The Association between Fear of COVID-19,Obsession with COVID-19,and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Korean Emergency Rescue Firefighters:A Cross-Sectional Study

During the rapid spread of COVID-19,first responders are at risk of being exposed to COVID-19 due to their role in providing first aid and responding to an unspecified number of people.This uncertainty can have adverse mental health effects,such as increased anxiety and fear.This study aimed to investigate the degree of association between fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in emergency rescue firefighters.The participants were 150 emergency rescue firefighters working in Region S,Korea.They filled out self-report questionnaires:The data obtained through the Fear of COVID-19 Scale,Obsession with COVID-19 Scale,and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version were subjected to nonparametric statistical analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0.The study found a significant correlation between emergency rescue firefighters’fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and PTSD.Fear and obsession with COVID-19 were higher among first responder firefighters who were directly involved in COVID-19-related tasks.Furthermore,a one-point increase in obsession was associated with a 2.837-point increase in PTSD.Based on the results,we found that there is a need for effective control of obsessions and fears among first responder firefighters during COVID-19,and we suggest that there is a need for mental health care for first responder firefighters during the pandemic through the development and support of programs to prevent and mitigate obsessions.

Validation of the Farsi version of the Death Obsession Scale among nurses

Objectives:Obsession is one of the important aspects in death distress.The objective of this study was to estimate the reliability,validity,and factorial structure of the Farsi version of the Death Obsession Scale(DOS).Methods:A convenience sample of 106 Iranian nurses from two hospitals at Tehran city,Iran was recruited.They completed the DOS,Death Concern Scale,Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale,Death Anxiety Scale,Reasons for Death Fear Scale,and Death Depression Scale.Results:Cronbach's a for the DOS was 0.95,and 2-week test-retest reliability was 0.74.The DOS correlated 0.48,0.46,0.47,0.39 and 0.44 with the last mentioned scales,respectively(P<0.01),indicating good construct and criterion-related validity.Principle components analysis of the DOS identified three factors accounted for 74.82%of the variance.Factor 1 labeled“Death rumination”(34.78%of the variance),Factor 2 labeled“Death dominance”(29.65%of the variance),and Factor 3 labeled“Death idea repetition”(10.38%of the variance).Conclusions:The DOS has good validity and reliability,and it could be recommended for use in clinical and research settings to assess the death obsession in Iranian nurses.

Audiomeca OBSESSION Ⅱ CD唱机

自1979年开始，Audiomeca就已跻身Hi—End器材的制造行列。早期以制造LP唱盘为主力．时至今日已转为专攻CD、转盘等数码讯源产品。Audiomeca的老板兼设计者Pierre Lurne是一名物理学家．他也是瑞士著名的品牌Goldmund的创始人，最顶级的Goldmund LP唱盘Reference就是出自他手。CD机的机芯是机器的灵魂，但因开发成本高，因此极少数厂家会自行开发机芯，

Plastic Obsession

近年来，世界各国纷纷倡导减少塑料袋的使用。2008年6月1日，我国也开始实行“限塑令”，各大超市开始对塑料袋的使用收取费用，这一举措成效显著。然而．塑料袋仍是影响我们生活环境的重要污染源……

Audiomeca OBSESSION II CD机

自1979年开始，Audiomeca就已投入Hi-end器材的制造行列。早期以制造LP唱盘为主力，时至今日已转为专攻CD、转盘等数码讯源产品。Audiomeca的老板兼设计者Mr．Pierre Lurne是一名物理学家，他是瑞士著名的品牌Goldmund的创始人，最顶级的Goldmund LP唱盘Reference就是出自他的手。

强迫思维症状来访者心理干预个案体会

很多考生在大型考试前头脑中会控制不住的反复出现不相干的想法,影响注意力及心身状态,这是考前焦虑以及脑神经过度疲劳引起的强迫思维。本文通过联合运用森田疗法、认知行为疗法、意象对话技术、正念呼吸放松技术,对实际案例进行心理干预,有效改善来访者强迫思维症状,缓解考前焦虑。通过对咨询过程的呈现和分析,希望能将此方法、思路推广应用。

Exploring the Reasons for Selfie-Taking and Selfie-Posting on Social Media with Its Effect on Psychological and Social Lives:A Study among Indian Youths

‘Selfie’taking was introduced to the common people by smartphones and has become a common practice across the globe in no time.With technological advancement and the popularity of smartphones,selfie-taking has grown rapidly within a short time.In light of the new trend set by the generation,this study aimed to explore reasons for selfie-taking and selfie-posting on social media and their effects on the social and psychological lives of young adults.A purposive sampling method was adopted to select 20 Indian citizens,between 18 and 24 years.The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.Selfie-taking and posting on social media give positive feelings,and it acts as a mood modifier dependent mostly on the favourability and feedback about the post which in turn affects emotions and self-satisfaction.

