Nonlinearities between oil spot and futures markets： Evidence from intraday data

This paper builds on the literature of the relationship between oil spot and futures prices from the NYNEX market, both in their means and in their conditional volatilities, to investigate whether the association is linear or not. The novelty of this work is based on intraday data from both markets. The empirical findings indicate the presence of nonlinearities both in means and conditional volatilities. Moreover, non-linear causality estimations both in means and in volatilities reveal the presence of bi-directional causality, a fact that provides additional support to the hypothesis that both markets are driven by the same information sets.

Sweet spot evaluation and exploration practice of lacustrine shale oil of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Based on core,thin section,X-ray diffraction,rock pyrolysis,CT scanning,nuclear magnetic resonance and oil testing data,the macro and micro components,sedimentary structure characteristics,of Paleogene Kong 2 Member in Cangdong sag of Huanghua depression and evaluation standard and method of shale oil reservoir were studied to sort out the best shale sections for shale oil horizontal wells.According to the dominant rock type,rhythmic structure and logging curve characteristics,four types of shale lithofacies were identified,namely,thin-layered dolomitic shale,lamellar mixed shale,lamellar felsic shale,and bedded dolomitic shale,and the Kong 21 sub-member was divided into four quasi-sequences,PS1 to PS4.The PS1 shale has a porosity higher than 6%,clay content of less than 20%,and S1 of less than 4 mg/g;the PS2 shale has well-developed laminar structure,larger pore and throat size,better connectivity of pores and throats,high contents of TOC and movable hydrocarbon,S1 of over 4 mg/g,clay content of less than 20%,and porosity of more than 4%;PS3 shale has S1 value higher than 6 mg/g and clay content of 20%-30%,and porosity of less than 4%;and PS4 shale has lower TOC content and low oil content.Shale oil reservoir classification criterion based on five parameters,free hydrocarbon content S1,shale rhythmic structure,clay content,TOC and porosity,was established.The evaluation method of shale oil sweet spot by using the weighted five parameters,and the evaluation index EI were proposed.Through comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that PS2 is best in quality and thus the dual geological and engineering sweet spot of shale oil,PS3 and PS1 come next,the former is more geologic sweet spot,the latter more engineering sweet spot,and PS4 is the poorest.Several vertical and horizontal wells drilled in the PS2 and PS3 sweet spots obtained high oil production.Among them,Well 1701 H has produced stably for 623 days,with cumulative production of over 10000 tons,showing bright exploration prospects of Kong 2 Member shale oil.

Quantitative and Comprehensive Prediction of Shale Oil Sweet Spots in Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin

The mud shale of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin is the main rock source and contains rich shale oil resources. The successful development of shale oil depends on evaluating and optimizing the “sweet spots”. To accurately identify and optimize the favorable sweet spots of shale oil in Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, the original logging data were preprocessed in this paper. Then the thin mud shale interlayer of Qingshankou Formation was identified effectively by using the processed logging data. Based on the artificial neural network method, the mineral content of mud shale in Qingshankou Formation was predicted. The lithofacies were identified according to the mineral and TOC content. Finally, a three-dimensional (3-D) model of total organic carbon (TOC), vitrinite reflectance (Ro), mineral content, and rock of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin was established to evaluate and predict the favorable sweet spots of shale oil in the study area. The results show that there are a lot of calcareous and siliceous thin interlayers in Qingshankou Formation, and TOC content is generally between 2% and 3%. Ro is the highest in Gulong sag, followed by Sanzhao sag. The lithofacies mainly consists of felsic shale and mixed shale, mainly in the first member of Qingshankou Formation. Comprehensive analysis shows that shale oil development potential is enormous in the eastern part of Sanzhao Sag and the northern part of Gulong Sag.

