In view of the fact that the current adaptive steganography algorithms are difficult to resist scaling attacks and that a method resisting scaling attack is only for the nearest neighbor interpolation method,this pape...In view of the fact that the current adaptive steganography algorithms are difficult to resist scaling attacks and that a method resisting scaling attack is only for the nearest neighbor interpolation method,this paper proposes an image steganography algorithm based on quantization index modulation resisting both scaling attacks and statistical detection.For the spatial image,this paper uses the watermarking algorithm based on quantization index modulation to extract the embedded domain.Then construct the embedding distortion function of the new embedded domain based on S-UNIWARD steganography,and use the minimum distortion coding to realize the embedding of the secret messages.Finally,according to the embedding modification amplitude of secret messages in the new embedded domain,the quantization index modulation algorithm is applied to realize the final embedding of secret messages in the original embedded domain.The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed is robust to the three common interpolation attacks including the nearest neighbor interpolation,the bilinear interpolation and the bicubic interpolation.And the average correct extraction rate of embedded messages increases from 50%to over 93% after 0.5 times-fold scaling attack using the bicubic interpolation method,compared with the classical steganography algorithm S-UNIWARD.Also the algorithm proposed has higher detection resistance than the original watermarking algorithm based on quantization index modulation.展开更多
In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarking method to improve both transparence and robustness of quantization index modulation(QIM) scheme. Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply a step-size adapted...In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarking method to improve both transparence and robustness of quantization index modulation(QIM) scheme. Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply a step-size adapted to image content in each 8×8 block to make a balance of robust extraction and transparent embedding.The modified step-size is determined by contrast masking thresholds of Watson’s perceptual model.From a normalized crossed-correlation value between the original watermark and the detected watermark,we could observe that our method is robust to attacks of additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN),Salt and Pepper noise and Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression than the original QIM.By taking into account the contrast insensitivity and visible thresholds of human visual system,the suggested improvement achieves a maximum embedding strength and an appropriate quantization step-size which is consistent with local values of a host signal.展开更多
In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarkingmethod to improve both transparence and robustnessof quantization index modulation(QIM)scheme.Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply astep-size adapted to i...In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarkingmethod to improve both transparence and robustnessof quantization index modulation(QIM)scheme.Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply astep-size adapted to image content in each 8×8block to make a balance of robust extraction andtransparent embedding.The modified step-size isdetermined by contrast masking thresholds ofWatson’s perceptual model.From a normalizedcrossed-correlation value between the original watermarkand the detected watermark,we could observethat our method is robust to attacks of additivewhite Gaussian noise(AWGN),Salt and Peppernoise and Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG)compression than the original QIM.By taking intoaccount the contrast insensitivity and visible thresholdsof human visual system,the suggested improvementachieves a maximum embedding strength andan appropriate quantization step-size which is consistentwith local values of a host signal.展开更多
This paper presents a method to detect the quantization index modulation(QIM) steganography in G.723.1 bit stream.We show that the distribution of each quantization index(codeword) in the quantization index sequence h...This paper presents a method to detect the quantization index modulation(QIM) steganography in G.723.1 bit stream.We show that the distribution of each quantization index(codeword) in the quantization index sequence has unbalanced and correlated characteristics.We present the designs of statistical models to extract the quantitative feature vectors of these characteristics.Combining the extracted vectors with the support vector machine,we build the classifier for detecting the QIM steganography in G.723.1 bit stream.The experiment shows that the method has far better performance than the existing blind detection method which extracts the feature vector in an uncompressed domain.The recall and precision of our method are all more than 90% even for a compressed bit stream duration as low as 3.6 s.展开更多
