Semaphorin 7A impairs barrier function in cultured human corneal epithelial cells in a manner dependent on nuclear factor-kappa B

●AIM:To evaluate the role of semaphorin 7A(Sema7A)and its associated regulatory mechanisms in modulating the barrier function of cultured human corneal epithelial cells(HCEs).●METHODS:Barrier models of HCEs were treated with recombinant human Sema7A at concentrations of 0,125,250,or 500 ng/mL for 24,48,or 72h in vitro.Transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as well as Dextran-fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)permeability assays were conducted to assess barrier function.To quantify tight junctions(TJs)such as occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)at the mRNA level,reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis was performed.Immunoblotting was used to examine the activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and the production of TJs proteins.Immunofluorescence analyses were employed to localize the TJs.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and RT-PCR were utilized to observe changes in interleukin(IL)-1βlevels.To investigate the role of NF-κB signaling activation and IL^(-1)βin Sema7A’s anti-barrier mechanism,we employed 0.1μmol/L IκB kinase 2(IKK2)inhibitor IV or 500 ng/mL IL^(-1)receptor(IL-1R)antagonist.●RESULTS:Treatment with Sema7A resulted in decreased TEER and increased permeability of Dextran-FITC in HCEs through down-regulating mRNA and protein levels of TJs in a time-and dose-dependent manner,as well as altering the localization of TJs.Furthermore,Sema7A stimulated the activation of inhibitor of kappa B alpha(IκBα)and expression of IL-1β.The anti-barrier function of Sema7A was significantly suppressed by treatment with IKK2 inhibitor IV or IL-1R antagonists.●CONCLUSION:Sema7A disrupts barrier function through its influence on NF-κB-mediated expression of TJ proteins,as well as the expression of IL-1β.These findings suggest that Sema7A could be a potential therapeutic target for the diseases in corneal epithelium.

Silencing of Jumonji domain-containing 1C inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via nuclear factor-κB signaling

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts,resulting in bone loss.Jumonji domain-containing 1C(JMJD1C)has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.AIM To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.METHODS BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues.Oil Red O staining,Alizarin red staining,alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipo-genic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differen-tiation of BMSCs.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaΒligand to induce osteoclast differentiation,and osteoclast differen-tiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.RESULTS The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated.JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction,while p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered.Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs.Moreover,JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.CONCLUSION The JMJD1C/NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Are TrkB receptor agonists the right tool to fulfill the promises for a therapeutic value of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor?

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling via its receptor tro pomyosin receptor kinase B regulates several crucial physiological processes.It has been shown to act in the brain,promoting neuronal survival,growth,and plasticity as well as in the rest of the body where it is involved in regulating for instance aspects of the metabolism.Due to its crucial and very pleiotro pic activity,reduction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and alterations in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling have been found to be associated with a wide spectrum of neurological diseases.Howeve r,because of its poor bioavailability and pharmacological properties,brain-derived neurotrophic factor itself has a very low therapeutic value.Moreover,the concomitant binding of exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor to the p75 neurotrophin receptor has the potential to elicit several unwanted and deleterious side effects.Therefo re,developing tools and approaches to specifically promote tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling has become an important goal of translational research.Among the newly developed tools are different categories of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist molecules.In this review,we give a comprehensive description of the diffe rent tro pomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist drugs developed so far and of the res ults of their application in animal models of several neurological diseases.Moreover,we discuss the main benefits of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonists,concentrating especially on the new tropomyosin receptor kinase B agonist antibodies.The benefits observed both in vitro and in vivo upon application of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist drugs seem to predominantly depend on their general neuroprotective activity and their ability to promote neuronal plasticity.Moreover,tro pomyosin receptor kinase B agonist antibodies have been shown to specifically bind the tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor and not p75 neurotrophin receptor.Therefore,while,based on the current knowledge,the tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonists do not seem to have the potential to reve rse the disease pathology per se,promoting brainderived neurotrophic factor/tro pomyosin receptor kinase B signaling still has a very high therapeutic relevance.

