Nuclear physics,whose underling theory is described by quantum gauge field coupled with matter,is fundamentally important and yet is formidably challenge for simulation with classical computers.Quantum computing provi...Nuclear physics,whose underling theory is described by quantum gauge field coupled with matter,is fundamentally important and yet is formidably challenge for simulation with classical computers.Quantum computing provides a perhaps transformative approach for studying and understanding nuclear physics.With rapid scaling-up of quantum processors as well as advances on quantum algorithms,the digital quantum simulation approach for simulating quantum gauge fields and nuclear physics has gained lots of attention.In this review,we aim to summarize recent efforts on solving nuclear physics with quantum computers.We first discuss a formulation of nuclear physics in the language of quantum computing.In particular,we review how quantum gauge fields(both Abelian and non-Abelian)and their coupling to matter field can be mapped and studied on a quantum computer.We then introduce related quantum algorithms for solving static properties and real-time evolution for quantum systems,and show their applications for a broad range of problems in nuclear physics,including simulation of lattice gauge field,solving nucleon and nuclear structures,quantum advantage for simulating scattering in quantum field theory,non-equilibrium dynamics,and so on.Finally,a short outlook on future work is given.展开更多
After graduating from the physics department of Qinghua University in 1952, I started working in the development of nuclear detectors (including cloud chambers and scintillometers) under the instruction of Profs. Yang...After graduating from the physics department of Qinghua University in 1952, I started working in the development of nuclear detectors (including cloud chambers and scintillometers) under the instruction of Profs. Yang Chengzhong and Dai Chuanzeng at the CAS Institute of Modern Physics.From 1956 to 1958,I studied at Lebedev’s Institute of Physics under the Soviet Academy展开更多
Machine learning(ML)is becoming a new paradigm for scientific research in various research fields due to its exciting and powerful capability of modeling tools used for big-data processing tasks.In this review,we firs...Machine learning(ML)is becoming a new paradigm for scientific research in various research fields due to its exciting and powerful capability of modeling tools used for big-data processing tasks.In this review,we first briefly introduce the different methodologies used in ML algorithms and techniques.As a snapshot of many applications by ML,some selected applications are presented,especially for low-and intermediate-energy nuclear physics,which include topics on theoretical applications in nuclear structure,nuclear reactions,properties of nuclear matter,and experimental applications in event identification/reconstruction,complex system control,and firmware performance.Finally,we present a summary and outlook on the possible directions of ML use in low-intermediate energy nuclear physics and possible improvements in ML algorithms.展开更多
HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS is a science periodical focusing on specialized fields with its first issue published in 1977.It is sponsored by the Chinese Physical Society,and supported by the Institute of.H...HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS is a science periodical focusing on specialized fields with its first issue published in 1977.It is sponsored by the Chinese Physical Society,and supported by the Institute of.High Energy Physics and the Institute of Modern Physics,the Chinese Academy of Sciences.It is a monthly journal,distributed both at home and abroad.展开更多
Based on the theory of relativistic superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), by using the method of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac approximations, we investigate the problem of strong electron screening (SES) in SMFs and the influ...Based on the theory of relativistic superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), by using the method of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac approximations, we investigate the problem of strong electron screening (SES) in SMFs and the influence of SES on the nuclear reaction of 23Mg (p, Y)24A1. Our calculations show that the nuclear reaction will be markedly effected by the SES in SMFs in the surface of magnetars. Our calculated screening rates can increase two orders of magnitude due to SES in SMFs.展开更多
The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact form...The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact formula E = Kmc<sup>2</sup> where a < K < 1 which has the merit of accounting for the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos (K = 1/22) and the conjectured missing dark energy density of the universe (K = 21/22) from the view point of economical notation.展开更多
Sub Farm Interface is the event builder of the ATLAS(A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) Dataflow System. It receives event fragments from the Read Out System, builds full events and sends complete events to the Event Filter ...Sub Farm Interface is the event builder of the ATLAS(A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) Dataflow System. It receives event fragments from the Read Out System, builds full events and sends complete events to the Event Filter for high level event selection. This paper describes the implementation of the Sub Farm Interface. Furthermore, this paper introduces some issues on SFI(Sub Farm Interface) optimization and the monitoring service inside SFI.展开更多
