The regional objective ET (Evapotranspiration) is a new concept in water resources research,which refers to the total amount of water that could be exhausted from a region in the form of vapor per year. The objective-...The regional objective ET (Evapotranspiration) is a new concept in water resources research,which refers to the total amount of water that could be exhausted from a region in the form of vapor per year. The objective-ET based water resources management allocates water to different regions in terms of ET. It controls the water exhausted from a region to meet the objective ET. The regional objective ET must be adapted to fit the region’s local available water resources. By improving the water utilization effi-ciency and reducing the unrecoverable water in the social water circle,it is saved so that water related production is maintained or even increased under the same water consumption conditions. Regional water balance is realized by rationally deploying the available water among different industries,adjusting industrial structures,and adopting new water-saving technologies,therefore to meeting the requirements for groundwater conservation,agricultural income stability,and avoiding environmental damages. Furthermore,water competition among various departments and industries (including envi-ronmental and ecological water use) may be avoided. This paper proposes an innovative definition of objective ET,and its principles,sub-index systems. Besides,a computational method for regional ob-jective ET is developed by combining the distributed hydrological model and the soil moisture model.展开更多
The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is ...The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is also constrained by the requirement of benign environment cycle.At the same time,it must meet the demands of sustainable economic growth and the construction of harmony society.Objective ET based water resources distribution will replace the conventional method,which empha-sizes the balance between the water demand and the water supply.It puts focus on the reasonable water consumption instead of the forecasted water demand,which is usually greater than the actual one.In this paper,we calculated the objective ET of 2010 year level in Tianjin by an analysis-integra-tion-assessment method.Objective ET can be classified into two parts:controllable ET and uncontrol-lable ET.Controllable ET includes the ET from irrigation land and the ET from resident land,among which the former can be calculated with soil moisture model and evapotranspiration model,while the latter can be calculated by water use ration and water consumption rate.The uncontrollable ET can be calculated with the distributed hydrological model and the remote sensing monitoring model.The two models can be mutually calibrated.In this paper,eight schemes are put forward based on different portfolios of water resources.The objective ET of each scheme was calculated and the results were assessed and analyzed.Finally,an optimal scheme was recommended.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2006CB403401)National Natural Science Fundation of China (Grant No.50721006)
文摘The regional objective ET (Evapotranspiration) is a new concept in water resources research,which refers to the total amount of water that could be exhausted from a region in the form of vapor per year. The objective-ET based water resources management allocates water to different regions in terms of ET. It controls the water exhausted from a region to meet the objective ET. The regional objective ET must be adapted to fit the region’s local available water resources. By improving the water utilization effi-ciency and reducing the unrecoverable water in the social water circle,it is saved so that water related production is maintained or even increased under the same water consumption conditions. Regional water balance is realized by rationally deploying the available water among different industries,adjusting industrial structures,and adopting new water-saving technologies,therefore to meeting the requirements for groundwater conservation,agricultural income stability,and avoiding environmental damages. Furthermore,water competition among various departments and industries (including envi-ronmental and ecological water use) may be avoided. This paper proposes an innovative definition of objective ET,and its principles,sub-index systems. Besides,a computational method for regional ob-jective ET is developed by combining the distributed hydrological model and the soil moisture model.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project) (Grant No. 2006CB403401) the National Natural Science Fundation of China (Grant No. 50721006)
文摘The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is also constrained by the requirement of benign environment cycle.At the same time,it must meet the demands of sustainable economic growth and the construction of harmony society.Objective ET based water resources distribution will replace the conventional method,which empha-sizes the balance between the water demand and the water supply.It puts focus on the reasonable water consumption instead of the forecasted water demand,which is usually greater than the actual one.In this paper,we calculated the objective ET of 2010 year level in Tianjin by an analysis-integra-tion-assessment method.Objective ET can be classified into two parts:controllable ET and uncontrol-lable ET.Controllable ET includes the ET from irrigation land and the ET from resident land,among which the former can be calculated with soil moisture model and evapotranspiration model,while the latter can be calculated by water use ration and water consumption rate.The uncontrollable ET can be calculated with the distributed hydrological model and the remote sensing monitoring model.The two models can be mutually calibrated.In this paper,eight schemes are put forward based on different portfolios of water resources.The objective ET of each scheme was calculated and the results were assessed and analyzed.Finally,an optimal scheme was recommended.