China's nuclear power industry experienced such three stages as initiation,moderate development and active development.So far,there have been 11 nuclear power units in service in the Chinese mainland with a total ...China's nuclear power industry experienced such three stages as initiation,moderate development and active development.So far,there have been 11 nuclear power units in service in the Chinese mainland with a total installed capacity of 9 100 MW.In addition,there are 24 units being constructed or to be constructed as listed in the 11th Five-Year Plan.展开更多
The nuclear event risk(NER)is an important and disputed factor that should be reasonably considered when planning the pathway of nuclear power development(NPD)to assess the benefits and risks of developing nuclear pow...The nuclear event risk(NER)is an important and disputed factor that should be reasonably considered when planning the pathway of nuclear power development(NPD)to assess the benefits and risks of developing nuclear power more objectively.This paper aims to explore the impact of nuclear events on NPD pathway planning.The influence of nuclear events is quantified as a monetary risk component,and an optimization model that incorporates the NER in the objective function is proposed.To optimize the pathway of NPD in the lowcarbon transition course of power supply structure evolution,a simulation model is built to deduce alternative NPD pathways and corresponding power supply evolution scenarios under the constraint of an exogenously assigned carbon emission pathway(CEP);moreover,a method is proposed to describe the CEP by superimposing the maximum carbon emission space and each carbon emission reduction(CER)component,and various CER components are clustered considering the emission reduction characteristics and resource endowments of different power generation technologies.A case study is conducted to explore the impact of NER and its risk valuation uncertainty on NPD pathway planning.The method presented in this paper allows the impact of nuclear events on NPD pathway planning to be quantified and improves the level of coordinated optimization of benefits and risks.展开更多
报告1例青少年起病的成人型糖尿病(maturity-onset diabetes of the young,MODY)3型(MODY3)合并5型(MODY5)患者的临床特征、诊断及治疗,并复习相关文献。利用MODY(1~14型)基因外显子二代测序和Sanger测序验证MODY患者及其母亲,结合临床...报告1例青少年起病的成人型糖尿病(maturity-onset diabetes of the young,MODY)3型(MODY3)合并5型(MODY5)患者的临床特征、诊断及治疗,并复习相关文献。利用MODY(1~14型)基因外显子二代测序和Sanger测序验证MODY患者及其母亲,结合临床表型及基因检测结果,该患者诊断为MODY3合并MODY5,给予胰岛素及利格列汀治疗,观察血糖变化。临床医师应提高对MODY临床表型的认识,对于合并先天性胰腺和肾脏发育不全、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高,无自发酮症、胰岛素分泌缺陷,胰岛自身抗体阴性,无明显胰岛素抵抗,非肥胖的青少年糖尿病患者应行基因检测以筛查MODY,精准诊断并予以个体化治疗将有助于血糖水平达标及改善生活质量,并指导优化生育。展开更多
The current status and development history of domestic and abroad research reactors (RRs) are mentioned.The representative RRs and their respective technology characteristics are introduced.The utilizations of China&#...The current status and development history of domestic and abroad research reactors (RRs) are mentioned.The representative RRs and their respective technology characteristics are introduced.The utilizations of China's RRs,mainly included as nuclear engineering technology,basic research applications of nuclear technology,teaching and personnel training,are explained.展开更多
Ciliated protists are ideal material for studying the origin and evolution of sex,because of their nuclear dimorphism(containing both germline micronucleus and somatic macronucleus in the same cytoplasm),special sexua...Ciliated protists are ideal material for studying the origin and evolution of sex,because of their nuclear dimorphism(containing both germline micronucleus and somatic macronucleus in the same cytoplasm),special sexual processes(conjugation and autogamy),and high diversity of mating-type systems.However,the study of sexual process is limited to only a few species,due to the difficulties in inducing or observing conjugation.In the present study,we investigate the conjugation process in Paramecium multimicronucleatum:(1)of the three prezygotic divisions,all micronuclei undergo the first two divisions(meiosis I,II),while a variable number of nuclei undergo the third division(mitosis);(2)the synkaryon divides three times after fertilization,giving rise to eight products that differentiate into four macronuclear anlagen and four micronuclei;(3)cells restore the vegetative stage after two successive cell fissions during which the macronuclear anlagen are distributed into daughter cells without division,while micronuclei divide mitotically;(4)the parental macronucleus begins to fragment following the first meiotic division and finally degenerates completely;(5)the entire process takes about 110 h,of which about 85 h are required for macronuclear development.In addition,we describe for the first time the process of genomic exclusion occurring between amicronucleate and micronucleate cells of P.multimicronucleatum,during which the micronucleate cell contributes a pronucleus to the amicronucleate cell,resulting in both exconjugants being homozygotes.These results provide new insights into the diversity of sexual processes and lay an important cytological basis for future in-depth studies of mating systems in ciliates.展开更多
文摘China's nuclear power industry experienced such three stages as initiation,moderate development and active development.So far,there have been 11 nuclear power units in service in the Chinese mainland with a total installed capacity of 9 100 MW.In addition,there are 24 units being constructed or to be constructed as listed in the 11th Five-Year Plan.
