correlation between severity of endoscopic findings and apnea-hypopnea index in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and obstructive sleep apnea

AIM: To assess the relationship between severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as an indicator of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS: Data of 57 patients with proven obstructive sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux disease were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to severity of the sleep apnea: 'mild-moderate' (A)-AHI 5≥5-30, n=27, 'severe' (B)-AHI >30, n=30. All patients underwent apnea monitoring during the night, upper panendoscopy and were asked about typical reflux symptoms. RESULTS: All examined patients in both groups showed a significant overweight and there was a positive correlation between body mass index and the degree of sleep apnea (P = 0.0002). The occurence of erosive reflux disease was significantly higher in 'severe' group (P = 0.0001). Using a logistic regression analysis a positive correlation was found between the endoscopic severity of reflux disease and the AHI (P = 0.016). Forty-nine point five percent of the patients experienced the typical symptoms of reflux disease at least three times a week and there was no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: A positive correlation can be found between the severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease and obstructive sleep apnea.

Acute liver failure with hemolytic anemia in children with Wilson’s disease:Genotype-phenotype correlations?

BACKGROUND Wilson’s disease(WD)is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of copper metabolism.Acute liver failure(ALF)and hemolytic anemia represent the most severe presentation of WD in children.No clear genotype-phenotype correlations exist in WD.Protein-truncating nonsense,frame-shift,or splice-site variants may be associated with more severe disease.In contrast,missense variants may be associated with late-onset,less severe disease,and more neurological manifestations.Recently,a gene variant(HSD17B13:TA,rs72613567)with a possible hepatic protective role against toxins was associated with a less severe hepatic phenotype in WD.AIM To analyze the possible genotype-phenotype correlations in children with WD presented with ALF and non-immune hemolytic anemia.METHODS The medical records of children with WD diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestations(ALF with non-immune hemolytic anemia or other less severe forms),laboratory parameters,copper metabolism,ATP7B variants,and the HSD17B13:TA(rs72613567)variant were reviewed to analyze the possible genotype-phenotype correlations.RESULTS We analyzed the data of 51 patients with WD,26 females(50.98%),with the mean age at the diagnosis of 12.36±3.74 years.ALF and Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia was present in 8 children(15.67%),all adolescent girls.The Kayser-Fleisher ring was present in 9 children(17.65%).The most frequent variants of the ATP7B gene were p.His1069Gln(c.3207A>G)in 38.24% of all alleles,p.Gly1341Asp(c.4021G>A)in 26.47%,p.Trp939Cys(c.2817G>T)in 9.80%,and p.Lys844Ter(c.2530A>T)in 4.90%.In ALF with hemolytic anemia,p.Trp939Cys(c.2817G>T)and p.Lys844Ter(c.2530A>T)variants were more frequent than in other less severe forms,in which p.His1069Gln(c.3207A>G)was more frequent.p.Gly1341Asp(c.4021G>A)has a similar frequency in all hepatic forms.For 33 of the patients,the HSD17B13 genotype was evaluated.The overall HSD17B13:TA allele frequency was 24.24%.Its frequency was higher in patients with less severe liver disease(26.92%)than those with ALF and hemolytic anemia(14.28%).CONCLUSION It remains challenging to prove a genotype-phenotype correlation in WD patients.In children with ALF and hemolytic anemia,the missense variants other than p.His1069Gln(c.3207A>G)and frame-shift variants were the most frequently present in homozygous status or compound heterozygous status with site splice variants.As genetic analysis is usually time-consuming and the results are late,the importance at the onset of the ALF is questionable.If variants proved to be associated with severe forms are found in the pre-symptomatic phase of the disease,this could be essential to predict a possible severe evolution.