Production characteristics and sweet-spots mapping of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation tight oil in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

A workflow that helps identify potential production sweet spots in the Middle Bakken tight oil play is proposed based on analysis of large amounts of production data. The proposed approach is a multivariate statistical model that extracts relevant information from a training dataset of production wells to facilitate geological similarity comparison between economic and sub-economic production wells. The model is applied to the Middle Bakken tight oil play in southeastern Saskatchewan. Data screening for diagnostic geological indicators for sweet spots reveals that several geological factors indicative for conventional oil reservoirs seem to work for the Middle Bakken tight oil play as well. These factors include: a) the NE Torqunay-Rocanville Trend serving as a preferred regional migration path for connecting mature source rock in southern Williston Basin and the Middle Bakken tight reservoir in southeastern Saskatchewan; b) the oils in the Bakken tight reservoirs along the U.S. and Canada border are more likely from local matured Bakken source rocks; c) subtle structural components enhancing the convergence of dispersed hydrocarbons over a large area; d) top seal and lateral barrier improving preservation, thus favouring oil productivity; e) orientation of maximum horizontal stress coincident with the direction of the variogram spatial continuity in ultimate recoverable reserves, so the direction of horizontal well has a significant impact on the oil productivity.

The interactions between Chinese local corn and WTI crude oil prices:an empirical analysis

This paper investigates the relationship between China’s fuel ethanol promotion plan and food security based on the interactions between the crude oil market, the fuel ethanol market and the grain market. Based on the US West Texas Intermediate(WTI) crude oil spot price and Chinese corn prices from January 2008 to May 2018, this paper applies Granger causality testing and a generalized impulse response function to explore the relationship between world crude oil prices and Chinese corn prices. The results show that crude oil prices are not the Granger cause of China’s corn prices, but changes in world crude oil prices will have a long-term positive impact on Chinese corn prices. Therefore, the Chinese government should pay attention to changes in crude oil prices when promoting fuel ethanol. Considering the conduction e ect between fuel ethanol and the food market, the government should also take some measures to ensure food security.

Enrichment rules and exploration practices of Paleogene shale oil in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

Based on formation testing data of more than 40 wells with industrial oil flow, systematic observation of 1 010.26 m long cores taken from 4 wells and test data of over 10 000 core samples combining with drilling and pilot fracturing data of multiple wells, the geological characteristics of the upper submember of the Sha 4 Member to the lower submember of the Sha 3 Member of Paleogene(Es4s-Es3x) in the Jiyang Depression were investigated to find out factors controlling the enrichment of shale oil and the accumulation model of shale oil, and a comprehensive evaluation method for shale oil sweet spots was established. It is found through the study that the target shale layer is characterized by strong heterogeneity, weak diagenesis, low thermal evolution and high content of clay and carbonate minerals. Shale lithofacies, microcrack, thin interlayer and abnormal pressure are the main factors affecting enrichment and stable production of shale oil, the organic rich laminar shale has the best storage and oil-bearing capacity, microcrack network system improve the storage capacity and permeability of the shale, the thin interlayer is the main flow channel for stable shale oil production, and the abnormal high pressure layer is rich in free state shale oil and high in oil content. The shale oil layers in the target section were divided into three types: matrix, interlayer and fracture ones. According to the occurrence state and exploration practice of shale oil at home and abroad, it is concluded that the interlayer shale oil is the most profitable type at present. The selection parameters for the different types of shale oil were determined, and accordingly the favorable areas were pointed out by comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors. Vertical wells in the interlayer shale oil reservoir, such as Fan 159, Fan 143 and GX 26, were stimulated by volume fracturing and high conductivity channel fracturing jointly. After fracturing, they had a daily oil production of over 6 t, up to 44 t, and stable productivity. Shale oil is expected to become an important replacement energy resource in the Jiyang Depression.

Exploration and development of continental tight oil in China

Based on the investigation of tight oil exploration and development in North America, the successful cases of tight oil exploration and development in North America are summarized. The geological differences between continental tight oil in China and marine tight oil in North America is analyzed to explore the technical strategies for the industrial development of continental tight oil in China. The experiences of large-scale exploration and profitable development of tight oil in North America can be taken as references from the following 6 perspectives, namely exploring new profitable strata in mature exploration areas, strengthening the economic evaluation of sweet spots and focusing on the investment for high-profitability sweet spots, optimizing the producing of tight oil reserves by means of repetitive fracturing and 3 D fracturing, optimizing drilling and completion technologies to reduce the cost, adopting commodity hedging to ensure the sustainable profit, and strengthening other resources exploration to improve the profit of whole project. In light of the high abundance of tight oil in China, we can draw on successful experience from North America, four suggestions are proposed in sight of the geological setting of China's lacustrine tight oil:(1) Evaluating the potential of tight oil resources and optimizing the strategic area for tight oil exploration;(2) selecting "sweet spot zone" and "sweet spot interval" accurately for precise and high efficient development;(3) adopting advanced tight oil fracturing technology to realize economic development;(4) innovating management system to promote the large-scale profitable development of tight oil.