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Cameroon. Garoua city is the headquarters of the North Region of Cameroon, where the HBV prevalence is among the highest of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg carriage and associated factors among persons incarcerated in the Garoua Central Prison. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2023 at the Garoua Central prison. We included all prisoners willing to participate in the study and who gave their verbal consent. We collected data using a pre-established data entry form and we used rapid test for blood screening for HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) with ELISA confirmation. Data were analyzed using the R® software for Windows. After the univariate analysis, we selected associated variables to HBV infection with p-value p-value was set at 5%. Results: We included 1389 prisoners out of which 97.6% were male. The median age (IQR) of the study population was 28 (23 - 35) years. The median (IQR) duration of incarceration was 12 (6 - 26) months and the mean (±sd) number of incarcerations was 1.24 (±0.6). HBV prevalence was estimated at 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0 - 16.7). Upon uni- and multivariate analysis, no risk factor was significantly associated with viral hepatitis B infection in our study population. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B was high in the Garoua Central Prison, but there were no additional risk factors for HBV infection. There is a need to include the Garoua Central Prison and by the way other prisons in the country in the chronic viral hepatitis care program.

Factors Associated with Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. But kidney abnormalities are the main concern using this drug. Few studies have described the renal impairment due to the TFV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective was to evaluate factors associated with renal impairment observed in patients on TFV for CHB. Method: It was a hospital based cross sectional prospective study carried out from June 2023 to July 2023 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and included any patient treated with TFV for CHB during at least a period of 6 months. For each participant, we collected in the medical report socio-demographic data, clinical data, baseline creatinine, treatment information (type of TFV which was Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) or Alafenamide (TAF), duration). Then, we collected blood samples to measure serum creatinine and phosphate levels and urine dipstick analysis. Factors associated with renal impairment were assessed with the Odds Ratio. A p value of Results: A total of 60 participants were included. The median age was 44 years [36-55] and median duration of TFV therapy was 17.5 months [11.7-25.7]. The prevalence of reduced eGFR (Conclusion: Kidney function was impaired in some patients receiving TFV for CHB. It should be monitored, particularly after 36 months and for those receiving TDF prodrug.

Prospective study of hepatitis B and D epidemiology and risk factors in Romania:A 10-year update

BACKGROUND The global burden of hepatitis D virus(HDV)infection represents a major medical challenge and a public health crisis worldwide.However,there is a lack of accurate data on the epidemiology and risk factors for HDV.Hepatitis B virus(HBV)and HDV coinfection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis,leading to a higher cumulative incidence of liver-related events compared with HBV monoinfection,including the need for liver transplantation and death.AIM To investigate the epidemiology,natural history,risk factors and clinical management of HBV and HDV coinfection in Romanian patients.METHODS This prospective study was conducted between January and July 2022 in six tertiary gastroenterology and hepatology referral centres in Romania.All consecutive adults admitted for any gastroenterology diagnosis who were HBV-positive were enrolled.Patients with acute hepatitis or incomplete data were excluded.Of the 25390 individuals who presented with any type of gastroenterology diagnosis during the study period,963 met the inclusion criteria.Testing for anti-HDV antibodies and HDV RNA was performed for all participants.Demographic and risk factor data were collected by investigators using medical charts and patient questionnaires.All data were stored in an anonymized online database during the study.RESULTS The prevalence of HBV was 3.8%;among these patients,the prevalence of HBV/HDV coinfection was 33.1%.The median age of the study population was 54.0 years,and it consisted of 55.1%men.A higher prevalence of HBV/HDV coinfection was observed in patients 50–69 years old.Patients with HBV/HDV coinfection were significantly older than those with HBV monoinfection(P=0.03).Multivariate multiple regression analysis identified female gender(P=0.0006),imprisonment(P<0.0001),older age at diagnosis(P=0.01)and sexual contact with persons with known viral hepatitis(P=0.0003)as significant risk factors for HDV.CONCLUSION This study shows that HDV infection among those with HBV remains endemic in Romania and updates our understanding of HDV epidemiology and associated risk factors.It emphasizes the need for systematic screening for HDV infection and collaborative initiatives for controlling and preventing HBV and HDV infection.