A new analytical approach to the computation of the Fermi-Dirac (FD) functions is presented, which was suggested by previous experience with various algorithms. Using the binomial expansion theorem these functions a...A new analytical approach to the computation of the Fermi-Dirac (FD) functions is presented, which was suggested by previous experience with various algorithms. Using the binomial expansion theorem these functions are expressed through the binomial coefficients and familiar incomplete Gamma functions. This simplification and the use of the memory of the computer for the calculation of binomial coefficients may extend the limits to large arguments for users and result in speedier calculation, should such limits be required in practice. Some numerical results are presented for significant mapping examples and they are briefly discussed.展开更多
Beam dynamics and rf designs of a 104 MHz ladder type IH-RFQ (L-IH-RFQ) accelerator are finished at Peking University for the acceleration of 14C+ from 40 keV to 500 keV. As a specific feature, the output beam ener...Beam dynamics and rf designs of a 104 MHz ladder type IH-RFQ (L-IH-RFQ) accelerator are finished at Peking University for the acceleration of 14C+ from 40 keV to 500 keV. As a specific feature, the output beam energy spread is as low as 0.6% achieved with the internal discrete bunching method, which makes potential applications of RFQ feasible, such as accelerator mass spectrometry and ion implantation. Tolerances of the beam dynamics design are studied by means of changing the input beam parameters, and the results are quite satisfying. On the other hand, the L-IH-RFQ structure is employed, taking advantage of its mechanical stability and the absence of inter-electrode voltage asymmetry. Radio-frequency properties are studied and optimized for reducing power loss with Microwave Studio (MWS). Tuning of the field flatness and frequency is investigated in principle.展开更多
Specific activity of primordial radionuclides and associated radiation hazards due to 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th have been measured in backed red brick samples, collected from five highly populated areas of the North West ...Specific activity of primordial radionuclides and associated radiation hazards due to 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th have been measured in backed red brick samples, collected from five highly populated areas of the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. For the detection, analysis and data acquisition, a high purity germanium detector was used. Associated external doses were calculated using a Monte Carlo neutron photon transport code. A theoretical model to determine the gamma dose rate at 1 m height from the floor, made of bricks, was employed for the calculation of mass attenuation coefficient and self-absorption in the floor for the gamma energies of these radionuclides and their progeny. Monte Carlo simulation shows that in this study the floor, having more than an effective thickness of 15 cm, contributes very little to the external gamma dose rate. The values of the external dose rate and annual effective dose are found to be much lower than the world average as well as from other countries of the world.展开更多
A novel method for the computation of the motion of multi-body systems is proposed against the traditional one, based on the dynamic exchange of attraction forces or using complex field equations, that hardly face two...A novel method for the computation of the motion of multi-body systems is proposed against the traditional one, based on the dynamic exchange of attraction forces or using complex field equations, that hardly face two-body problems. The Newton gravitational model is interpreted as the emission of neutrino/gravitons from celestial bodies that combine to yield a cumulative flux that interacts with single bodies through a momentum balance. The neutrino was first found by Fermi to justify the energy conservation in <i><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></i> decay and, using his model;we found that the emission of neutrino from matter is almost constant independently from the nuclides involved. This flux can be correlated to Gauss constant G, allowing the rebuilding of Newton law on the basis of nuclear data, the neutrino weight and the speed of light. Similarly to nature, we can therefore separate in the calculations the neutrino flux, that represents the gravitational field, is dependent on masses and is not bound to the number of bodies involved, from the motion of each body that, given the field, is independent of the mass of bodies themselves. The conflict between exchanges of forces is avoided, the mathematics is simplified, the computational time is reduced to seconds and the stability of result is guaranteed. The example of computation of the solar system including the Sun and eight planets over a period of one to one hundred years is reported, together with the evolution of the shape of the orbits.展开更多
We present an analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of factorial correlations and oscillatory multiplicity moments of 32S Ag/Br interactions at 200 A OeV. The investigation reveals that the correlated mom...We present an analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of factorial correlations and oscillatory multiplicity moments of 32S Ag/Br interactions at 200 A OeV. The investigation reveals that the correlated moments increase with decrease in bin-bin separation D, following the power law, which suggests the presence of an intermittent nature of self-similar dynamical fluctuations pattern for ring-like and jet-like events. The analysis further shows that the strength of the non-statistical fluctuations is larger for jet-like events than those of ring-like events and total events. However, ring-like and jet-like events are not to be consistent with the total events of the c~ model of intermittency. To go beyond the lower order correlation, the oscillatory multiplicity moments are used to study the higher order correlation. The ratios Hq (cumulant over factorial moments, Kq/Fq) are determined for ring-like, jet-like and the total events. The presence of few-particle short range correlation is established. It is extremely interesting to observe that the oscillations of ring-like events are different from the jet-like events and the total events. However, in almost all the cases, the simulated interactions fail to replicate the experimental results.展开更多
