Energy Consumption Analysis and Optimization of Electric Submersible Pump System

Electric submersible pumps account for a considerable proportion in the development of the Bohai Oilfield. Improving the system efficiency of the electric submersible pump wells, ensuring that the units operate in the high-efficiency zone, is essential. Analysis shows that the efficiency of the electric submersible pump system depends on the wear and tear of each component of the submersible pump equipment, the setting of operational parameters, and more importantly, the production status and daily management level of the oil well. Therefore, improving the structural performance of the submersible pump product, optimizing the parameters setting of the oil well, strengthening daily management, establishing a scientific management system, and improving the production management process and system can effectively improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of the oil well, and further achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. In addition, it is necessary to actively promote the concept and technology of energy saving and emission reduction, encourage oilfield enterprises to explore effective measures to reduce the energy consumption of the electric submersible pump system by strengthening the scientific management system, and achieve a green, low-carbon, and high-quality development of oilfield production to achieve the unity of economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental benefits. This article applies the above measures in the P oilfield to achieve energy optimization of submersible electric pump systems, reducing the daily power consumption of single well submersible electric pump systems by 371 kWh per day, increasing the submersible electric pump's lifespan by 200 days, generating considerable project benefits.

一起汽动给水泵主汽门自动关闭的故障分析与改进

某电厂运行人员在试验汽动给水泵直流事故油泵时,汽泵主汽门自动关闭。分析此次故障是因直流系统发生两点接地,导通了汽泵主汽门关闭控制回路。针对直流系统绝缘薄弱点,更换直流接触器及控制回路电缆,梳理接地线,完善保护逻辑等改进措施。消除故障隐患,设备安全运行无异常。

浅析乙烯装置急冷油泵机械密封的选用

针对目前乙烯装置急冷油泵机械密封在现场使用效果不佳、运行寿命短的问题,根据急冷油泵的工况特点,分析了其密封难点,推荐了一种适用于乙烯装置急冷油泵的密封辅助系统方案及机械密封结构。该结构成功运用在多个乙烯装置急冷油泵上,运行稳定,使用寿命显著提升,达到了优化改进的目的。

大排量深抽减载抽油泵研制

针对顺北油田等超深油气田开发开采需求加大的现状,提出了排量大于100 m^(3)∕d、泵挂深度大于3000 m的有杆泵大排量深抽需求。为此,研制了大排量深抽减载抽油泵,其进油阀安装在柱塞上随柱塞运动,出油阀安装在泵筒下部;进油阀座在阀球上方,依靠弹簧力提供阀球的初始关闭力。上冲程过程中,液柱载荷主要作用在下部出油阀上并由泵筒、油管承担,以降低悬点最大载荷;下冲程过程中,液柱载荷主要作用在柱塞上,以降低悬点最小载荷。通过对大排量深抽减载泵结构、工作原理和受力情况等进行分析,推导出悬点载荷计算公式,设计了弹簧结构参数,验证了新型大排量深抽减载泵的可行性。

滑油泵气液两相流动传热实验平台搭建与应用

设计并搭建一套用于滑油泵气液两相流动传热及空化性能测试的实验平台。该平台以旋板式滑油泵为实验对象,进行了滑油夹带气入口条件下旋板泵的气液两相流动特性实验,获得了旋板泵吸排油流量、泵出口压力时频特性、泵振动加速度时频特性、以及入口流型对旋板泵吸排油性能影响规律。结果表明,所搭建的实验平台能够完全满足滑油泵气液两相流动传热特性实验。同时也可开展能源动力类研究生教学实验。

新型抽水蓄能电站主进水阀油压装置主油阀设计

随着我国确定了“双碳”目标,风电、光伏等可再生能源得到飞跃性发展,从而带动了抽水蓄能电站爆发式增长。随着抽水蓄能电站不断地投运,进水球阀的安全可靠性在抽水蓄能电站中被赋予了更高的要求。作为给进水球阀操作提供动力源的油压装置,对其安全性、可靠性及自动化程度都提出更高的要求。本文介绍的这种新型主油阀系统能使油压装置实现全自动控制,并提供有效的安全保护功能。其结构紧凑、操作简单,具有首次开启保护、自动开启、自动关闭、自动紧急关闭、手动紧急关闭等多种功能,极大地提高了油压装置的自动化水平。

