The paper shows the novel techniques introduction in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean in order to strengthen the surveillance and monitoring of the sedimentation phenomenon in the surface water reservoirs...The paper shows the novel techniques introduction in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean in order to strengthen the surveillance and monitoring of the sedimentation phenomenon in the surface water reservoirs.The integrated use of the nuclear techniques allows a more complete assessment of water and land sustainability.With the development of a regional project,supported by the International Agency of Atomic Energy,Cuba participates as technical leader for 15 countries,to encourage and implement the integrated application of 3 nuclear techniques(Fallout Radionuclides(137Cs,7Be,210pb),Compound Specific Stable Isotopes(fatty acids of the(e)13C)and the Isotopic Hydrology(18O,2H,3H).The methodology used in the last studies referred to RLA 5076 Project is to apply the integration of these three techniques allows evaluating,in the hydraulic facilities and surface water reservoirs,the negative sedimentation impacts in natural and anthropic process as environmental and social risk.These techniques evaluate the sedimentation process and its synergy,obtaining since the soil quantification in the landscape,definition the soil origin deposited until the dynamic characterization of the water body as soil receptor.The integrated application of these nuclear techniques in the Project RLA-5076 confirms it as a useful tool to support the decisions makers in the definition of the national strategies and programs related to the land and the water resources sustainability.With the support of the IAEA projects in the Latin American and Caribbean region,has been evidenced an important increment in the use of these novel techniques.展开更多
SYNCHROTRON TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONSNo.1 1 Intermediate energy light sources and the SSRF project ZHAO Zhen—Tang9 Multiple scattering approach to X-ray absorption spectroscopyM.BENFATTO,Zi—Yu WU20 Electron gun fo...SYNCHROTRON TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONSNo.1 1 Intermediate energy light sources and the SSRF project ZHAO Zhen—Tang9 Multiple scattering approach to X-ray absorption spectroscopyM.BENFATTO,Zi—Yu WU20 Electron gun for SSRFSHENG Shu—Gang,LIN Guo—Qiang,GU Qiang,LI De—Ming24 A new digital beam position monitor in SSRFCHENG Wei—Xing,LIU展开更多
Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the d... Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the development of related science and technology is a high-tech area, and also a significant aspect of non-electrical power application of nuclear technique.……展开更多
Golestan,a province in the North-East of Iran,is characterized by high coverage of loess deposits.Since 1963,the area has experienced approximately 200,000 ha deforestation due to land-use changes in agriculture and i...Golestan,a province in the North-East of Iran,is characterized by high coverage of loess deposits.Since 1963,the area has experienced approximately 200,000 ha deforestation due to land-use changes in agriculture and increasing demand for wood.Approximately,110,000 ha of the clear-cut lands are under dry-farming,mainly for wheat cropping,and about 86,000 ha have been reforested.This IAEA funded project is the first attempt to use nuclear techniques in the East of Hircanian Forest for determination of on-site impacts of deforestation due to two land-use changes(i.e.dry farming and reforestation).Practicing long-term dry-farming led to 60%soil losses with a mean rate of 2 mm per year.The net erosion rate of croplands on loess deposits in the study area was 32.27 t ha-1 yr-1.Reforestation,cultivation of even-aged Cypress trees since 1993,showed 13 to 60 percent effectiveness in soil conservation.Dry-farming land use resulted in the loss of 95 t ha-1 soil organic carbon(SOC)stock at a mean rate of 1.7 t ha-1 over 54 years.Cultivating Cypress trees successfully restored the SOC content by 100%compared with the SOC in original forests.The conversion of dry-farming lands to orchards of olive trees since 2004,brought more income for farmers but were less effective in soil conservation because of low canopy cover of olive trees.Our data provide key information and guidance for land users and decisionmakers about implementing strategic and sustainable conservation practices to restore degraded land.展开更多
基金The International Agency of Atomic Energy(IAEA).The support received in Latin American and Caribbean,is fundamental to develop the nuclear techniques application like important assessment tools in the environment degradations
文摘The paper shows the novel techniques introduction in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean in order to strengthen the surveillance and monitoring of the sedimentation phenomenon in the surface water reservoirs.The integrated use of the nuclear techniques allows a more complete assessment of water and land sustainability.With the development of a regional project,supported by the International Agency of Atomic Energy,Cuba participates as technical leader for 15 countries,to encourage and implement the integrated application of 3 nuclear techniques(Fallout Radionuclides(137Cs,7Be,210pb),Compound Specific Stable Isotopes(fatty acids of the(e)13C)and the Isotopic Hydrology(18O,2H,3H).The methodology used in the last studies referred to RLA 5076 Project is to apply the integration of these three techniques allows evaluating,in the hydraulic facilities and surface water reservoirs,the negative sedimentation impacts in natural and anthropic process as environmental and social risk.These techniques evaluate the sedimentation process and its synergy,obtaining since the soil quantification in the landscape,definition the soil origin deposited until the dynamic characterization of the water body as soil receptor.The integrated application of these nuclear techniques in the Project RLA-5076 confirms it as a useful tool to support the decisions makers in the definition of the national strategies and programs related to the land and the water resources sustainability.With the support of the IAEA projects in the Latin American and Caribbean region,has been evidenced an important increment in the use of these novel techniques.
文摘SYNCHROTRON TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONSNo.1 1 Intermediate energy light sources and the SSRF project ZHAO Zhen—Tang9 Multiple scattering approach to X-ray absorption spectroscopyM.BENFATTO,Zi—Yu WU20 Electron gun for SSRFSHENG Shu—Gang,LIN Guo—Qiang,GU Qiang,LI De—Ming24 A new digital beam position monitor in SSRFCHENG Wei—Xing,LIU
文摘 Nuclear technique is a powerful scientific tool in agricultural research, an area with fruitful achievements in China. Application of nuclear technique in agriculture (Nuclear Agricultural Sciences) based on the development of related science and technology is a high-tech area, and also a significant aspect of non-electrical power application of nuclear technique.……
基金the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)Vienna for technical and financial support under national TC project(IRA5013)Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute of Iran(SCWMRI)Nuclear Science&Technology Research Institute(NSTRI),Atomic energy organization of Iran.
文摘Golestan,a province in the North-East of Iran,is characterized by high coverage of loess deposits.Since 1963,the area has experienced approximately 200,000 ha deforestation due to land-use changes in agriculture and increasing demand for wood.Approximately,110,000 ha of the clear-cut lands are under dry-farming,mainly for wheat cropping,and about 86,000 ha have been reforested.This IAEA funded project is the first attempt to use nuclear techniques in the East of Hircanian Forest for determination of on-site impacts of deforestation due to two land-use changes(i.e.dry farming and reforestation).Practicing long-term dry-farming led to 60%soil losses with a mean rate of 2 mm per year.The net erosion rate of croplands on loess deposits in the study area was 32.27 t ha-1 yr-1.Reforestation,cultivation of even-aged Cypress trees since 1993,showed 13 to 60 percent effectiveness in soil conservation.Dry-farming land use resulted in the loss of 95 t ha-1 soil organic carbon(SOC)stock at a mean rate of 1.7 t ha-1 over 54 years.Cultivating Cypress trees successfully restored the SOC content by 100%compared with the SOC in original forests.The conversion of dry-farming lands to orchards of olive trees since 2004,brought more income for farmers but were less effective in soil conservation because of low canopy cover of olive trees.Our data provide key information and guidance for land users and decisionmakers about implementing strategic and sustainable conservation practices to restore degraded land.