Evaluation of combined detection of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and glutathione peroxidase 4 in primary hepatic carcinoma and preliminary exploration of pathogenesis

This study aims to analyze the clinical significance and mechanism of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)in primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC).Methods:The expression of NRF2 and GPX4 in peripheral blood of patients with PHC was determined to analyze the diagnostic value of the two combined for PHC.The prognostic significance of NRF2 and GPX4 was evaluated by 3-year followup.Human liver epithelial cells THLE-2 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 were purchased,and the expression of NRF2 and GPX4 in the cells was determined.NRF2 and GPX4 aberrant expression vectors were constructed and transfected into HepG2,and changes in cell proliferation and invasion capabilities were observed.Results:The expression of NRF2 and GPX4 in patients with PHC was higher than that in patients with LC or VH(p<0.05),and the two indicators combined was excellent in diagnosing PHC.Moreover,patients with high expression of NRF2 and GPX4 had a higher risk of death(p<0.05).In in vitro experiments,both NRF2 and GPX4 expression was elevated in HepG2(p<0.05).HepG2 activity was enhanced by increasing the expression of the two,vice versa(p<0.05).Conclusion:NRF2 and GPX4 combined is excellent in diagnosing PHC,and promotes the malignant development of PHC.

白细胞介素6与核因子κB对胰腺癌的诊断价值及其与临床病理分期的关系研究

目的探究白细胞介素6(IL-6)、核因子κB(NF-κB)对胰腺癌的诊断价值及其与胰腺癌临床病理分期的关系。方法收集2019年6月至2022年6月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的68例胰腺癌患者作为病例组,60例同期于本院门诊健康体检者作为对照组。检测2组受试者血清中IL-6、NF-κB的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析IL-6、NF-κB表达对胰腺癌诊断的价值;比较不同临床病理分期患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平的表达差异。结果病例组患者血清IL-6和NF-κB水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[IL-6:16.33(8.41,67.41)ng/L比6.15(5.55,7.33)ng/L,Z=6.109,P<0.001;NF-κB:449.52(230.37,568.28)ng/L比150.35(126.48,167.30)ng/L,Z=5.463,P<0.001]。IL-6、NF-κB诊断胰腺癌ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.813±0.041、0.920±0.024,联合检测的AUC为0.923±0.024。T_(3)、T_(4)期胰腺癌患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平与T_(1)、T_(2)期患者比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。血清IL-6、NF-κB水平随着淋巴结转移程度(N_(0)~N_(2))的增高而增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),且N_(1)、N_(2)期胰腺癌患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平与N_(0)期患者相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。远处转移胰腺癌患者(M_(1))的血清IL-6、NF-κB水平高于未远处转移的患者(M_(0)),差异有统计学意义(P=0.024)。结论血清IL-6、NF-κB可以作为胰腺癌早期诊断、临床病理分期的血清学标志物,其可能与胰腺癌的发生、发展密切相关。

PCNA、Bcl-2及EGFR在喉癌组织中的表达及与临床病理特征、生存的关系

目的探讨增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)及表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在喉癌组织中的表达及与临床病理特征、生存的关系。方法选取2017年3月—2020年1月在苏州大学附属第一医院因喉癌行手术治疗的92例患者的喉癌组织及对应癌旁组织标本。检测癌组织与癌旁组织PCNA mRNA、Bcl-2mRNA、EGFR mRNA相对表达量,多元线性回归分析其癌组织表达与临床病理特征的关系。随访3年,采用Kaplain-Maier曲线分析不同PCNA、Bcl-2、EGFR表达水平患者生存情况差异。结果癌组织PCNA mRNA、Bcl-2 mRNA、EGFR mRNA相对表达量高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。不同年龄、肿瘤部位患者PCNA mRNA、Bcl-2 mRNA、EGFR mRNA相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低分化,临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期及淋巴结转移患者PCNA mRNA、Bcl-2 mRNA、EGFR mRNA相对表达量分别高于中、高分化,临床分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ期,无淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,肿瘤分化程度、临床分期、淋巴结转移是喉癌组织PCNA mRNA、Bcl-2 mRNA、EGFR mRNA表达的影响因素。Kaplain-Maier曲线分析结果显示,PCNA mRNA高表达患者3年无进展生存率、总生存率分别为59.57%和70.21%,低于低表达患者的80.00%和88.89%(P<0.05);Bcl-2 mRNA高表达患者3年无进展生存率、总生存率分别为60.78%和70.59%,低于低表达患者的80.49%和90.24%(P<0.05);EGFR mRNA高表达患者3年无进展生存率、总生存率分别为59.09%和70.45%,低于低表达患者的79.17%、87.50%(P<0.05)。结论喉癌组织PCNA、Bcl-2、EGFR呈高表达,且其高表达状态与肿瘤分期高、分化程度低、淋巴结转移有关,PCNA、Bcl-2、EGFR表达水平可在一定程度上反映患者预后。