喷油螺杆真空泵油气分离系统的设计研究

针对喷油螺杆真空泵产品进行设计,重点介绍了真空泵油气分离系统的设计方法。根据真空泵的工作原理,结合工程实践,首先拟定油气分离系统组成,以及油气分离罐的结构设计方案;然后针对油气分离罐中重要零件如筒体、法兰等进行详细分析和计算,确定筒体公称直径、厚度等重要参数;之后基于爆破片的结构原理进行选型和计算,确定其爆破压力和排放面积等参数;最后运用三维设计软件完成整个结构的三维模型设计,进一步验证了油气分离系统结构的合理性。

低渗透油田合理间抽制度确定及其应用效果分析

针对A油田低品位区块抽油机井常年存在液量不足、举升能耗高、系统效率低的问题,针对人工间抽和不停机间抽两种间抽方式,形成两种间抽方式运行制度模板和间抽参数控制模板,确定了抽油机井合理的停抽和启抽时间,有效避免“干抽”现象。区块实施人工间抽井2623口,间抽比例达89.0%;不停机间抽井1982口,占间抽井的75.6%。统计区块3口典型井,转间抽摇摆10 min正常运转20 min,实现平均单井日节电量18 kWh。间抽前后产液量保持稳定,抽油机采油能耗降低,碳排放量减少,抽油井采油效益得到提高,为油井经济开采提供关键技术与管理思路。

三星水电站漏油泵无法自启故障处理及分析

三星水电站在对漏油控制系统液位信号传感器、示流器、压力开关等自动化元器件升级更换后,导致漏油泵控制系统不能正常自启。文章主要通过对产生该故障现象的判断,深入分析了产生的原因,提出了解决该类故障的思路、方法和措施,措施实施后达到了快速处理、及时恢复的效果,确保了水电站辅机设备安全稳定运行。

基于改进小波包的钻完井液压系统主油泵运行故障诊断方法

钻完井液压系统主油泵运行数据中包含异常值,导致F_(1)值较小,因此设计一种基于改进小波包的钻完井液压系统主油泵运行故障诊断方法。采集主油泵的运行数据,进行数据清洗去除异常值,这些数据涵盖主油泵在各种工作状态下的实时表现。基于改进小波包的方法,提取出液压系统主油泵运行故障的特征信息,利用这些特征信息构建主油泵运行故障诊断模型,能够准确识别各种故障类型。通过模型的运算分析,可实现对钻完井液压系统主油泵运行故障的分类诊断,为钻井作业的安全和效率提供有力保障。实验结果表明,基于改进小波包的钻完井液压系统主油泵运行故障诊断方法,在各种运行状态下均获得了最高的F_(1)值,远大于两种对比方法,其中F_(1)最高值可达到0.95,表明设计方法在实际应用中具有更高的准确性和可靠性。

BC300Z轿车转向系统计算与设计

介绍了一款乘用车转向系统的基本计算方法。以整车转向系统转向性能需求为基准,以标杆车型、参考车型原始使用数据为参考,通过理论计算、数值分析等方法,就转向系统中液压助力齿轮齿条式转向器或电动助力齿轮齿条式转向器技术参数选择、转向油泵流量以及电动转向器电机输出力矩匹配选择的计算公式进行了推导和详细说明,并在实际的工作中得到广泛应用。

油田原油储运系统能耗分析与节能措施

为降低某油田原油储运系统的能耗,采用现场调查与分析设备资料的方法,掌握原油储运系统各站点的运输距离、年输油量和综合能耗等信息。通过分析管道运行节能潜力和原油站库节能潜力,采取以电力代替原油方式,合理设置管线最低进站温度和离心泵减级等节能措施。现场运行表明:推行“以电代油”工程后,C站库的能耗经济成本可以降低50%以上;安装变频器可降低电动机的运行损耗,相比于改造前系统运行能耗降低了12.7%;采取离心泵减级措施后,对于工作压力在1.5 MPa以下、流量为100~120 m^(3)/h的离心泵,其运行功率可以降低1.6~4.6 kW,在多输油20 m^(3)/h的情况下,单位能耗下降了0.0918 kWh,节能效果较为明显。