We propose a robust digital watermarking algorithm for copyright protection.A stable feature is obtained by utilizing QR factorization and discrete cosine transform(DCT) techniques,and a meaningful watermark image is ...We propose a robust digital watermarking algorithm for copyright protection.A stable feature is obtained by utilizing QR factorization and discrete cosine transform(DCT) techniques,and a meaningful watermark image is embedded into an image by modifying the stable feature with a quantization index modulation(QIM) method.The combination of QR factorization,DCT,and QIM techniques guarantees the robustness of the algorithm.Furthermore,an embedding location selection method is exploited to select blocks with small modifications as the embedding locations.This can minimize the embedding distortion and greatly improve the imperceptibility of our scheme.Several standard images were tested and the experimental results were compared with those of other published schemes.The results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can achieve not only better imperceptibility,but also stronger robustness against common signal processing operations and lossy compressions,such as filtering,noise addition,scaling,sharpening,rotation,cropping,and JPEG/JPEG2000 compression.展开更多
为了解决奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)算法提取水印时需要原始载体图像的缺陷,以及量化索引调制(quantization index modulation,QIM)均匀量化不适用于非均匀信号的问题,通过引入μ律压缩技术,提出一种新的基于DWT-SV...为了解决奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)算法提取水印时需要原始载体图像的缺陷,以及量化索引调制(quantization index modulation,QIM)均匀量化不适用于非均匀信号的问题,通过引入μ律压缩技术,提出一种新的基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法。该算法对载体图像进行分块,对每一分块实施离散小波变换(discrete wavelet transform,DWT),以及对变换后的近似部分系数进行SVD分解,使用μ律压缩函数压缩分解后的最大奇异值,用QIM的方法嵌入二值水印。算法只用到了最大奇异值,可以盲提取水印,消除因传输原始载体图像产生的不安全性,μ律压缩技术也减小了嵌入水印对原始载体图像的扰乱。仿真实验结果表明,该算法保持了较高的透明性,并对高斯噪声、中值滤波、联合图像专家小组(joint photographic experts group,JPEG)压缩、缩放等常见攻击具有更强的鲁棒性。展开更多
有学者提出了一种在压缩语音编码过程中进行QIM(Quantization Index Modulation)隐写的方法.该方法可用于在G.729A压缩语音流中高隐蔽性地嵌入秘密信息,研究其隐写分析方法很有必要.本文首先分析了QIM隐写对G.729A码流造成的显著性特征...有学者提出了一种在压缩语音编码过程中进行QIM(Quantization Index Modulation)隐写的方法.该方法可用于在G.729A压缩语音流中高隐蔽性地嵌入秘密信息,研究其隐写分析方法很有必要.本文首先分析了QIM隐写对G.729A码流造成的显著性特征变化,发现该种隐写将使码流中LPC滤波器的量化索引(码字)发生转移,并导致码字分布的不均衡性及相关性特性发生改变.本文设计了统计模型,实现了对码字分布特性的量化特征抽取;结合支持向量机,本文构造了用于隐写检测的集成分类器系统.实验结果显示本文方法能够在低于30ms的时间内,获得超过98%的检测准确率,实现了对QIM隐写的快速有效检测.展开更多
几何攻击会给数字水印带来同步误差和插值误差,现有的多数抗几何攻击的鲁棒水印方法都把焦点集中在同步误差上,对插值误差的研究甚少。介绍了常见的插值算法并指明了插值误差产生的原因,能够实现最佳的嵌入率、嵌入失真以及鲁棒性之间...几何攻击会给数字水印带来同步误差和插值误差,现有的多数抗几何攻击的鲁棒水印方法都把焦点集中在同步误差上,对插值误差的研究甚少。介绍了常见的插值算法并指明了插值误差产生的原因,能够实现最佳的嵌入率、嵌入失真以及鲁棒性之间平衡的QIM(quantization index modulation)水印算法,进而分析了插值误差对QIM算法的影响,在此基础上提出了针对插值误差的逐像素点选择QIM水印算法。实验在纹理程度不同的10幅图像上进行。实验证明,提出的水印算法对插值误差的鲁棒性优于原始的QIM水印算法。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61379151,61401512,61572052,U1636219)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0801303,2016QY01W0105)the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Henan Provinces(No.162102210032).
文摘In view of the fact that the current adaptive steganography algorithms are difficult to resist scaling attacks and that a method resisting scaling attack is only for the nearest neighbor interpolation method,this paper proposes an image steganography algorithm based on quantization index modulation resisting both scaling attacks and statistical detection.For the spatial image,this paper uses the watermarking algorithm based on quantization index modulation to extract the embedded domain.Then construct the embedding distortion function of the new embedded domain based on S-UNIWARD steganography,and use the minimum distortion coding to realize the embedding of the secret messages.Finally,according to the embedding modification amplitude of secret messages in the new embedded domain,the quantization index modulation algorithm is applied to realize the final embedding of secret messages in the original embedded domain.The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed is robust to the three common interpolation attacks including the nearest neighbor interpolation,the bilinear interpolation and the bicubic interpolation.And the average correct extraction rate of embedded messages increases from 50%to over 93% after 0.5 times-fold scaling attack using the bicubic interpolation method,compared with the classical steganography algorithm S-UNIWARD.Also the algorithm proposed has higher detection resistance than the original watermarking algorithm based on quantization index modulation.
基金supports of China NNSF(Grant No.60472063. 60325310)GDNSF/GDCNLF(04020074/ CN200402)
文摘In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarking method to improve both transparence and robustness of quantization index modulation(QIM) scheme. Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply a step-size adapted to image content in each 8×8 block to make a balance of robust extraction and transparent embedding.The modified step-size is determined by contrast masking thresholds of Watson’s perceptual model.From a normalized crossed-correlation value between the original watermark and the detected watermark,we could observe that our method is robust to attacks of additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN),Salt and Pepper noise and Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression than the original QIM.By taking into account the contrast insensitivity and visible thresholds of human visual system,the suggested improvement achieves a maximum embedding strength and an appropriate quantization step-size which is consistent with local values of a host signal.