基于核磁共振测井的页岩油产能分析及甜点评价

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油水平井产能差异大,各井产水率区别明显,其主控因素尚不清楚,现有甜点分类标准无法满足该区页岩油精细开发的需要,基于核磁共振测井截止值的含油性及可动性解释难以精细识别页岩油甜点。以核磁共振测井和实验室核磁共振测试为基础,基于分频处理、分流体核磁共振测井孔隙结构表征、弹性能排油模拟等技术,精细表征页岩油层中不同类型流体分布;分别刻画油水赋存孔径,建立可动油量评价模型,对流体赋存、孔径分布、可动油量等进行定量表征;结合单井试油和生产数据,明确水平井产能控制因素。研究表明:大孔轻质组分占比、可动油孔隙度与水平井产能的相关性明显优于孔隙度、含油饱和度和核磁可动油孔隙度;水影响指数则反映地层水对页岩油流动的影响程度,该值越小,相同可动油孔隙度下水平井产能越高、含水率越低。以大孔轻质组分占比、水影响指数和可动油孔隙度为指标,将页岩油油层划分为3类,由Ⅰ类至Ⅲ类油层,日产油量快速减小,含水率明显升高,可作为芦草沟组页岩油甜点精细评价的依据。

Multi-source genesis of continental carbonate-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks and hydrocarbon sweet spots

This paper systematically discusses the multiple source characteristics and formation mechanisms of carbonate-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks through the analysis of material source and rock formation.The hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of carbonate-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks are also summarized.The results show that the main reason for the enrichment of fine-grained carbonate materials in rift lake basins was the supply of multiple material sources,including terrestrial material input,formation of intrabasinal authigenic carbonate,volcanic-hydrothermal material feeding and mixed source.The development of carbonate bedrock in the provenance area controlled the filling scale of carbonate materials in rift lake basins.The volcanic-hydrothermal activity might provide an alkaline fluid to the lake basins to strengthen the material supply for the formation of carbonate crystals.Authigenic carbonate crystals induced by biological processes were the main source of long-term accumulation of fine-grained carbonate materials in the lake basins.Carbonate-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks with multiple features were formed through the interaction of physical,biochemical and chemical processes during the deposition and post-deposition stages.The source and sedimentary origin of the fine-grained carbonate rock controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation in it.In the multi-source system,the types of"sweet spots"of continental shale oil and gas include endogenous type,terrigenous type,volcanic-hydrothermal type and mixed source type.

玛湖凹陷玛页1井风城组页岩油地质甜点优选

玛湖凹陷风城组属于具有物源多、岩性复杂、整体含油、甜点分散等特征的混积型碱湖沉积,为了对页岩油进行高效勘探和开发,需要对页岩油地质甜点优选。以高压压汞、岩石热解等实验结果为基础,对玛页1井风城组储集层及其页岩油可动性等进行评价,构建页岩油地质甜点优选模型,评价页岩油地质甜点垂向分布特征。结果表明:孔隙度、总有机碳含量、脆性矿物含量和游离烃含量与100倍总有机碳含量之差分别是评价风城组储集层储集性能、含油性、脆性和页岩油可动性的参数;利用4个参数构建页岩油地质甜点优选模型,玛页1井风城组一类、二类和三类页岩油地质甜点的页岩油甜点因子分别为大于0.2823、0.0111~0.2823和小于0.0111;玛页1井风城组一类页岩油地质甜点主要分布在风二段上部和风三段,岩性以泥岩和白云质泥岩为主。