Correlation between soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products levels and coronary artery disease in postmenopausal nondiabetic women

BACKGROUND The established cardiovascular risk factors cannot explain the overall risk of coronary artery disease(CAD),especially in women.Therefore,there is a growing need for the assessment of novel biomarkers to identify women at risk.The receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE)and its interaction with the advanced glycation end product(AGE)ligand have been associated with atherogenesis.The soluble fraction of RAGE(sRAGE)antagonizes RAGE signaling and exerts an antiatherogenic effect.AIM The study aim was to explore the association between plasma levels of sRAGE and CAD in nondiabetic postmenopausal women.METHODS This case-control study included 110 nondiabetic postmenopausal women who were enrolled in two groups.Group I included 55 angiographically proven CAD subjects with>50%stenosis in at least one of the major coronary arteries and Group II included 55 healthy control women who did not have CAD or had<50%stenosis of the coronary arteries.Stenosis was confirmed by invasive angiography.Plasma sRAGE was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS We observed significantly lower plasma sRAGE concentrations in subjects with CAD vs healthy controls(P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis also revealed a significant correlation between plasma sRAGE levels and CAD(P=0.01).Multivariate odds ratios for CAD revealed that subjects with sRAGE concentrations below 225 pg/mL(lowest quartile)had a 6-fold increase in CAD prevalence independent of other risk factors.CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that low sRAGE levels were independently associated with CAD in nondiabetic postmenopausal women.Risk assessment of CAD in postmenopausal women can be improved by including sRAGE along with other risk factors.

Meta-analysis of the association between chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease

BACKGROUND Many scholars have performed several clinical studies have investigated the association between chronic periodontitis(CP)and chronic kidney disease(CKD).However,there are still differences between these research results,and there is no unified conclusion.Therefore,a systematic review is required to understand this issue fully.AIM To explore the correlation between CP and CKD.METHODS Literature on the correlation between CP and CKD,as well as the clinical attachment level(CAL)and pocket probing depth(PPD)of CKD and non-CKD,were retrieved from PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and Web of Science repositories until January 2024.After the effective data were extracted,data processing and statistics were performed using Stata 12.0.RESULTS Of the 22 studies,13 were related to CP and CKD,and 9 reported CAL and PPD in patients with CKD and healthy controls.Meta-analysis of the correlation between CP and CKD revealed that CKD probability in people with CP was 1.54 times that of healthy individuals[relative risk=1.54,95%confidence interval(CI):1.40-1.70],and CP incidence in patients with CKD was 1.98 times that of healthy individuals[overall risk(OR)=1.98,95%CI:1.53-2.57].Meta-analysis of CAL and PPD evaluations between CKD patients and healthy individuals showed that CAL and PPD levels were higher in CKD patients[standard mean difference(SMD)of CAL=0.65,95%CI:0.29-1.01;SMD of PPD=0.33,95%CI:0.02-0.63].CONCLUSION A bidirectional association exists between CP and CKD.CKD risk is increased in CP patients and vice versa.Periodontal tissue or tooth loss risks increase over time in CKD patients.

Is there a correlation between endoscopy and imaging findings in Crohn’s disease

Background and Aims: Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Endoscopy and radiology play an important role in the diagnosis and management of this specific disease. The ability of each of these two tests to detect the gastrointestinal involvement (ulceration, stenosis, fistula, polyp, mucosal thickening) varies according to the type of Crohn’s lesions. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between these two diagnostic methods in the detection of those specific lesions in 70 patients diagnosed with Crohn’s Disease (CD) during the period of 3 years. Methods: In this retrospective study, including 70 patients with Crohn’s disease, Four major characteristic lesions (ulceration, stenosis, fistula and polyps) were studied by endoscopy and radiological exams to evaluate the relationship between endoscopy and imaging findings in the detection of these lesions. The analysis of our results was made by statistical analysis system: EpiInfo and SPSS. Results: The concordance of each of these diagnostic modalities is average for stenosis and fistulas and low diagnostic significance for ulcers and polyps. However, the imaging features of mucosal thickening are sensitive but not specific.

Correlation between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis based on Fibrotouch