基金supported in part by the NARI Group Corporation Science and Technology project“Research on Coordinated Development of Carbon Emission Reduction and Carbon Sink Enhancement”。
文摘The nuclear event risk(NER)is an important and disputed factor that should be reasonably considered when planning the pathway of nuclear power development(NPD)to assess the benefits and risks of developing nuclear power more objectively.This paper aims to explore the impact of nuclear events on NPD pathway planning.The influence of nuclear events is quantified as a monetary risk component,and an optimization model that incorporates the NER in the objective function is proposed.To optimize the pathway of NPD in the lowcarbon transition course of power supply structure evolution,a simulation model is built to deduce alternative NPD pathways and corresponding power supply evolution scenarios under the constraint of an exogenously assigned carbon emission pathway(CEP);moreover,a method is proposed to describe the CEP by superimposing the maximum carbon emission space and each carbon emission reduction(CER)component,and various CER components are clustered considering the emission reduction characteristics and resource endowments of different power generation technologies.A case study is conducted to explore the impact of NER and its risk valuation uncertainty on NPD pathway planning.The method presented in this paper allows the impact of nuclear events on NPD pathway planning to be quantified and improves the level of coordinated optimization of benefits and risks.
文摘报告1例青少年起病的成人型糖尿病(maturity-onset diabetes of the young,MODY)3型(MODY3)合并5型(MODY5)患者的临床特征、诊断及治疗,并复习相关文献。利用MODY(1~14型)基因外显子二代测序和Sanger测序验证MODY患者及其母亲,结合临床表型及基因检测结果,该患者诊断为MODY3合并MODY5,给予胰岛素及利格列汀治疗,观察血糖变化。临床医师应提高对MODY临床表型的认识,对于合并先天性胰腺和肾脏发育不全、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高,无自发酮症、胰岛素分泌缺陷,胰岛自身抗体阴性,无明显胰岛素抵抗,非肥胖的青少年糖尿病患者应行基因检测以筛查MODY,精准诊断并予以个体化治疗将有助于血糖水平达标及改善生活质量,并指导优化生育。
文摘The current status and development history of domestic and abroad research reactors (RRs) are mentioned.The representative RRs and their respective technology characteristics are introduced.The utilizations of China's RRs,mainly included as nuclear engineering technology,basic research applications of nuclear technology,teaching and personnel training,are explained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31961123002,31922013,32111530116,and 32100382)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020JQ13)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701993)the King Saud University,Saudi Arabia(Project No.RSP2022R7).
文摘Ciliated protists are ideal material for studying the origin and evolution of sex,because of their nuclear dimorphism(containing both germline micronucleus and somatic macronucleus in the same cytoplasm),special sexual processes(conjugation and autogamy),and high diversity of mating-type systems.However,the study of sexual process is limited to only a few species,due to the difficulties in inducing or observing conjugation.In the present study,we investigate the conjugation process in Paramecium multimicronucleatum:(1)of the three prezygotic divisions,all micronuclei undergo the first two divisions(meiosis I,II),while a variable number of nuclei undergo the third division(mitosis);(2)the synkaryon divides three times after fertilization,giving rise to eight products that differentiate into four macronuclear anlagen and four micronuclei;(3)cells restore the vegetative stage after two successive cell fissions during which the macronuclear anlagen are distributed into daughter cells without division,while micronuclei divide mitotically;(4)the parental macronucleus begins to fragment following the first meiotic division and finally degenerates completely;(5)the entire process takes about 110 h,of which about 85 h are required for macronuclear development.In addition,we describe for the first time the process of genomic exclusion occurring between amicronucleate and micronucleate cells of P.multimicronucleatum,during which the micronucleate cell contributes a pronucleus to the amicronucleate cell,resulting in both exconjugants being homozygotes.These results provide new insights into the diversity of sexual processes and lay an important cytological basis for future in-depth studies of mating systems in ciliates.