五味子乙素通过TLR4/NF-κB信号通路对急性胰腺炎大鼠肺部损伤的影响

目的:探讨五味子乙素通过Toll样受体4(TLR4)/核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路对急性胰腺炎(AP)大鼠肺部损伤的影响。方法:取SD大鼠,通过胆胰管内逆行注射5%牛磺胆酸钠方法诱导建立AP肺损伤模型,经随机数表法分为模型组、五味子乙素组、TLR4过表达载体组、TLR4空载组、五味子乙素+TLR4过表达载体组,每组12只大鼠,再取12只SD大鼠仅翻动肠管不注射5%牛磺胆酸钠,作为假手术组。以药物分别干预大鼠后,检测各组大鼠肺功能及各组大鼠腹水量与肺组织湿重/干重(W/D);HE染色检测各组大鼠肺组织病理形态并评分;检测各组大鼠动脉血气;全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清淀粉酶,ELISA检测炎症细胞因子IL-6、IL-18水平;蛋白免疫印迹法检测肺组织TLR4/NF-κB通路蛋白表达;免疫组织化学染色检测肺组织TLR4蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠肺组织出现病理损伤改变,模型组大鼠MV、PEF、PaO_(2)、OI显著降低(P<0.05),Ri、腹水量与W/D、PaCO_(2)、Holfbauer评分、血清淀粉酶、IL-6与IL-18水平、肺组织TLR4阳性细胞比例、TLR4与MYD88蛋白表达、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组、五味子乙素+TLR4过表达载体组分别相比,五味子乙素组大鼠肺组织病理损伤改变程度均减轻,MV、PEF、PaO_(2)、OI均升高(P<0.05),Ri、腹水量与W/D、PaCO_(2)、Holfbauer评分、血清淀粉酶、IL-6与IL-18水平、肺组织TLR4阳性细胞比例、TLR4与MYD88蛋白表达、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65水平均降低(P<0.05);TLR4过表达载体组大鼠肺组织病理损伤改变程度均加重,MV、PEF、PaO_(2)、OI均降低(P<0.05),Ri、腹水量与W/D、PaCO_(2)、Holfbauer评分、血清淀粉酶、IL-6与IL-18水平、肺组织TLR4阳性细胞比例、TLR4与MYD88蛋白表达、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65水平均升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,TLR4空载组大鼠各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:五味子乙素可通过下调TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,抑制炎症,减轻AP大鼠肺部损伤,修复肺功能。

创伤性脑损伤患者血清AQP4和NF-κB p65表达与神经功能缺损程度及预后的关系

目的探讨创伤性脑损伤(TBI)患者血清水通道蛋白4(AQP4)和核因子κB(NF-κB p65)表达与神经功能缺损程度及预后的关系。方法选取2021年3月至2023年3月于河南科技大学第一附属医院开元急诊科收治的128例TBI患者作为研究对象(观察组),根据美国国立卫生院神经缺损评估量表(NIHSS)将患者分为重度组31例、中度组45例和轻度组52例;根据格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)评分将患者分为预后不良组37例和预后良好组91例。另选取同期于本院体检的128例健康志愿者作为对照组。比较各组受检者的一般资料及血清AQP4和NF-κB p65水平,采用Spearman法分析血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平与NIHSS评分的相关性,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清AQP4、NF-κB p65对TBI患者预后不良的预测价值。结果观察组患者的血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平分别为(27.37±6.34)μg/L、(2.27±0.24)ng/mL,明显高于对照组的(12.65±3.21)μg/L、(0.36±0.11)ng/mL,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,TBI患者血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平与NIHSS评分均呈正相关(r=0.605、0.612,P<0.05)。入院24 h血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平比较,重度组>中度组>轻度组,48 h、72 h有同样的趋势,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。预后不良组患者的血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平分别为(34.65±7.51)μg/L、(2.71±0.40)ng/mL,明显高于预后良好组的(24.41±6.48)μg/L、(2.09±0.22)ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清AQP4、NF-κB p65两者联合预测TBI患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.938,高于各单一指标的0.873、0.830,联合预测的敏感度为91.89%,特异度为85.71%,两者联合优于血清AQP4、NF-κB p65各自单独预测(Z两者联合-AQP4=2.564、Z两者联合-NF-κB p65=2.555,P=0.010、0.011)。结论TBI患者血清AQP4、NF-κB p65水平上升与神经功能缺损程度和不良预后有关,可作为预测预后的潜在标志物。