We investigate fission induced by negative pions in copper and bismuth targets using CR-39 dielectric track detectors. The target-detector assemblies in 4π-geometric configuration were exposed at the AGS facility of ...We investigate fission induced by negative pions in copper and bismuth targets using CR-39 dielectric track detectors. The target-detector assemblies in 4π-geometric configuration were exposed at the AGS facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA. The exposed detectors were chemically etched under appropriate etching conditions and scanned to collect data in the form of fission fragments tracks produced as a result of interaction of pions with the target nuclei. Using the track counts, the experimental fission cross sections for copper and bismuth have been measured at energies of 500, 672, 1068 and 1665 MeV and compared with the calculation using the Cascade-Exciton Model code (CEM95). The values of fission probability based on experimental fission cross-sections have been compared with the theoretically calculated values of fission probabilities obtained using the CEM95 code. Good agreement is observed between the measured and computed results.展开更多
After one century of nuclear physics, the anomalous Rutherford scattering remains a puzzle: its underlying fundamental laws are still missing. The only presently recognized electromagnetic interaction in a nucleus is ...After one century of nuclear physics, the anomalous Rutherford scattering remains a puzzle: its underlying fundamental laws are still missing. The only presently recognized electromagnetic interaction in a nucleus is the so-called Coulomb electric force, in 1/r, only positive thus repulsive in official nuclear physics, explaining the Rutherford scattering at low kinetic energy of the impacting alpha particles. At high kinetic energy the Rutherford scattering formula doesn’t work, thus called “anomalous scattering”. I have discovered that, to solve the problem, it needs only to replace, at high kinetic energy, the Coulomb repulsive electric potential in 1/r, by the also repulsive magnetic Poisson potential in 1/r<sup>3</sup>. In log-log coordinates, one observes two straight lines of slopes, respectively −2 and −6. They correspond with the −1 and −3 exponents of the only repulsive electric and magnetic interactions, multiplied by 2 due to the cross-sections. Both Rutherford (normal and anomalous) scattering have been calculated electromagnetically. No attractive force needed.展开更多
By introducing the Dirac δ-function and Pauli exclusion principle in the presence of superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), we investigate the influence of SMFs on beta decay and the change rates of electron fraction ...By introducing the Dirac δ-function and Pauli exclusion principle in the presence of superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), we investigate the influence of SMFs on beta decay and the change rates of electron fraction (CREF) of nuclides 56Fe, 62Ni, 64Ni and 6SNi in magnetars, which are powered by magnetic field energy. We find that the magnetic fields have a great influence on the beta decay rates, and the beta decay rates can decrease by more than six orders of magnitude in the presence of SMFs. The CREF also decreases by more than seven orders of magnitude in the presence of SMFs.展开更多
Electron screening has strong effects on electron energy and threshold energy of the beta decay reaction.In this paper,we study β~-decay rates of some iron isotopes.The beta decay rates increase by about two orders o...Electron screening has strong effects on electron energy and threshold energy of the beta decay reaction.In this paper,we study β~-decay rates of some iron isotopes.The beta decay rates increase by about two orders of magnitude due to electron screening.Strongly screened beta decay rates due to Q-value correction are more than one order of magnitude higher than those without Q-value correction.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce the application of random matrices in mathe- matical physics including Riemann-Hilbert problem, nuclear physics, big data, image processing, compressed sensing and so on. We start with the ...In this paper, we introduce the application of random matrices in mathe- matical physics including Riemann-Hilbert problem, nuclear physics, big data, image processing, compressed sensing and so on. We start with the Riemann- Hilbert problem and state the relation between the probability distribution of nontrivial zeros and the eigenvalues of the random matrices. Through the random matrices theory, we derive the distribution of Neutron width and prob- ability density between energy levels. In addition, the application of random matrices in quantum chromo dynamics and two dimensional Einstein gravity equations is also present in this paper.展开更多