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder:A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and adolescents.It is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in adults.AIM To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCS as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with OCD.METHODS We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD,using a Children’s Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(CY-BOCS)scale to assess their condition.Both active and sham groups were given fluoxetine,and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 sessions.Reassessment occurred at 2,6,and 12 wk using CY-BOCS.RESULTS Eighteen adolescents completed the study(10-active,8-sham group).CY-BOCS scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group only.The mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group(11.8±7.77 vs 5.25±2.22,P=0.056).Adverse effects between the groups were comparable.CONCLUSION tDCS is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in adolescents.However,there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCS as early augmentation in OCD in this population.

Evaluating Pharmacological and Rehabilitation Strategies for Effective Management of Bipolar Disorder: A Comprehensive Clinical Study

Bipolar disorder presents significant challenges in clinical management, characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania often accompanied by impairment in functioning. This study investigates the efficacy of pharmacological interventions and rehabilitation strategies to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Utilizing a randomized controlled trial with multiple treatment arms, participants will receive pharmacotherapy, polypharmacotherapy, rehabilitation interventions, or combination treatments. Outcome measures will be assessed using standardized scales, including the Hamilton Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and Mania Scale. Preliminary data suggest improvements in symptom severity and functional outcomes with combination treatments. This research aims to inform clinical practice, guide treatment decisions, and ultimately enhance the quality of care for individuals living with bipolar disorder. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences to advance knowledge in this field.

大学生强迫症状的体育运动干预实验

目的 :对具有强迫症状的大学生的采用体育运动干预实验研究 ,为高校大学生身心健康教育工作者提供科学依据。方法 :使用SCL -90量表、艾森克EPQ量表进行评定 ,筛选西安邮电学院一年级大学生强迫症状高分者及情绪不稳定者 5 7名为研究对象 ,随机分成两组 ,其中 2 9人 ,以体育兴趣小组为活动方式进行实验研究。结果 :通过运动处方干预 6周后其强迫症状 (t =3 14 ,P <0 0 1) ,情绪稳定性 (χ2 =12 7,P <0 0 0 1)均显著改善 ,优于对照组 ,并发现大学生的强迫倾向与情绪稳定性、个性特征存在着相关性。结论 :改善强迫症状的效果与运动处方相关 ;有计划、有目的安排体育锻炼和娱乐性群体运动兴趣小组活动有利于改善大学生的强迫症状和培养健康的个性和稳定的情绪特征。

强迫症症状学的初步研究

本文采用系统精神检查法,对45例强迫症进行评定。结果发现:(1)强迫症最常见的症状为强迫疑虑(占91%),强迫性不确定(obsessional vacillation)和强迫检查,分别占82%和80%。(2)强迫症的症状分布与出现频率与国外相似,而强迫行为的表现与国外明显不同。提示强迫症状是一种原发现象,受文化因素影响很小。

莱顿强迫量表在中国的初步应用

本文采用莱顿强迫量表(The Leyton Obsessional Inventory LOI)对45例强迫症、30例抑郁症及69名正常人进行测试。发现:(1) LOI 的测试结果与临床系统精神科检查结果一致;(2)LOI 的症状、抵抗及干扰得分可将上述三组人群两两鉴别开;(3)症状题的前三个主成份分别为“清洁”、“担心疑虑”及“检查”。提示:LOI 是一个敏感、特异的测定强迫现象的量表,可在我国推广应用。

Differential diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms from delusions in schizophrenia: A phenomenological approach