分数[a,b]-因子的紧孤立韧度条件

本文研究了分数[a,b]-因子和孤立韧度相关性的问题.利用子图分解的方法,获得了一个图存在分数[a,b]-因子的孤立韧度条件,通过反例说明该条件是紧的.改进了原有对分数[a,b]-因子的孤立韧度界.

黄芪阳和汤调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路促进糖尿病足溃疡大鼠创面愈合

目的基于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路探究黄芪阳和汤对糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)大鼠创面愈合的影响。方法构建DFU大鼠模型,将建模成功的48只大鼠随机分为模型组,黄芪阳和汤低(8.5 g/kg)、高(17 g/kg)剂量组,黄芪阳和汤高剂量(17 g/kg)+LY294002(PI3K/AKT通路抑制剂,0.3 mg/kg)组;每组12只;另取12只大鼠为对照组。各组大鼠给予对应药物干预,连续4周。第14、28天给药后,观察大鼠一般状态及创面变化,计算创面愈合率,检测大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)水平和大鼠创面周围组织经皮氧分压(TcpO2);酶联免疫吸附试验检测大鼠血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6水平;苏木素-伊红染色观察大鼠创面组织病理学变化;免疫组织化学染色测定大鼠创面组织微血管密度;蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠创面组织中PI3K、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、AKT、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)、NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、NF-κB抑制蛋白α(IκB-α)蛋白表达。结果对照组大鼠毛色光滑,饮食、饮水、排泄均正常,较活跃,创面愈合快,创面组织炎症反应较轻,新生血管较多,肉芽组织中成纤维细胞及胶原基质丰富;模型组大鼠毛色暗淡无光泽,活动减少,且出现多饮、多食、多尿症状,创面颜色较深,且周围组织出现水肿、溃疡,创面组织可见大量炎性细胞浸润,伴组织坏死、渗出,新生血管及成纤维细胞较少,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平降低,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,黄芪阳和汤低、高剂量组大鼠状态逐渐改善,创面组织病变程度依次减轻,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平依次升高,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达依次降低(P<0.05);LY294002能部分逆转高剂量黄芪阳和汤对DFU大鼠的治疗作用(P<0.05)。结论黄芪阳和汤能调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路,抑制DFU大鼠炎症反应,促进血管新生,从而促进创面愈合。

(+)-丁香树脂酚通过NF-κB信号调节三阴性乳腺癌细胞生长和转移的实验研究

目的:探讨(+)-丁香树脂酚[(+)-Syringaresinol]对三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)细胞生长和转移的影响,分析其对核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号的影响。方法:根据(+)-丁香树脂酚处理浓度将MDA-MB-231细胞分为0μM组、2μM组、4μM组、8μM组、16μM组、32μM组、64μM组和128μM组。使用相应浓度的(+)-丁香树脂酚孵育各组MDA-MB-231细胞48 h。MTT法检测细胞增殖及(+)-丁香树脂酚半抑制浓度(IC50)值。Annexin V-FITC/PI试剂盒检测细胞凋亡。Transwell检测细胞迁移和侵袭。qRT-PCR检测Bax、Bcl-2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9、E-cadherin、N-cadherin和Vimentin mRNA相对表达量。Western blot检测NF-κB p65磷酸化水平。结果:与0μM组相比,2~128μM组的MDA-MB-231细胞的生长抑制率升高(P<0.05)。(+)-丁香树脂酚对MDA-MB-231细胞的IC50值为25.24μmol/L。与0μM组相比,2~128μM组的MDA-MB-231细胞的凋亡率升高,Bax mRNA相对表达量升高,Bcl-2 mRNA相对表达量降低,迁移和侵袭数量降低,MMP-2和MMP-9的mRNA相对表达量降低,E-cadherin mRNA相对表达量升高,N-cadherin和Vimentin的mRNA相对表达量降低,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65蛋白相对表达量降低(P<0.05)。结论:(+)-丁香树脂酚抑制了TNBC细胞的生长和转移并呈浓度依赖性,(+)-丁香树脂酚的抗TNBC作用可能与抑制NF-κB信号通路的活化有关。