Objective:The study aimed to investigate the correlation between metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis based on Fibrotouch.Methods:During the years 2015-2018,a total of 401 patients with fatty liver diagnosed by imaging and met the diagnostic criteria of MAFLD,examined by transient elastography(TE)were enrolled in the Department of Hepatology of the Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University.The patients were classified into 4 MAFLD subgroups:MAFLD lean/normal weight group(n=25),MAFLD overweight group(n=52),MAFLD obese group(n=249)and MAFLD diabetic(MAFLD-DM)group(n=75),according to their body mass index(BMI)with or without diabetes mellitus(DM).Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),liver and kidney function,blood lipid,routine blood test,liver stiffness value(LSM),controlled attenuation parameter(CAP)and so on,were collected.A variety of noninvasive hepatic fibrosis indexes such as NAFLD fibrosis score(NFS),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)to platelet(PLT)ratio index(APRI),diabetes score(BARD)and fibros-4 index(FIB-4)were used to evaluate the risk of hepatic fibrosis,comparing the general information,biochemical indicators and non-invasive liver fibrosis indicators among them.Whether accompanied with liver fibrosis or not.The patients were divided into MAFLD group and MAFLD liver fibrosis group Univariate analysis and multivariate Logsitics regression analysis were performed to analyze the correlation between MAFLD and liver fibrosis.Results:Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),PLT,AST,alanyl aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),very low density lipoprotein cholesterol(VLDL-C),albumin(A lb),APRI,FIB-4,hyperlipidemia,history of lipid-regulating drugs,and history of viral hepatitis(hepatitis B and hepatitis C)were not statistically significant.Age,sex,body mass index(BMI),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),creatinine(Cr),uric acid(UA),FPG,HbA1c,NFS score,BARD score,LSM,CAP,diabetes mellitus,hypoglycemic or antihypertensive drug use history,drinking history,smoking history were statistically significant.The proportion of significant and advanced liver fibrosis in MAFLDobese group and MAFLD-DM group was significantly higher than other two groups.Increased BMI,CAP,and APRI scores were associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis in MAFLD by univariate and multivariate analyses.Conclusion:BMI,CAP and APRI score are risk factors for the progression of liver fibrosis in MAFLD.

Papulosa Nigra Dermatosis Another Factor Associated with Cardio-Vascular Diseases?

Objectives: To determine the correlation between dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients and Method: A retrospective study was conducted between April 2022 and March 2023 in cardiology at Loandjili General Hospital. Were included all adult patients older than 18 years of age presenting with DPN, and divided into two groups according to the presence of CVD. Hypertension (HT), endomyocardial fibrosis, dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy, chronic pulmonary heart, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were retained as CVD. Pregnant women, Peutz Jeghers syndrome and all dermatosis with cardiovascular manifestations were excluded. Studied variables were clinico-demographic, hereditary and behavioral. Results: A total of 55 patients were selected. There were 40 patients with CVD, 15 patients without CVD, 43 women (78.1%) and 12 men (21.8%). Mean age was 52 ± 12.6 years (extremes: 22 - 85 years). There was a significant difference between age and sex (P 0.05). There were 34 hypertensive patients, 10 patients with diabetes mellitus, 7 strokes, 2 endomyocardial fibrosis and 2 ischemic heart diseases. Periorbital location was representative was frequently found in the group with CVD. Hereditary and behavioral factors were involved in the development of DPN and CVD. There was a significant correlation between DPN and onset in childhood (P 0.05), between hypertension and use of medication (P 0.05), and between onset in childhood (P 0.05) and use of mercury containing soap (P 0.05). Conclusion: DPN predominates in young women. The occurrence of CVD depends on DPN location. Hereditary and behavioral factors associated with development of DPN are CVD factor risks.

Correlation between serum fructosamine and hyperglycemia in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease

BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in patients with acute cerebral disease,and always leads to stroke or get it worse.There is often a high level of blood glucose in those patients with diabetes mellitus and cerebral disease,but it is hard to distinguish from both kinds of hyperglycemia.Serum fructosamine is said to be correlated with blood glucose.OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.DESIGN:A case-controlled study.SETTINGS:Department of Clinical Laboratory,Health Department for Cadres and Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital,Qingdao University Medical College.PARTICIPANTS:Forty-eight inpatients and outpatients with cerebrovascular diseases were selected from the Department of Neurology,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from December 2004 to April 2005.All the patients were confirmed with CT and MRI.There were 25 patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases,who met the diagnostic standards of diabetes mellitus set by WHO,including 12 males and 13 females with an average of(60±8)years old,the course of diabetes mellitus ranged from 1 to 21 years..The other 23 patients had no diabetes mellitus(without diabetes mellitus group),including 14 males and 9 females with an average of(62±6)years old.Meanwhile,another 50 healthy physical examinees in the hospital were selected as control group,including 26 males and 24 females with the average age of(62±5)years old.Informed content was obtained from all the participants.METHODS:Venous blood was drawn from all the participants,and content of blood glucose was assayed by means of glucose oxidase,and the concentration of serum fructosamine was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method.Comparison between groups was performed by the analysis of variance and q test,and the correlation was tested by linear regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Comparison of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the groups;②Correlation between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases and those without diabetes mellitus.RESULTS:All the 48 patients with cerebrovascular disease and 50 healthy subjects were involved in the analysis of results.①Contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine:There were obvious differences in the contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group(F=577.7,115.1,P<0.01).The content of serum fructosamine in the diabetes mellitus group[(4.25±1.35)mmol/L]was obviously higher than those in the control group and without diabetes mellitus group[(1.65±0.27),(1.96±0.25)mmol/L,q=1.47,1.30,P<0.01],whereas there was no significant difference between the without diabetes mellitus group and control group(P>0.05).The content of blood glucose was obviously higher in the patients with and without diabetes mellitus groups[(15.80±2.13),(9.50±1.78)mmol/L]than in the control group[(4.56±0.77)mmol/L,q=1.86,2.46,P<0.01],also markedly higher in the with diabetes mellitus group than in the without diabetes mellitus group(q=1.42,P<0.01).②Results of correlation analysis:The content of serum fructosamine was positively correlated with the level of fasting blood glucose in the patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases(r=0.603,P<0.01).But there was no relationship between serum fructosamine and fasting blood glucose in the patients without diabetes mellitus(r=0.357,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The contents of blood glucose and serum fructosamine were obviously different among the diabetes mellitus group,without diabetes mellitus group and control group.There are closer relations between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebral disorders,which are not observed in the patients without diabetes mellitus.Fructosamine is significant in differentiating the reasons for the increased blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.

Correlation of acid reflux and esophageal motility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Objective:To explore the relationship between acid reflux and esophageal motility in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019,80 patients with typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms such as reflux and heartburn were randomly selected from the Department of Gastroenterology,First Affiliated Hospital of guangxi university of chinese medicine.The patients were divided into pathological group,sensitive group and physiological group based on the percentage of acid exposure time and reflux-symptom correlation.The GerdQ score,quality of life score,esophageal acid test and esophageal manometry related parameters of the three groups of patients were compared.Results:Compared with the sensitive group and the physiological group,the GerdQ score,DeMeester score,orthostatic acid reflux time,orthostatic acid reflux time,longest acid reflux time and acid reflux times in the pathological group were significantly higher.Sf-36 score,lower esophageal sphincter pressure and effective rate of deglutition were all significantly reduced,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with the physiological group,the GerdQ score of the sensitive group was higher.The sf-36 score was low,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The acid indexes in the sensitive group were higher than those in the physiological group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the physiological group,the distal contraction integral and the amplitude of the lower esophageal sphincter 3cm above the pathological group and the sensitive group decreased significantly(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the length of the lower esophageal sphincter,the length of the lower esophageal sphincter in the abdominal segment,the amplitude of the upper esophageal sphincter at 7cm and 11cm and the peristaltic wave velocity of the esophageal body in the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:the decrease of lower esophageal sphincter pressure is the key factor leading to pathological acid reflux,and acid reflux is closely related to distal contraction integral and peristaltic amplitude of 3cm on lower esophageal sphincter in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Correlation between levels of serum FKN and clinical index in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Objective: To investigate the correlation and clinical significance between the serum Fractalkine (FKN) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), BNP, CK, CK-MB, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C levels in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 95 cases of patients with coronary heart disease were admitted to the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, March 2016 to December 2016, including 52 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 43 patients with Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 45 matched healthy subjects were collected. The Serum levels of FKN were detected by ELISA. The correlation and significance of FKN and clinical indexes were analyzed. Results: (1) the levels of serum FKN, IL-6, CRP, BNP, CK, CK-MB, TC, TG, LDL-C in the SAP group and ACS group were significantly higher than those in the control group, HDL-C were significantly decreased. Compared with SAP group, serum FKN level was significantly increased and IL-6, CRP, BNP, CK and CK-MB levels were significantly increased in ACS group, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C levels were not significant difference between SAP group and ACS group. (2) Correlation analyses showed that there was a significant positive correlation between FKN levels and IL-6, CRP, BNP, CK, CK-MB, LDL-C, significant Negative correlation between FKN levels and HDL-C, weakly positive correlation between FKN levels and TC, and no correlation between FKN levels and TG. Conclusions: The serum levels of FKN in patients with CHD are significantly increased, which are closely related to the inflammatory reaction and can be used as biomarker of CHD for early diagnosis and prognosis.