国产中控系统实现油井“一键降频”与功能优化

海上石油生产设施在日常生产过程中,如果关断阀、控制阀等设备意外突然关闭时,生产流程将出现大幅波动,极易造成单元关断或全生产关停。为有效降低因生产流程波动造成的单生产序列关停或者全生产关停的次数,减少油井电潜泵意外停机次数,本文基于国产和利时中控系统,实现油井手动“一键降频”与自动分级停井功能优化,在安全功能不受影响的前提下,利用将电潜泵运行频率手动一键降至基准频率的功能,让中控主操有时间采取最有效的紧急操作避免关停,并且当触发某个单序列生产关停信号时,自动关停高含水井,最大限度减少原油产量损失。油井手动“一键降频”功能的创新开发与自动分级停井功能的创新优化,经济效益明显、推广性强,可推广到其他海上设施,特别是已经实施或者正在实施中控系统国产化的海上设施。

抽油机井节能潜力分析方法研究与应用

大庆长垣油田目前抽油机井系统效率平均为30.87%,系统效率低于25%的井数占比达到18.76%,抽油机井系统效率有进一步提升空间。根据抽油机井人工举升理论、抽油机井多节点能耗分布规律,明确影响各节点能耗损失的关键因素,提出一套适用于现场工程应用的抽油机井节能潜力优化判断方法,快速分析抽油机井各个节点的提效潜力,提出对应优化措施,在大庆长垣油田应用330口井,系统效率平均提高3.6个百分点,实现抽油机井节能潜力的快速、精准挖掘和优化措施的精准施策。

原油长输管道系统重点耗能单元用能评价与节能应用研究

针对某长输原油管道系统能量损失大、运行成本高的问题,构建了原油管道系统多层次能效评价体系,对该原油管道系统重点耗能单元进行识别,发现泵机组是节能监测与技术改造的重点单元。然后对其泵机组进行能耗监测,初步判断泵机组的用能情况,在此基础上提出多指标熵权-灰色关联综合评价方法,可同时实现泵机组系统整体用能评价与局部薄弱环节识别。结果表明:评价指标的权重大小排序依次为泵机组效率、功率因数、电机效率、吨·百米耗电量;通过计算关联度得到泵机组用能情况的排序。根据评价结果调整开泵方案,结果表明,调整后电耗和用电费用均有不同程度的降低,实现了该原油管道系统节能降耗的目标。

集成预润滑式发动机机油泵试验研究

为解决发动机启动过程中,润滑油不能及时输送到各摩擦副表面,短时间内处在边界摩擦或固体干摩擦润滑状态下产生剧烈磨损的问题,设计气动马达辅助驱动的集成预润滑式机油泵总成作为解决方案。依托于发动机润滑系统试验台架,通过改变润滑系统的初始状态(贫油或富油)、气动马达的进气压力,进行发动机的预润滑过程及冷启动过程试验研究。结果表明:集成预润滑式发动机机油泵在进气压力2×10^(5)~6×10^(5) Pa的工况下能够迅速建立起稳定的1×10^(5) Pa以上的主油道机油压力;当进气压力为3×10^(5) Pa时,发动机冷启动主油道油压达到标定油压的时间提前7~8 s。可见,集成预润滑式机油泵总成能够有效地进行发动机启动预润滑,避免在发动机冷启动阶段轴承等运动摩擦副发生固体干摩擦而导致的磨损。

Geochemical Assessments and Potential Energy Sources Evaluations Based on Oil Shale and Geothermal Resource in Wadi Al-Shallala—North Jordan