With the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT), a novel region-segmentation-based fusion algorithm for infrared (IR) and visible images is presented. The IR image is segmented according to the physical feature...With the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT), a novel region-segmentation-based fusion algorithm for infrared (IR) and visible images is presented. The IR image is segmented according to the physical features of the target. The source images are decomposed by the NSCT, and then, different fusion rules for the target regions and the background regions are employed to merge the NSCT coefficients respectively. Finally, the fused image is obtained by applying the inverse NSCT. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the pixel-based methods, including the traditional wavelet-based method and NSCT-based method.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guang Dong Province,China(Grant No.2019B030330001)Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030008)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074180,12005065,12022512,and 12035007)the Key Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou(Grant Nos.201804020055 and 2019050001)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301800)。
文摘Nuclear physics,whose underling theory is described by quantum gauge field coupled with matter,is fundamentally important and yet is formidably challenge for simulation with classical computers.Quantum computing provides a perhaps transformative approach for studying and understanding nuclear physics.With rapid scaling-up of quantum processors as well as advances on quantum algorithms,the digital quantum simulation approach for simulating quantum gauge fields and nuclear physics has gained lots of attention.In this review,we aim to summarize recent efforts on solving nuclear physics with quantum computers.We first discuss a formulation of nuclear physics in the language of quantum computing.In particular,we review how quantum gauge fields(both Abelian and non-Abelian)and their coupling to matter field can be mapped and studied on a quantum computer.We then introduce related quantum algorithms for solving static properties and real-time evolution for quantum systems,and show their applications for a broad range of problems in nuclear physics,including simulation of lattice gauge field,solving nucleon and nuclear structures,quantum advantage for simulating scattering in quantum field theory,non-equilibrium dynamics,and so on.Finally,a short outlook on future work is given.
文摘After graduating from the physics department of Qinghua University in 1952, I started working in the development of nuclear detectors (including cloud chambers and scintillometers) under the instruction of Profs. Yang Chengzhong and Dai Chuanzeng at the CAS Institute of Modern Physics.From 1956 to 1958,I studied at Lebedev’s Institute of Physics under the Soviet Academy
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11875070,11875323,12275359,11875125,12147219,U2032145,11705163,11790320,11790323,11790325,11975032,11835001,11935001,11890710,12147101,11835002,11705031,and 11961141003)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0404404,2018YFA0404403,and 2020YFE0202001)+3 种基金the Continuous Basic Scientific Research Project(Grant No.WDJC-2019-13)the funding of China Institute of Atomic Energy(Grant No.YZ222407001301)the Leading Innovation Project of the China National Nuclear Corporation(Grant Nos.LC192209000701,and LC202309000201)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030008)。
文摘Machine learning(ML)is becoming a new paradigm for scientific research in various research fields due to its exciting and powerful capability of modeling tools used for big-data processing tasks.In this review,we first briefly introduce the different methodologies used in ML algorithms and techniques.As a snapshot of many applications by ML,some selected applications are presented,especially for low-and intermediate-energy nuclear physics,which include topics on theoretical applications in nuclear structure,nuclear reactions,properties of nuclear matter,and experimental applications in event identification/reconstruction,complex system control,and firmware performance.Finally,we present a summary and outlook on the possible directions of ML use in low-intermediate energy nuclear physics and possible improvements in ML algorithms.
文摘HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS is a science periodical focusing on specialized fields with its first issue published in 1977.It is sponsored by the Chinese Physical Society,and supported by the Institute of.High Energy Physics and the Institute of Modern Physics,the Chinese Academy of Sciences.It is a monthly journal,distributed both at home and abroad.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant No. 11565020the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan province under grant No. 114012the Undergraduate Innovation Program of Hainan province under grant No. 20130139
文摘Based on the theory of relativistic superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), by using the method of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac approximations, we investigate the problem of strong electron screening (SES) in SMFs and the influence of SES on the nuclear reaction of 23Mg (p, Y)24A1. Our calculations show that the nuclear reaction will be markedly effected by the SES in SMFs in the surface of magnetars. Our calculated screening rates can increase two orders of magnitude due to SES in SMFs.
文摘The paper suggests that E = mc<sup>2</sup> may be open to misinterpretation and that in this form it is not what Einstein advanced first. It is further suggested to return to the slightly less compact formula E = Kmc<sup>2</sup> where a < K < 1 which has the merit of accounting for the measured ordinary energy density of the cosmos (K = 1/22) and the conjectured missing dark energy density of the universe (K = 21/22) from the view point of economical notation.