Correlation of diseased region and area with neglect and other neuropsychological dysfunctions in patients with cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND: Previous studies reported that frontal-temporal-parietal-occipital pathological changes and diseased range in the right cerebral hemisphere were closely correlated with neglect. But studies on the correlation of neglect with diseased region and area in patients who suffer from initial attack of single focus of cerebral infarction (CI) in left and right cerebral hemispheres are few. OBJECTIVE: To observe the status of neglect in patients who suffer from single focus of CI in cerebral hemisphere, and analyze the correlation of neglect with diseased region and area of CI. DESIGN: Case analysis. SETTING: Treatment Center for Cardiocerebrovascular Disease, Second Hospital of Xiamen city; Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Baotou Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: All the CI patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Baotou Medical College from June 1998 to May 2001 were retrieved. Inclusive criteria: ① Patients who suffered from initial attack of CI, which was confirmed by skull CT or MRI within 24 hours after onset and presented single focus in cerebral hemisphere. ② be conscious and could cooperate in the examination. ③ did not receive formal education, but could do accounts and some simple writing and reading. ④Patients with homonymous hemianopia were excluded through the examination of perimeter. ⑤ Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Among 67 patients who met the inclusive criteria, 33 suffered from CI in the left cerebral hemisphere and 34 in the right cerebral hemisphere. METHODS: ① Patients received neglect supplement examination and Chinese aphasia examination within 2.5 to 3 months after the attack of CI . The diagnostic criteria of neglect in the tests of line cancellation, line bisection and copying the figures were as follows: In the line cancellation test based on the method of Albert, patients who could not cancel one or more lines were regarded as abnormal. In the line bisection test based on the method of Peter, patients who left deviated 1.16% or right deviated 2.51% were regarded as abnormal. In the test of copying the figures, round-shape, square, cruciform and other shapes were asked to be copied, defect appeared in the figure was regarded as abnormal. The diagnostic criteria of aphasia were according to the diagnostic method of Chinese aphasia examination and type identification flow-sheet of aphasia. Infarct area was calculated based on Palisino formula: infarct area=π/6×the longest diameter of infarct area×the widest diameter of infarct area×the number of CT positive layer. ② Chi-square test was used for comparing the difference of measurement data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Diseased region and area of CI and their correlations with neglect. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients were involved in result analysis. ① The correlation of the occurrence of neglect with the diseased regions of CI: Neglect was not found in 33 patients with CI in left cerebral hemisphere, but was found in 7 of 34 patients with CI in right cerebral hemisphere. The diseased regions involved right temporoparietal region, temporal-parietal-occipital region, frontal-temporal-parietal region, frontal-temporal-parietal-occipital region, temporoparietal basal nucleus, basal nucleus and dorsal caudate putamen. ②The correlation of the occurrence of neglect with diseased area: infarct area ≤ 30 cm3 was found in 2 patients with neglect (12.5%), infarct area at 31 to 60 cm3 in 1 patient with neglect (14.3%),infarct area ≥ 61 cm3 in 4 patients with neglect (36.4%). There was no significant difference in infarct area among groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: ① Right cerebral hemisphere takes advantage in spatial attention. ② Neglect is more possibly caused by the combined pathological changes in temporal and parietal lobe. Temporal and parietal lobes may not cause neglect independently, but the occurrence of neglect is not directly correlated with infarct area.

Correlation research of serum APoM contents with disease activity for SLE patients

Objective:To study the correlation of serum APoM (Apolipoprotein M) contents with disease activity for SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) patients.Method: A total of 80 SLE patients treated from January 2013 to March 2017 in our Rheumatology and Immunology Department were selected. The subjects were divided into activity group (44 cases) and relief group (36 cases) according to the SLEDAI scores. There were 31 cases with renal injury and 49 cases without renal injury. The index of CRP, ESR, ApoM and blood lipid level for each group was compared. The correlation of ApoM contents with CRP and ESR was analyzed.Result:The index of CRP and ESR for activity group was higher than relief group;the ApoM contents for activity group were lower than relief group;the index of CRP and ESR for renal injury group was higher than non-renal injury group;the ApoM contents for renal injury group was lower than non-renal injury group;the index of TG and LDL-C for activity group were higher than relief group;the index of TC and HDL-C for activity group were lower than relief group;the index of TG and LDL-C for renal injury group was higher than non-renal injury group;the index of TC and HDL-C for renal injury group was lower than non-renal injury group;the ApoM contents were negatively correlated with the index of ESR and CRP.Conclusion: At the activity and relief stage,, the ApoM contents for renal injury patients and non-renal injury patients are significantly different;the ApoM contents can be seen as the observation index of SEL activity. It may be correlated with the mediation of inflammatory response.