Oil shale deposit is considered as one of the fossil fuel sources in Jordan. Despite that, the needs of renewable energy resources become a must in Jordan. Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale is investigated in this work for geochemical, petrographic features and hydrocarbon potential as a conventional energy resource. Various petrographic and geochemical techniques were applied. Oil shale resource potential is evaluated for cooling and heating Sal village houses. Geothermal heat pumps, as renewable energy resource in the study area, were simulated for comparison purposes. Results show that Calcite is the main mineral component of oil shale. Magnesite, Ferrisilicate and Zaherite are exhibited in the studied samples. Other trace elements of Zinc, Cobalt and Molybdenum were presented, too. Calcium oxide of 41.01% and Silicon oxide of 12.4% are the main oxides reflected in this oil shale. Petrographic features of the analyzed oil shale found that the primary mineral constituent is micritic calcite, while the secondary minerals include carbonate mud and opaque minerals. Furthermore, it’s found that total organic carbon averages 3.33% while the total carbon content averages 20.6%. ModerateTOCvalues suggest that Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale has a good source rock potential. Even though nitrogen and sulfur are of low contents in Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale, direct combustion of the reserve for electricity generating will increase CO2 emissions by 2.71 Million m3. Two systems were simulated to cover Sal village cooling and heating demands. The conventional system is compared with geothermal heat pumps. Geothermal heat pumps are found to save 60% of electricity consumption in heating and 50% in cooling systems. The environmental benefits for geothermal system implementation will be a reduction in energy consumption as electricity. The savings in fuel oil will be about 9.35 Million barrels. While the reduction of CO2 emissions will drop to 1.5 Million m3. Results suggest that geothermal heat pumps are the best for satisfying cooling and heating needs in Sal village near Wadi Al-Shallala.

非对称并行结构螺杆泵采油系统参数配置方法研究

非对称并行结构螺杆泵采油系统,可以从根本解决推力球轴承限径、承载能力过小以及寿命短的问题。但是,目前非对称反旋向并行结构螺杆泵采油系统只有概念模型结构,尚未有人对双泵的参数配置方法进行研究。为此,提出了一种新型井下非对称反旋向并行结构电机驱动螺杆泵采油系统。首先,基于“等寿命”理念开展了双螺杆泵的参数配置方法研究,给出了双泵匹配需要满足的约束条件,建立了易失效部件的受力分析模型,根据力平衡原理给出了部件之间的受力关系,分析了单螺杆泵转子所受轴向力和工作扭矩;然后,依据等寿命准则(推力球轴承与万向联轴器的疲劳使用寿命趋于相等),确定了推力球轴承所受轴向压力与联轴器所受拉力之间的比值关系,给出了上下两螺杆泵之间所受轴向力之比;最后,确定了定子橡胶寿命为一年及泵端压差12 MPa条件下,双泵参数匹配方案,对所选方案进行了寿命和排量对比分析,分析了不同泵端压差对下螺旋杆泵极限排量的影响。研究结果表明:针对特定推力球轴承和十字联轴节,下螺杆泵与上螺杆泵之间所受轴向力之比为1.41∶1;螺杆泵定子橡胶寿命一定,双泵的排量相比于单螺杆泵有了很大的提升,平均增长率在50%左右。

Review of research on intelligent diagnosis of oil transfer pump malfunction

Oil transfer pump is the key dynamic equipment in the process of oil and gas gathering and transportation,and its working reliability directly affects the safety of oil and gas storage and transportation.Intelligent diagnosis is a key technical method to reduce failure rate of oil transfer pump,ensure the safety of gathering and transportation process,and avoid major safety accidents caused by oil transfer pump failure.Various oil transfer pumps have been emerged in recent decades,and the common fault types and characteristics of oil transfer pump have been brought out in the review.This article highlights on the research of the fault signal and processing methods of oil transfer pump.Firstly,the fault signal of the oil transfer pump is discussed and the advantages and disadvantages of different signal extraction are analyzed.Secondly,the intelligent diagnosis method of oil transfer pump and the shortcomings of the existing methods are pointed out.Finally,the conclusions are given and the future development perspectives of oil transfer pumps are suggested.The main contribution of this review is to give a syn-thetic understanding on oil transfer pumps.

核医学科回旋加速器系统的维护与常见故障维修

介绍了回旋加速器系统故障的初步排查方法,阐述了靶系统、水冷系统的工作原理、常见故障的维修方法、日常维护内容以及维护和维修过程中的注意事项。