文摘Sub Farm Interface is the event builder of the ATLAS(A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) Dataflow System. It receives event fragments from the Read Out System, builds full events and sends complete events to the Event Filter for high level event selection. This paper describes the implementation of the Sub Farm Interface. Furthermore, this paper introduces some issues on SFI(Sub Farm Interface) optimization and the monitoring service inside SFI.
文摘A new analytical approach to the computation of the Fermi-Dirac (FD) functions is presented, which was suggested by previous experience with various algorithms. Using the binomial expansion theorem these functions are expressed through the binomial coefficients and familiar incomplete Gamma functions. This simplification and the use of the memory of the computer for the calculation of binomial coefficients may extend the limits to large arguments for users and result in speedier calculation, should such limits be required in practice. Some numerical results are presented for significant mapping examples and they are briefly discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10775009.
文摘Beam dynamics and rf designs of a 104 MHz ladder type IH-RFQ (L-IH-RFQ) accelerator are finished at Peking University for the acceleration of 14C+ from 40 keV to 500 keV. As a specific feature, the output beam energy spread is as low as 0.6% achieved with the internal discrete bunching method, which makes potential applications of RFQ feasible, such as accelerator mass spectrometry and ion implantation. Tolerances of the beam dynamics design are studied by means of changing the input beam parameters, and the results are quite satisfying. On the other hand, the L-IH-RFQ structure is employed, taking advantage of its mechanical stability and the absence of inter-electrode voltage asymmetry. Radio-frequency properties are studied and optimized for reducing power loss with Microwave Studio (MWS). Tuning of the field flatness and frequency is investigated in principle.
文摘Specific activity of primordial radionuclides and associated radiation hazards due to 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th have been measured in backed red brick samples, collected from five highly populated areas of the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. For the detection, analysis and data acquisition, a high purity germanium detector was used. Associated external doses were calculated using a Monte Carlo neutron photon transport code. A theoretical model to determine the gamma dose rate at 1 m height from the floor, made of bricks, was employed for the calculation of mass attenuation coefficient and self-absorption in the floor for the gamma energies of these radionuclides and their progeny. Monte Carlo simulation shows that in this study the floor, having more than an effective thickness of 15 cm, contributes very little to the external gamma dose rate. The values of the external dose rate and annual effective dose are found to be much lower than the world average as well as from other countries of the world.
文摘A novel method for the computation of the motion of multi-body systems is proposed against the traditional one, based on the dynamic exchange of attraction forces or using complex field equations, that hardly face two-body problems. The Newton gravitational model is interpreted as the emission of neutrino/gravitons from celestial bodies that combine to yield a cumulative flux that interacts with single bodies through a momentum balance. The neutrino was first found by Fermi to justify the energy conservation in <i><span style="white-space:nowrap;">β</span></i> decay and, using his model;we found that the emission of neutrino from matter is almost constant independently from the nuclides involved. This flux can be correlated to Gauss constant G, allowing the rebuilding of Newton law on the basis of nuclear data, the neutrino weight and the speed of light. Similarly to nature, we can therefore separate in the calculations the neutrino flux, that represents the gravitational field, is dependent on masses and is not bound to the number of bodies involved, from the motion of each body that, given the field, is independent of the mass of bodies themselves. The conflict between exchanges of forces is avoided, the mathematics is simplified, the computational time is reduced to seconds and the stability of result is guaranteed. The example of computation of the solar system including the Sun and eight planets over a period of one to one hundred years is reported, together with the evolution of the shape of the orbits.
文摘We present an analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of factorial correlations and oscillatory multiplicity moments of 32S Ag/Br interactions at 200 A OeV. The investigation reveals that the correlated moments increase with decrease in bin-bin separation D, following the power law, which suggests the presence of an intermittent nature of self-similar dynamical fluctuations pattern for ring-like and jet-like events. The analysis further shows that the strength of the non-statistical fluctuations is larger for jet-like events than those of ring-like events and total events. However, ring-like and jet-like events are not to be consistent with the total events of the c~ model of intermittency. To go beyond the lower order correlation, the oscillatory multiplicity moments are used to study the higher order correlation. The ratios Hq (cumulant over factorial moments, Kq/Fq) are determined for ring-like, jet-like and the total events. The presence of few-particle short range correlation is established. It is extremely interesting to observe that the oscillations of ring-like events are different from the jet-like events and the total events. However, in almost all the cases, the simulated interactions fail to replicate the experimental results.