The Correlation between Free Triiodothyronine, Free Thyroxine and Hypertension in Depression Patients with Hypothyroidism and Its Clinical Guiding Value

Background: Cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease, are often accompanied by thyroid and mental diseases, the harm of which poses great threats to patients’ health. Objective: To explore the correlation between free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and hypertension in depression patients with hypothyroidism and its clinical guiding value. Methods: A total of 548 patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism in Wuxue First People’s Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2018 to September 2022 were enrolled. According to whether complicated with depression, they were divided into hypothyroidism without depression group (group A) and hypothyroidism with depression group (group B). The gender, age, comorbidities (such as depression, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, acute myocardial infarction), FT3, FT4, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were recorded. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze hypertensive patients with hypothyroidism. Multivariate binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension in patients with hypothyroidism. Results: The TSH level, the number of hypertension, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia in group B were statistically significantly higher than those in group A (P 3 level in group B was statistically significantly lower than that in group A (P s = 0.092), coronary heart disease (rs = 0.000), hyperlipidemia (rs = 0.000), diabetes (rs = 0.000), and age (rs = 0.000), and negatively correlated with FT3 (rs = 0.000) (P 3 and FT4 were the influencing factors of hypertension. The risk of hypertension in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia significantly increased by 3.425 and 1.761 times (P 3, the risk of hypertension increased (P 4, the risk of hypertension significantly increased (P 3 and FT4 are the influencing factors of hypertension. The lower the FT3 level, the higher the FT4 level, the higher the risk of hypertension. FT3 and FT4 may be potential biomarkers of depression in hypertensive patients. Thyroid function assessment is recommended in patients with hypertension.

Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a narrative review

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary target.Although progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,there is considerable heterogeneity,including clinical presentation,progression,and the underlying triggers for disease initiation.Based on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations,it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase,possibly in years,where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom onset.Since 85-90%of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic,there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for regeneration.Current Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the disease.Skeletal muscle,including the neuromuscular junction,manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease,before motor neuron loss,making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal phase.The accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real time.The advent of“omics”technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle,ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and metabolites.This technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms.A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of disease.There are two major goals of this review.The first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activity,evidence of a similar dysregulation in the SOD1G93A mouse during presymptomatic stages,and evidence of progressive change during disease progression.The second goal is to review the molecular pathways these biomarkers reflect and their potential role in mitigating or promoting disease progression,and as such,their potential as therapeutic targets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

