BACKGROUND： The majority of mammalian genomes have been found to be transcribed into non-coding RNAs. One category of non-coding RNAs is classified as long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） based on their transcript sizes ...BACKGROUND： The majority of mammalian genomes have been found to be transcribed into non-coding RNAs. One category of non-coding RNAs is classified as long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） based on their transcript sizes larger than 200 nucleotides. Growing evidence has shown that lncRNAs are not junk transcripts and play regulatory roles in multiple aspects of biological processes. Dysregulation of lncRNA expression has also been linked to diseases, in particular cancer. Therefore, studies of lncRNAs have attracted significant interest in the field of medical research. Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 （NEAT1）, a nuclear lncRNA, has recently emerged as a key regulator involved in various cellular processes, physiological responses, developmental processes, and disease development and progression. OBJECTIVE： This review will summarize and discuss the most recent findings with regard to the roles of NEAT1 in the function of the nuclear paraspeckle, cellular pathways, and physiological responses and processes. Particularly, the most recently reported studies regarding the pathological roles of deregulated NEAT1 in cancer are highlighted in this review. METHODS： We performed a systematic literature search using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published over the past 8 years （between January 2009 and August 2016） were the sources of literature review. The following keywords were used： ＂Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1,＂ ＂NEATI,＂ and ＂paraspeckles.＂ RESULTS： The Pubmed search identified 34 articles related to the topic of the review. Among the identified literature, 13 articles report findings related to cellular functions of NEAT1 and eight articles are the investigations of physiological functions of NEAT1. The remaining 13 articles are studies of the roles of NEAT1 in cancers. CONCLUSION： Recent advances in NEAT1 studies reveal the multifimctional roles of NEAT1 in various biological processes, which are beyond its role in nuclear paraspeckles. Recent studies also indicate that dysregulation of NEAT1 function contributes to the development and progression of various cancers. More investigations will be needed to address the detailed mechanisms regarding how NEAT1 executes its cellular and physiological functions and how NEAT1 dysregulation results in tumorigenesis, and to explore the potential of NEAT1 as a target in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.展开更多
文摘目的探究长链非编码RNA核富集转录体1(long non-coding RNA paraspeckle assembly transcript 1,LncRNA-NEAT1)和微小RNA(micro RNA,miR)-93-5p在急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction,ACI)患者血清中的表达情况及临床意义。方法选取2020年1月~2022年2月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的84例急性脑梗死患者作为脑梗死组,收集其临床资料,根据梗死病灶面积分为小面积梗死组、中面积梗死组和大面积梗死组;根据神经功能缺损程度分为轻度组、中度组和重度组;根据预后结局分为生存组和死亡组;同期健康体检者84例为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清LncRNA-NEAT1和miR-93-5p表达水平;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清LncRNANEAT1和miR-93-5p表达水平对急性脑梗死患者预后的预测效能。结果与对照组相比,脑梗死组血清LncRNANEAT1(2.46±0.38 vs 1.01±0.20)表达水平显著升高,miR-93-5p(0.42±0.16 vs 1.02±0.22)表达水平显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=30.948,33.796,均P<0.05)。血清LncRNA-NEAT1表达水平随梗死病灶面积(2.21±0.36,2.45±0.39,2.75±0.45)和神经功能缺损程度(2.24±0.34,2.46±0.40,2.70±0.45)增加而升高(F=11.434,8.674,均P<0.05),miR-93-5p表达水平(0.68±0.20,0.43±0.17,0.12±0.04)随梗死病灶面积和神经功能缺损程度(0.63±0.19,0.41±0.16,0.21±0.08)增加而降低,差异具有统计学意义(F=79.777,49.316,均P<0.05)。与生存组相比,死亡组血清LncRNA-NEAT1(2.78±0.43 vs 2.39±0.40)表达水平显著升高,miR-93-5p(0.28±0.09 vs 0.45±0.18)表达水平显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.378,3.550,均P<0.05)。血清LncRNA-NEAT1,miR-93-5p单独及联合预测急性脑梗死患者死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.733(95%CI:0.591~0.876),0.784(95%CI:0.669~0.898)和0.849(95%CI:0.752~0.946),敏感度分别为53.3%,73.3%和86.7%,特异度分别为76.8%,75.4%和73.9%。结论LncRNANEAT1与miR-93-5p联合检测对急性脑梗死有一定预后预测价值。
文摘BACKGROUND： The majority of mammalian genomes have been found to be transcribed into non-coding RNAs. One category of non-coding RNAs is classified as long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） based on their transcript sizes larger than 200 nucleotides. Growing evidence has shown that lncRNAs are not junk transcripts and play regulatory roles in multiple aspects of biological processes. Dysregulation of lncRNA expression has also been linked to diseases, in particular cancer. Therefore, studies of lncRNAs have attracted significant interest in the field of medical research. Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 （NEAT1）, a nuclear lncRNA, has recently emerged as a key regulator involved in various cellular processes, physiological responses, developmental processes, and disease development and progression. OBJECTIVE： This review will summarize and discuss the most recent findings with regard to the roles of NEAT1 in the function of the nuclear paraspeckle, cellular pathways, and physiological responses and processes. Particularly, the most recently reported studies regarding the pathological roles of deregulated NEAT1 in cancer are highlighted in this review. METHODS： We performed a systematic literature search using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published over the past 8 years （between January 2009 and August 2016） were the sources of literature review. The following keywords were used： ＂Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1,＂ ＂NEATI,＂ and ＂paraspeckles.＂ RESULTS： The Pubmed search identified 34 articles related to the topic of the review. Among the identified literature, 13 articles report findings related to cellular functions of NEAT1 and eight articles are the investigations of physiological functions of NEAT1. The remaining 13 articles are studies of the roles of NEAT1 in cancers. CONCLUSION： Recent advances in NEAT1 studies reveal the multifimctional roles of NEAT1 in various biological processes, which are beyond its role in nuclear paraspeckles. Recent studies also indicate that dysregulation of NEAT1 function contributes to the development and progression of various cancers. More investigations will be needed to address the detailed mechanisms regarding how NEAT1 executes its cellular and physiological functions and how NEAT1 dysregulation results in tumorigenesis, and to explore the potential of NEAT1 as a target in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.