文摘We investigate fission induced by negative pions in copper and bismuth targets using CR-39 dielectric track detectors. The target-detector assemblies in 4π-geometric configuration were exposed at the AGS facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA. The exposed detectors were chemically etched under appropriate etching conditions and scanned to collect data in the form of fission fragments tracks produced as a result of interaction of pions with the target nuclei. Using the track counts, the experimental fission cross sections for copper and bismuth have been measured at energies of 500, 672, 1068 and 1665 MeV and compared with the calculation using the Cascade-Exciton Model code (CEM95). The values of fission probability based on experimental fission cross-sections have been compared with the theoretically calculated values of fission probabilities obtained using the CEM95 code. Good agreement is observed between the measured and computed results.
文摘After one century of nuclear physics, the anomalous Rutherford scattering remains a puzzle: its underlying fundamental laws are still missing. The only presently recognized electromagnetic interaction in a nucleus is the so-called Coulomb electric force, in 1/r, only positive thus repulsive in official nuclear physics, explaining the Rutherford scattering at low kinetic energy of the impacting alpha particles. At high kinetic energy the Rutherford scattering formula doesn’t work, thus called “anomalous scattering”. I have discovered that, to solve the problem, it needs only to replace, at high kinetic energy, the Coulomb repulsive electric potential in 1/r, by the also repulsive magnetic Poisson potential in 1/r<sup>3</sup>. In log-log coordinates, one observes two straight lines of slopes, respectively −2 and −6. They correspond with the −1 and −3 exponents of the only repulsive electric and magnetic interactions, multiplied by 2 due to the cross-sections. Both Rutherford (normal and anomalous) scattering have been calculated electromagnetically. No attractive force needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11565020)the Counterpart Foundation of Sanya (Grant No. 2016PT43)+2 种基金the Special Foundation of Science and Technology Cooperation for Advanced Academy and Regional of Sanya (Grant No. 2016YD28)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan province (Grant No. 114012)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Grant No. 20132BAB212005)
文摘By introducing the Dirac δ-function and Pauli exclusion principle in the presence of superstrong magnetic fields (SMFs), we investigate the influence of SMFs on beta decay and the change rates of electron fraction (CREF) of nuclides 56Fe, 62Ni, 64Ni and 6SNi in magnetars, which are powered by magnetic field energy. We find that the magnetic fields have a great influence on the beta decay rates, and the beta decay rates can decrease by more than six orders of magnitude in the presence of SMFs. The CREF also decreases by more than seven orders of magnitude in the presence of SMFs.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 11565020)the Counterpart Foundation of Sanya(Grant 2016PT43)+2 种基金the Special Foundation of Science and Technology Cooperation for Advanced Academy and Region of Sanya(Grant 2016YD28)the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for 515 Talented Project of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(Grant RHDRC201701)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(Grant 114012)
文摘Electron screening has strong effects on electron energy and threshold energy of the beta decay reaction.In this paper,we study β~-decay rates of some iron isotopes.The beta decay rates increase by about two orders of magnitude due to electron screening.Strongly screened beta decay rates due to Q-value correction are more than one order of magnitude higher than those without Q-value correction.
文摘In this paper, we introduce the application of random matrices in mathe- matical physics including Riemann-Hilbert problem, nuclear physics, big data, image processing, compressed sensing and so on. We start with the Riemann- Hilbert problem and state the relation between the probability distribution of nontrivial zeros and the eigenvalues of the random matrices. Through the random matrices theory, we derive the distribution of Neutron width and prob- ability density between energy levels. In addition, the application of random matrices in quantum chromo dynamics and two dimensional Einstein gravity equations is also present in this paper.
基金the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China (No.60572152)the National 863 Program of China (No.2006AA01Z127).
文摘With the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT), a novel region-segmentation-based fusion algorithm for infrared (IR) and visible images is presented. The IR image is segmented according to the physical features of the target. The source images are decomposed by the NSCT, and then, different fusion rules for the target regions and the background regions are employed to merge the NSCT coefficients respectively. Finally, the fused image is obtained by applying the inverse NSCT. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the pixel-based methods, including the traditional wavelet-based method and NSCT-based method.