残余胆固醇与进展为主要不良心血管事件的非罪犯病变易损斑块的相关性研究

背景 残余胆固醇(RC)被认为是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的重要危险因素,而冠状动脉非罪犯病变(NCCLs)进展也是影响冠心病患者预后的重要因素,但是残余胆固醇与进展为主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的NCCLs易损斑块的关系尚不明确。目的 探讨RC对发生MACE的NCCLs易损斑块的预测价值及长期预后的相关性。方法 选取2015年2月—2022年2月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心住院的488例冠心病患者为研究对象,通过电子病历系统收集患者基线资料,行冠状动脉造影及光学相干断层扫描OCT。入组患者在出院1、3、6和12个月接受预定随访。采用Spearman秩相关检验探究RC与NCCLs中薄纤维帽粥样硬化斑块(TCFA)斑块特征的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究NCCLs中TCFA发生MACE的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)并计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC),探究RC对NCCLs中TCFA发生MACE的预测价值。结果 共纳入488例冠心病患者,根据NCCLs是否发生MACE将患者分为发生MACE组(n=38)和未发生MACE组(n=450)。通过OCT识别NCCLs的斑块特征,共分析了749个NCCLs斑块,304个NCCLs斑块最小管腔面积(MLA)<3.5 mm^(2)。随访期间38例(7.8%)患者共发生了41例次NCCLs斑块引起的MACE事件,18例(3.7%)患者发生了支架内再狭窄,15例(3.1%)发生了不确定因素的死亡。发生MACE组患者高血压、糖尿病、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、RC、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、TCFA、MLA<3.5 mm^(2)比例高于未发生MACE组(P<0.05)。105例患者检查出TCFA,其中22例发生MACE(发生MACE的TCFA组),83例未发生MACE(未发生MACE的TCFA组)。发生MACE的TCFA组糖尿病比例与RC高于未发生MACE的TCFA组(P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果示,RC与最薄纤维帽厚度、MLA呈负相关(r_(s)=-0.665、-0.771,P<0.05),与最大脂质弧度、巨噬细胞浸润呈正相关(r_(s)=0.806、0.481,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示糖尿病(OR=3.410,95%CI=1.165~9.988,P=0.025)、高RC水平(OR=5.879,95%CI=1.436~24.073,P=0.014)是NCCLs中TCFA发生MACE的危险因素。绘制RC预测NCCLs中TCFA发生MACE的ROC曲线,结果显示AUC为0.695(95%CI=0.571~0.819,P=0.005),最佳截断值为0.606 mmol/L,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.818、0.518。结论 RC水平升高可能是冠心病患者中NCCLs易损斑块发生MACE的危险因素,对NCCLs中TCFA发生MACE有一定的预测价值。

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms

In the last years new evidence has accumulated on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)challenging the paradigms that had been holding the scene over the previous 30 years.NAFLD has such an epidemic prevalence as to make it impossible to screen general population looking for NAFLD cases.Conversely,focusing on those cohorts of individuals exposed to the highest risk of NAFLD could be a more rational approach.NAFLD,which can be diagnosed with either non-invasive strategies or through liver biopsy,is a pathogenically complex and clinically heterogeneous disease.The existence of metabolic as opposed to genetic-associated disease,notably including"lean NAFLD"has recently been recognized.Moreover,NAFLD is a systemic condition,featuring metabolic,cardiovascular and(hepatic/extrahepatic)cancer risk.Among the clinico-laboratory features of NAFLD we discuss hyperuricemia,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis,gallstones,psoriasis and selected endocrine derangements.NAFLD is a precursor of type 2 diabetes(T2D)and metabolic syndrome and progressive liver disease develops in T2D patients in whom the course of disease is worsened by NAFLD.Finally,lifestyle changes and drug treatment options to be implemented in the individual patient are also critically discussed.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the new concepts on clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity of NAFLD,a systemic disorder with a multifactorial pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations.It is highly prevalent in certain cohorts of individuals who are thus potentially amenable to selective screening strategies,intensive follow-up schedules for early identification of liver-related and extrahepatic complications and in whom earlier and more aggressive treatment schedules should be carried out whenever possible.

Alteration of functional connectivity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

The main symptom of patients with Alzheimer’s disease is cognitive dysfunction. Alzheimer’s disease is mainly diagnosed based on changes in brain structure. Functional connectivity reflects the synchrony of functional activities between non-adjacent brain regions, and changes in functional connectivity appear earlier than those in brain structure. In this study, we detected resting-state functional connectivity changes in patients with Alzheimer’s disease to provide reference evidence for disease prediction. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data from patients with Alzheimer’s disease were used to show whether particular white and gray matter areas had certain functional connectivity patterns and if these patterns changed with disease severity. In nine white and corresponding gray matter regions, correlations of normal cognition, early mild cognitive impairment, and late mild cognitive impairment with blood oxygen level-dependent signal time series were detected. Average correlation coefficient analysis indicated functional connectivity patterns between white and gray matter in the resting state of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Functional connectivity pattern variation correlated with disease severity, with some regions having relatively strong or weak correlations. We found that the correlation coefficients of five regions were 0.3–0.5 in patients with normal cognition and 0–0.2 in those developing Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, in the other four regions, the range increased to 0.45–0.7 with increasing cognitive impairment. In some white and gray matter areas, there were specific connectivity patterns. Changes in regional white and gray matter connectivity patterns may be used to predict Alzheimer’s disease;however, detailed information on specific connectivity patterns is needed. All study data were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Library of the Image and Data Archive Database.