姜黄素抑制NF-κB信号通路缓解氧化应激对成骨分化的损害发挥抗骨质疏松作用

目的 探讨姜黄素抑制氧化应激对成骨分化损害的机制及以剂量依赖的方式发挥抗骨质疏松的作用。方法 采用细胞氧化应激模型,加入不同浓度的姜黄素,测定骨形成指标,并检测参与的潜在信号通路。同时,用姜黄素处理小鼠去卵巢(ovariectomized, OVX)骨质疏松动物模型来证实其抗骨质疏松的作用。结果 体外实验发现,低浓度姜黄素(1~10μmol·L^(-1))促进成骨细胞增殖,提高骨形成碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)活性,逆转氧化应激导致的成骨钙沉积下降,降低了核因子kappa-B配体的受体激动剂(RANKL)和白介素-6 (IL-6)的表达。体内实验结果显示,姜黄素(5 mg·kg^(-1))给药后部分逆转了OVX小鼠血液中丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)和谷胱甘肽(glutathione, GSH)活性的比例、降低高骨代谢、增加骨密度(bone density, BMD)、改善了骨小梁的微结构,但高浓度姜黄素无氧化应激保护作用。结论 姜黄素可以减轻氧化应激的骨形成损害,NF-κB信号通路是主要参与通路,姜黄素可能是预防骨质疏松症的理想药物。

HMGB1基因敲除通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路减轻脓毒症小鼠急性肺损伤

目的 研究高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)基因敲除减轻脓毒症小鼠急性肺损伤及抑制Toll样受体4(TLR4)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)通路的作用。方法 野生型(WT)小鼠分为WT-Sham组和WT-模型组,HMGB1基因敲除(KO)小鼠分为KO-Sham组和KO-模型组。WT-模型组和KO-模型组采用盲肠结扎穿孔术制备脓毒症ALI模型,WT-Sham组和KO-Sham组进行假手术操作。造模后24 h,检测动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2)),计算氧合指数(OI),检测肺组织病理改变,计算肺损伤评分,检测血清及肺组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、活性氧簇(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的浓度,肺组织中HMGB1、TLR4、核NF-κB的表达。结果 WT-模型组的PaO_(2)、OI、血清及肺组织SOD的浓度低于WT-Sham组,肺损伤评分、血清及肺组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、ROS、MDA的浓度、肺组织中HMGB1、TLR4、核NF-κB的表达水平高于WT-Sham组(P<0.05);KO-模型组肺组织中不表达HMGB1,PaO_(2)、OI、血清及肺组织SOD的浓度高于WT-模型组,肺损伤评分、血清及肺组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、ROS、MDA的浓度、肺组织中TLR4、核NF-κB的表达水平低于WT-模型组(P<0.05)。结论敲除HMGB1减轻脓毒症小鼠ALI,相关的分子机制可能是抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路介导的炎症反应和氧化应激反应。

两性霉素B脂质体治疗侵袭性真菌感染病人发生急性肾损伤危险因素分析

目的研究两性霉素B脂质体(L-AMB)治疗侵袭性真菌感染病人发生急性肾损伤(AKI)的危险因素。方法回顾性分析南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院2018年1月至2021年12月61例两性霉素B脂质体治疗侵袭性真菌感染病人的临床资料,根据是否发生两性霉素B脂质体相关AKI分为AKI组23例(37.7%),非AKI组38例(62.3%)。采用单因素分析法比较两组临床资料,logistic回归分析两性霉素B脂质体(L-AMB)治疗侵袭性真菌感染病人发生AKI的危险因素,应用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价L-AMB使用累积剂量及治疗前血清钾水平在诊断AKI方面的能力。结果有23例病人在使用L-AMB治疗过程中发生AKI,AKI发生率为37.7%。L-AMB疗程、累积剂量、日剂量,L-AMB治疗前血钾水平在AKI及非AKI两组病人比较中均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);累积剂量是发生L-AMB相关AKI的独立危险因素[OR=1.46,95%CI:(1.08,1.98),P=0.014];在L-AMB治疗前低血钾水平是发生L-AMB相关AKI的另一个独立危险因素[OR=0.05,95%CI:(0.01,0.43),P=0.007]。累积剂量和治疗前血钾水平曲线下面积(AUC)及其95%CI分别为0.88(0.79,0.98)、0.88(0.79,0.96),灵敏度分别为86.9%、81.5%,特异度分别为89.4%、86.9%。结论L-AMB累积剂量及治疗前低血钾水平均是L-AMB相关AKI的独立危险因素,两者在L-AMB相关AKI的诊断中均有一定的预测价值,而且累积剂量的诊断价值大于治疗前低血钾水平。