陆相湖盆夹层型页岩油甜点分级测井评价方法研究——以鄂尔多斯盆地陕北吴起地区延长组长7段为例

针对夹层型页岩油甜点测井评价难题,提出了从烃源岩品质参数、储层品质参数和二者的空间距离等多角度定量评价其耦合关系,实现了基于试油井资料刻度的夹层型页岩油产能分级和具有工业产能的“甜点”下限标准的确立,其可靠性得到多口井的验证。根据岩心地球化学实验分析数据建立基于测井资料定量计算烃源岩总有机碳含量的区域模型,并参考相关标准确定鄂尔多斯盆地陕北吴起地区延长组长7段有效烃源岩发育段。基于研究区砂岩储层的孔渗曲线计算储层品质因子,在此基础上确定待试油储层段与有效烃源岩的纵向最短距离,最终综合储层品质因子、平均TOC及有效烃源岩厚度等,构建能够反映试油层段与邻近主力烃源岩段耦合关系的源储耦合系数计算公式,根据已知井测试结果标定,在一个油田或一个井区确定能够获得工业油流的甜点段源储耦合系数下限,据此可以对新井待试油层段进行评估,避免无效试油,从而为提高非常规油气试油成功率、优化产能建设提供决策依据。

中国断陷和坳陷湖盆高可容纳空间层序细粒重力流沉积及其页岩油意义

重力流包括粗粒和细粒重力流,是深湖环境最重要的沉积类型之一,其中,细粒重力流能成为非常规页岩油的“甜点段”。研究该沉积在陆相湖盆层序格架中的分布规律,对页岩油“甜点段”的预测具有重要意义。作者通过对中国主要湖盆重力流发育与层序格架的系统对比研究发现,重力流沉积体系主要发育在高可容纳空间沉积层序中。断陷湖盆的低位域(LST)湖底扇近端发育粗粒重力流沉积,远端发育薄层细粒重力流沉积,其分布受沟谷和同沉积构造坡折的控制。水进体系域(TST)发育细粒水道—堤—朵叶体系。高位体系域(HST)发育非限定水道湖底扇,细粒重力流沉积分布在扇的远端。坳陷湖盆的水进体系域(TST)主要发育受洪泛影响的大型细粒水道—堤—朵叶体系,而在湖盆挠曲坡折的较陡斜坡发育细粒湖底扇体系。高位域(HST)及低位域(LST)既可形成细粒湖底扇体系,也可发育细粒的水道—堤—朵叶体系。分布在湖底扇远端和水道—堤—朵叶体系的细粒重力流沉积能形成页岩油的“甜点段”。泥流沉积形成页理型“甜点段”,细粒碎屑流、细粒浊流、细粒异重流和细粒过渡流沉积形成纹层型、层理型“甜点段”,细粒浓缩密度流沉积只形成层理型“甜点段”。细粒重力流沉积是页岩油勘探开发的有利“甜点段”。

陆相页岩油甜点参数测井定量评价方法及应用

中国陆相页岩油储层按照沉积特征及生储组合关系分为夹层型、混积型和泥纹型3种类型,根据不同主控因素和面临的开发难点,可分为复杂构造影响型、储层强非均质型、高黏土难改造型、高黏油难流动型和低含油饱和度型5种类型。不同类型储层高产稳产的主控因素差异性大,甜点纵横向精细刻画、富集规律及展布特征是规模效益开发的关键。通过建立矿物组分、孔隙度、力学及脆性计算模型,结合直井试油和水平井生产动态资料,优选不同类型储层产能主控因素和核心参数,建立甜点分类评价标准,优选储层甜点段。综合分析表明,陆相页岩油优质甜点多为中、高TOC背景下,核磁大孔隙发育、页理缝有效性好(裂缝发育)的油气富集层,并具有良好顶板封盖条件。研究成果已经在多个油田的页岩油水平井靶窗优选和随钻跟踪中得到应用,可为页岩油勘探开发提供理论指导与技术支撑。

苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段页岩油储集空间特征及甜点段评价——以溱潼凹陷QY1井为例

苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段是常规油重点产层,同时也是中国东部陆相页岩油勘探开发的优选层位。对溱潼凹陷QY1井岩心样品进行分析测试表明,该套页岩具有低有机质丰度、较低镜质体反射率(R_(o))、矿物组分均衡及孔隙网络复杂的特点;运用岩石学及地球化学方法等对该页岩油储层的岩相特征、储集空间特征、含油性与可动性、脆性指数与可压性特征等进行研究,指明了生产甜点段。阜二段是一套混积页岩纹层型储层,矿物组成以黏土、长英质和碳酸盐矿物为主,有机碳含量平均值为1.32%,R_(o)为0.9%~1.1%;平均孔隙度中下部为4%,上部为2.2%。根据“有机质丰度+构造特征+岩性”将阜二段页岩划分为6种岩相,其储集性具有明显差异,纹层发育特征的差异是导致不同岩相具有不同储集空间特征的重要原因。除低有机质纹层/层状灰云质页岩外,其他岩相都具有较好的含油性;高有机质层状灰质页岩的有机碳含量最高。纹层数量与油气可动性具有较好的对应性,从中有机质纹层状含灰云页岩到高有机质块状泥岩,平均含油饱和度指数从202.62 mg/g降至77.83 mg/g。高有机质块状泥岩由于存在大量塑性矿物,造缝效果是6种岩相中最差的。中有机质纹层状含灰云页岩是最优岩相,中有机质层状含灰云页岩和中有机质纹层/层状灰云质页岩略差,但也可以作为优势岩相成为勘探开发的重点。根据优势岩相在纵向上的分布,优选阜二段Ⅰ亚段③—⑤小层和Ⅱ亚段②—④小层为该区地质甜点段。

济阳坳陷陆相断陷盆地页岩油开发的几点思考

济阳坳陷是典型陆相断陷盆地,其效益开发对中国页岩油可持续发展具有重要作用。陆相断陷盆地页岩油储层构造复杂、岩相类型多样,流体性质复杂,效益开发难度大。济阳坳陷经过研究评价、试验开发和规模建产3个阶段的探索,取得了重要进展。为此,系统性总结了页岩油优质甜点评价、立体开发优化、高效储层改造、储层补能提高采收率等页岩油开发技术所面临的挑战,提出了工程地质双甜点评价、井网层系组合优化、CO_(2)前置极限射流密切割压裂、注气补能和化学提高采收率等技术措施和效益开发管理模式,初步形成了陆相断陷盆地页岩油开发技术和管理模式体系,对其后续发展方向提出了建议,为陆相断陷盆地页岩油效益开发提供了参考借鉴。

苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段页岩油测井评价研究

如何利用常规测井资料对储层含油性、储集性及可压性进行有效评价,是苏北页岩油规模化开发亟需解决的生产难题。利用常规测井资料与岩心实验资料,采用最优化、拟合、正反演数值模拟等数学手段,建立起总有机碳含量、有效孔隙度、层理缝密度、矿物组分含量等参数的计算模型,对页岩沉积构造和岩相进行分类研究。研究表明:溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段(以下简称阜二段)泥页岩以富有机质层状或纹层状泥岩、富有机质块状泥岩为主,有利岩相为富有机质层状或纹层状泥岩,有利岩相纵向上与非有利岩相交互出现。采用文中所导出的模型识别的“甜点”层段与采用特殊测井分析的层段位置具有良好的一致性,且现场应用效果良好。该方法和技术已应用于苏北盆地页岩油储层地质工程“甜点”段的选定工作,对苏北页岩油效益开发具有重要意义。

基于因子分析的页岩油储层“甜点”预测与主控地质因素分析

为提高页岩油储层“甜点”预测的准确性,针对页岩油产量影响因素众多,且构建页岩油储层“甜点”变化的综合指数困难等问题,开展了页岩油影响因素与产量之间的相关性分析;利用因子分析所构建的主因子进行了页岩油储层“甜点”预测,利用因子分析进行了页岩油储层主控地质因素分析。结果表明:1)短周期统计的产量与孔隙度×饱和度、泥质含量及总有机碳含量等地质“甜点”参数相关性较好,能反应页岩油储层“甜点”的变化;2)利用因子分析构建的2个主因子与页岩油储层“甜点”指数的相关性较好,能反应研究区页岩油储层“甜点”的变化,降低了页岩油储层“甜点”预测的复杂度;3)页岩油储层“甜点”的第1主控地质因素为地层压力异常值,它代表了页岩油生产的地层能量;第2主控地质因素为储层中页岩油的丰度,它代表了页岩油含量;而黏土含量对页岩油产量有着负面的影响。以上成果认识,对页岩油储层的勘探与开发具有一定的指导意义。