Several studies suggest increased prevalence-rates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OCS) and even of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) in patients with schizophrenic disorders. Moreover, it has been recently proposed the existence of a distinct diagnostic subgroup of schizo-obsessive disorder. However, the further investigation of the OCS or OCD-schizophrenia diagnostic comorbidity presupposes the accurate clinical differential diagnosis of obsessions and compulsions from delusions and repetitive delusional behaviours, respectively. In turn, this could be facilitated by a careful comparative examination of the phenomenological features of typical obsessions/compulsions and delusions/repetitive delusional behaviours, respectively. Thiswas precisely the primary aim of the present investigation. Our examination included seven features of obsessions/delusions(source of origin and sense of ownership of the thought, conviction, consistency with one's belief-system, awareness of its inaccuracy, awareness of its symptomatic nature, resistance, and emotional impact) and five features of repetitive behaviours(aim of repetitive behaviours, awareness of their inappropriateness, awareness of their symptomatic nature, and their immediate effect on underlying thought, and their emotional impact). Several of these clinical features, if properly and empathically investigated, can help discriminate obsessions and compulsive rituals from delusions and delusional repetitive behaviours, respectively, in patients with schizophrenic disorders. We comment on the results of our examination as well as on those of another recent similar investigation. Moreover, we also address several still controversial issues, such as the nature of insight, the diagnostic status of poor insight in OCD, the conceptualization and differential diagnosis of compulsions from other categories of repetitive behaviours, as well as the diagnostic weight assigned to compulsions in contemporary psychiatric diagnostic systems. We stress the importance of the feature of mental reflexivity for understanding the nature of insight and the ambiguous diagnostic status of poor insight in OCD which may be either a marker of the chronicity of obsessions, or a marker of their delusionality. Furthermore, we criticize two major shortcomings of contemporary psychiatric diagnostic systems(DSM-IV, DSM-V, ICD-10) in their criteria or guidelines for the diagnosis of OCD or OCS: first, the diagnostic parity between obsessions and compulsions and, second, the inadequate conceptualization of compulsions. We argue that these shortcomings might artificially inflate the clinical prevalence of OC symptoms in the course of schizophrenic disorders. Still, contrary to a recent proposal, we do not exclude on purely a priori grounds the possibility of a concurrence of genuine obsessions along with delusions in patients with schizophrenia.

心理疏导治疗强迫症的对照研究

目的 :探讨心理疏导治疗强迫症的疗效观察。方法 :选择 87例门诊强迫症患者 ,随机分配成两组 ,研究组在药物治疗基础上加用心理疏导疗法 ,对照组单用药物治疗。结果 :1研究组和对照组在治疗前 Y-BOCS评分差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5) ,而治疗后研究组 Y- BOCS评分明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5)。 2临床疗效研究组痊愈 2 4例 ,显著进步 1 3例 ,进步 6例 ,显效率为 86% ;而对照组痊愈 9例 ,显暑进步 1 5例 ,进步1 4例 ,无效 6例 ,显效率为 54.5%。结论 :强迫症在药物治疗基础上进行心理疏导疗法 ,能更有效控制症状 ,改善预后 ,减少复发 ,疗效更加巩固。

Woman diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder became delusional after childbirth:A case report

BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a common mental disorder that varies greatly in manifestation and causes much distress to individuals.We describe a case in which a Chinese woman with OCD became delusional after childbirth,and discuss the possible phenomenological and psychological alterations.CASE SUMMARY A 27-year-old woman presented to the Psychiatry Department of our hospital with obsessions and compulsions.After taking medication,her symptoms were alleviated.Three years later,during her pregnancy,the obsessions returned and even progressed into paranoid delusions after childbirth.After multiple adjustments of treatment along with several fluctuations,she finally achieved remission and gained reasonable insight.CONCLUSION This case suggests that the patient with OCD appeared to move along a continuum of beliefs,and highlights the importance of effective intervention during pregnancy,which would exert a significant impact on postpartum exacerbation outcomes.

强迫症状维度与强迫信念的相关性研究

目的了解强迫症(obsessive-compulsive disorder,OCD)患者不同症状维度与其强迫信念的关系。方法采用强迫症状分类量表(修订版)(obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised,OCI-R)及简版强迫信念问卷-44(obsessional beliefs questionnaire,OBQ-44)分别对146例OCD患者的强迫信念及强迫症状进行评估。结果多因素线性回归分析示,强迫清洗症状与责任感/威胁评估信念(标准化β=0.23,P<0.01)存在关联,强迫检查症状与完美主义/确定性信念(标准化β=0.20,P=0.02)有统计学关联,强迫排列症状与完美主义/确定性信念(标准化β=0.28,P<0.01)有统计学关联,强迫思维症状与责任感/威胁评估信念(标准化β=0.50,P<0.01)有统计学关联。结论强迫思维及强迫清洗症状受责任感/威胁评估信念影响大,强迫检查及强迫排列症状受完美主义/确定性信念影响大。

强迫思维与强迫行为对建筑工人不安全行为的影响

通过文献梳理和实例访谈,提出强迫思维、强迫行为及建筑工人不安全行为结构关系的假设模型.对建筑工人展开问卷调研,采用SPSS软件对数据展开信度和效度分析,采用Amos 21.0软件对假设模型进行模拟拟合.结果表明:强迫行为对不安全动机有显著负向影响;强迫思维对不安全动机有显著正向影响;强迫思维对安全能力有显著负向影响;不安全动机对不安全行为具有显著正向影响.