单核细胞Toll样受体和核因子-κB水平与2型糖尿病患者自主神经病变的相关性

目的探讨单核细胞中Toll样受体(TLR)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)表达水平与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者自主神经病变的相关性。方法选择2021年4月至2022年12月濮阳市人民医院收治的112例T2DM患者为观察组,另选择同期在本院进行体检的50例健康志愿者为对照组。采用反转录聚合酶链反应检测2组受试者血浆单核细胞中TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB表达水平。根据是否并发有自主神经病变将观察组患者分为自主神经病变组(n=46)和无自主神经病变组(n=66),比较2组患者的临床资料,将差异有统计学意义的指标进一步行多因素logistic回归来分析T2DM患者发生自主神经病变的危险因素;采用Spearman相关分析TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB表达水平与T2DM患者发生自主神经病变的相关性。结果观察组患者单核细胞中TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,自主神经病变组与无自主神经病变组患者的年龄、单核细胞/高密度脂蛋白比值(MHR)及胱抑素C、TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,MHR、TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB是T2DM患者发生自主神经病变的危险因素(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB水平与T2DM患者发生自主神经病变呈正相关(r=0.825、0.822、0.819,P<0.05)。结论TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB在T2DM患者中表达上调,TLR2、TLR4、NF-κB表达水平与T2DM患者自主神经病变有关。

CT检查对于预测B型主动脉壁间血肿患者预后的意义

目的探讨CT检查预测B型主动脉壁间血肿患者预后的意义。方法回顾性分析河南省胸科医院2016年1月至2022年4月收治201例B型主动脉壁间血肿患者临床资料,根据是否发生终点事件分为预后良好组(179例)和预后不良组(22例)。比较预后良好组与预后不良组临床资料及实验室检查指标,分析影响患者预后的危险因素,Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析。结果预后不良组心包积液比例、主动脉最大径和最大血肿厚度均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心包积液、主动脉最大径和最大血肿厚度均是患者预后不良的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Log-rank检验显示,无心包积液、主动脉最大径<34 mm、最大血肿厚度<8 mm患者生存时间显著高于有心包积液、主动脉最大径≥34 mm、最大血肿厚度≥8 mm患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心包积液、主动脉最大径和最大血肿厚度可较好预测B型主动脉壁间血肿进展及预后。

血清转化生长因子β1、白细胞介素-6、Toll样受体-4、核转录因子κB联合评估非小细胞肺癌放射性肺炎病情严重程度的价值

目的探讨血清转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、Toll样受体-4(TLR-4)和核转录因子κB(NF-κB)联合评估非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)放射性肺炎(RP)病情严重程度的价值。方法选取104例NSCLC放疗后继发RP患者作为研究组,另选取52例NSCLC放疗后未继发RP患者作为对照组。比较2组患者放疗前后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平。比较研究组不同程度RP患者放疗前后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平,分析各血清指标单独及联合评估NSCLC放疗后RP病情程度的价值。结果放疗结束后,研究组患者血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗结束后,随着RP病情程度的增加,研究组患者血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平呈升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,放疗结束后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平评估1级RP的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.787、0.718、0.783、0.801,评估≥2级RP的AUC分别为0.729、0.740、0.793、0.825;血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB阳性表达患者发生≥2级RP的风险分别是阴性表达患者的2.473、2.275、2.610、5.267倍(P<0.05);血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB联合评估≥2级RP的AUC为0.939,敏感度为76.00%,特异度为97.47%。结论NSCLC患者放疗结束后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平均与RP病情严重程度呈正相关,四者联合评估≥2级RP的价值显著,可为临床控制RP病情提供参考依据。