基金the supports of China NNSF (Grant No. 60472063.60325310)GDNSF/ GDCNLF (04020074/CN200402)
文摘In this paper,we suggest an adaptive watermarkingmethod to improve both transparence and robustnessof quantization index modulation(QIM)scheme.Instead of a fixed quantization step-size,we apply astep-size adapted to image content in each 8×8block to make a balance of robust extraction andtransparent embedding.The modified step-size isdetermined by contrast masking thresholds ofWatson’s perceptual model.From a normalizedcrossed-correlation value between the original watermarkand the detected watermark,we could observethat our method is robust to attacks of additivewhite Gaussian noise(AWGN),Salt and Peppernoise and Joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG)compression than the original QIM.By taking intoaccount the contrast insensitivity and visible thresholdsof human visual system,the suggested improvementachieves a maximum embedding strength andan appropriate quantization step-size which is consistentwith local values of a host signal.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60970148)the National High-Tech R&D (863)Program of China (No. 2011AA010704)
文摘This paper presents a method to detect the quantization index modulation(QIM) steganography in G.723.1 bit stream.We show that the distribution of each quantization index(codeword) in the quantization index sequence has unbalanced and correlated characteristics.We present the designs of statistical models to extract the quantitative feature vectors of these characteristics.Combining the extracted vectors with the support vector machine,we build the classifier for detecting the QIM steganography in G.723.1 bit stream.The experiment shows that the method has far better performance than the existing blind detection method which extracts the feature vector in an uncompressed domain.The recall and precision of our method are all more than 90% even for a compressed bit stream duration as low as 3.6 s.
基金Project supported by the "Shuang Bai Plan" and "Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Circle" Research Program of Shenzhen,China
文摘We propose a robust digital watermarking algorithm for copyright protection.A stable feature is obtained by utilizing QR factorization and discrete cosine transform(DCT) techniques,and a meaningful watermark image is embedded into an image by modifying the stable feature with a quantization index modulation(QIM) method.The combination of QR factorization,DCT,and QIM techniques guarantees the robustness of the algorithm.Furthermore,an embedding location selection method is exploited to select blocks with small modifications as the embedding locations.This can minimize the embedding distortion and greatly improve the imperceptibility of our scheme.Several standard images were tested and the experimental results were compared with those of other published schemes.The results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can achieve not only better imperceptibility,but also stronger robustness against common signal processing operations and lossy compressions,such as filtering,noise addition,scaling,sharpening,rotation,cropping,and JPEG/JPEG2000 compression.
文摘为了解决奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)算法提取水印时需要原始载体图像的缺陷,以及量化索引调制(quantization index modulation,QIM)均匀量化不适用于非均匀信号的问题,通过引入μ律压缩技术,提出一种新的基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法。该算法对载体图像进行分块,对每一分块实施离散小波变换(discrete wavelet transform,DWT),以及对变换后的近似部分系数进行SVD分解,使用μ律压缩函数压缩分解后的最大奇异值,用QIM的方法嵌入二值水印。算法只用到了最大奇异值,可以盲提取水印,消除因传输原始载体图像产生的不安全性,μ律压缩技术也减小了嵌入水印对原始载体图像的扰乱。仿真实验结果表明,该算法保持了较高的透明性,并对高斯噪声、中值滤波、联合图像专家小组(joint photographic experts group,JPEG)压缩、缩放等常见攻击具有更强的鲁棒性。
文摘有学者提出了一种在压缩语音编码过程中进行QIM(Quantization Index Modulation)隐写的方法.该方法可用于在G.729A压缩语音流中高隐蔽性地嵌入秘密信息,研究其隐写分析方法很有必要.本文首先分析了QIM隐写对G.729A码流造成的显著性特征变化,发现该种隐写将使码流中LPC滤波器的量化索引(码字)发生转移,并导致码字分布的不均衡性及相关性特性发生改变.本文设计了统计模型,实现了对码字分布特性的量化特征抽取;结合支持向量机,本文构造了用于隐写检测的集成分类器系统.实验结果显示本文方法能够在低于30ms的时间内,获得超过98%的检测准确率,实现了对QIM隐写的快速有效检测.
文摘几何攻击会给数字水印带来同步误差和插值误差,现有的多数抗几何攻击的鲁棒水印方法都把焦点集中在同步误差上,对插值误差的研究甚少。介绍了常见的插值算法并指明了插值误差产生的原因,能够实现最佳的嵌入率、嵌入失真以及鲁棒性之间平衡的QIM(quantization index modulation)水印算法,进而分析了插值误差对QIM算法的影响,在此基础上提出了针对插值误差的逐像素点选择QIM水印算法。实验在纹理程度不同的10幅图像上进行。实验证明,提出的水印算法对插值误差的鲁棒性优于原始的QIM水印算法。