Characterization of event-related potentials in obsessive compulsive disorder patients: Comparison with depression and generalized anxiety disorder patients

BACKGROUND： Study results of event-refated potential in obsessive compulsive disorder （OCD） remain controversial, potentially as a result of different instruments utilized and their differing technical characteristics. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the differences in several common event-related potentials, Le. contingent negative variations, P300, and mismatch negativity （MMN）, in OCD patients, depression patients, generalized anxiety disorder （GAD） patients, and healthy controls. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A case-control study was performed in the Department of Electrophysiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center from May 2002 to December 2005. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 38 OCD patients, 20 depression patients, and 18 GAD patients, who were diagnosed according to the criteria of Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders （Version 3）, formulated by the Chinese Psychiatry Association, were selected from the Outpatient Department of Shanghai Mental Health Center. Patients with two or more the above diseases were excluded. In addition, 28 healthy people, gender and age matched, were selected as controls. METHODS： Contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN were recorded by a Nicolet Spirit Instrument. All electrodes were attached at Cz according to the Intemationa11020 system, with the mastoid leads as reference and Fpz as ground. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Amplitude and latency of contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN. RESULTS： The contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN were different （P 〈 0.01）. OCD patients showed an increased MI amplitude compared with controls, depression, and GAD patients （P 〈 0.01）. Target P300 amplitudes were significantly lower in OCD, depression, and GAD patients compared with controls （P 〈 0.01）. Moreover, N2 latency and latency of MMN were prolonged in OCD and depression groups compared with controls （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Event-related potentials were different in depression, GAD, and OCD patients and healthy controls. In particular, OCD patients exhibited unique characteristics.

Cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder co-occurring with psychosis: Systematic review of evidence

AIM To review available evidence on the use of cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT) for treating obsessive compulsive disorder co-occurring with psychosis.METHODS In this paper we present a detailed and comprehensive review of the current literature focusing on CBT treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) co-occurring with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. We identified relevant literature published between 2001 and May 2016 through MEDLINE/PubM ed search using as search string("obsessive compulsive disorders" or "obsessive compulsive symptoms") and("schizophrenia" or "schizoaffective disorder" or "psychosis") and("cognitive behavioural therapy"). Other citations of interest were further identified from references reported in the accessed articles. The search was limited to studies written in English and carried out in adult patients. A total of 9 studies, 8 case reports and 1 case series, were found.RESULTS The reviewed evidence indicates that CBT is:(1) safe, i.e., does not worsen psychotic symptoms;(2) well accepted, with a discontinuation rate quite similar to that reported for patients with OCD without psychosis comorbidity;(3) effective, with a symptom reduction quite similar to that reported for patients with OCD without psychosis and for SRIs treatment of OCD cooccurring with psychosis; and(4) effective in patients with OCD induced by second-generation antipsychotic as well as in patients with OCD not induced by secondgeneration antipsychotic. Alcohol/substance use disorder comorbidity and OCD onset preceding that of SCH/SA was predictors of poor outcome. These results are derived only by additional studies with adequate sample size.CONCLUSION Our results support the use of CBT for OCD in patients with psychosis.

Rapunzel syndrome is not just a mere surgical problem: A case report and review of current management

Recurrent Rapunzel syndrome(RRS) is a rare clinical presentation with fewer than six cases reported in the Pub Med literature. A report of RRS and literature review is presented. A 25-year-old female was admitted to hospital with a 4-wk history of epigastric pain and swelling. She had a known history of trichophagia with a previous admission for Rapunzel syndrome requiring a laparotomy nine years earlier, aged 16. Psychological treatment had been successfully achieved for nine years with outpatient hypnotherapy sessions only, but she defaulted on her last session due to stressors at home. The abdominal examination demonstrated an epigastric mass. Computer tomography scan revealed a large gastric bezoar and features of aspiration pneumonia. The patient underwent emergency open surgical laparotomy for removal as the bezoar could not be removed endoscopically. The bezoar was cast in a shape that mimicked the contours of the stomach and proximal small bowel, hence the diagnosis of RRS. The patient was seen by a psychiatrist and was commenced on Quetiapine before discharge. She continues to attend follow-up.