鄂尔多斯盆地庆城油田页岩油开发技术探索与实践

为解决鄂尔多斯盆地庆城油田页岩油规模开发中遇到的技术难题,将矿场实践和理论分析相结合开展技术方法探索及认识创新。针对甜点定量预测难题,创建甜点指数(I_(SI)),构建地质品质指数(G_(GQ)),形成多学科三维甜点定量优选技术;针对提高油层钻遇率难题,构建了“四个迭代”的水平井轨迹实时调整技术;针对多油层叠合储量动用难题,建立4种差异化布井模式,形成页岩油水平井一次动用立体布井技术;针对页岩油单井产量递减快,含水下降慢的问题,形成页岩油水平井差异化闷、排、采技术。通过应用以上技术,庆城油田实现年均增长产油量50×10^(4)t,2023年产油量超过200×10^(4)t。庆城油田实现规模效益开发,坚定了国内陆相页岩油规模效益开发的信心,研究成果可为国内外同类页岩油开发提供借鉴。

中国东部陆相断陷盆地页岩油开发理论认识与技术实践——以济阳页岩油为例

以济阳页岩油为代表的中国东部陆相断陷盆地页岩油取得产能突破,但埋藏深、厚度大、成熟度低,地层温度高、压力大,原油流动能力差的特点,使其实现高产稳产面临巨大挑战。基于万米岩心及90余口水平井生产实践,深化发展了“储-缝-压”三元储渗理论,以此为指导形成了页岩油开发甜点立体评价、立体开发优化设计、立体均衡压裂等济阳页岩油开发关键技术体系。理论研究和实践表明:孔隙和多尺度、多类型发育的微缝组成“双储”系统,控制着储集空间及油气富集规律,是高产稳产的物质基础;支撑缝与激活缝耦合形成跨纳米-厘米尺度的“双缝”系统,具有梯级启动特征,是高产稳产的渗流路径;地层保压性好的前提下,压裂增能可有效提高孔缝的渗流能力、增加渗吸置换效率,同时精细控压实现能场协同耦合,可进一步释放页岩油藏产能,保压增压“双压”协同是高产稳产的能量保障;以三元储渗理论为指导形成的开发关键技术体系为多洼陷多层系产能突破提供了有效的技术支撑,对促进中国东部陆相断陷盆地页岩油规模效益开发具有重要意义。

中国石油陆上中-高成熟度页岩油勘探现状、进展与未来思考

中国石油天然气集团公司(简称中国石油)矿权区陆相页岩油地质资源丰富,“十三五”资源评价,中国石油陆上中-高熟页岩油(简称页岩油)地质资源量201×108t,占中国页岩油地质资源总量的71%。鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段、松辽盆地青山口组和准噶尔盆地芦草沟组等重点层系的产量显著增长,中国石油页岩油年产量从2010年的2.5×10^(4)t增至2023年的391.6×10^(4)t,勘探潜力巨大。研究表明:近年来由于陆相不同类型页岩油具有地质特征非均质性强、富集高产因素明显差异的特点,其效益勘探存在地质认识与勘探技术的双重挑战。特别是:(1)夹层型页岩油虽在鄂尔多斯盆地长71+2亚段(延长组7段1+2亚段)实现规模勘探,但勘探靶体钻遇率变化大,深湖区细粒沉积体系研究薄弱,靶体空间展布刻画技术的准确性仍需提升;(2)混积型页岩油地层垂向厚度大、岩性频繁变化、发育多套地质甜点,在柴达木盆地、渤海湾盆地虽然实现了勘探突破,但垂向地质甜点产量差异明显,页岩油高产主控因素不清,主力靶体评价优选技术、方法仍需完善;(3)页岩型页岩油在松辽盆地青山口组实现了古龙页岩油勘探突破,但陆相湖盆不同类型页岩生、排烃差异明显,页岩原位滞留烃特征变化大,地质-工程一体化靶体评价技术、方法仍需深化研究。总体上中国石油页岩油勘探开发仍处于快速推进阶段,未来应:(1)加强淡水湖盆深湖区多类型砂体成因机制研究,实现薄层浊积砂体等夹层型页岩油效益勘探;(2)加强咸化湖盆富碳酸盐混积型页岩油源-储组合评价,优选主体靶体实现混积型页岩油高效勘探;(3)加强淡水、咸化湖盆优质源岩生、排烃差异性评价,优选最佳靶体,实现不同湖盆页岩型页岩油地质-工程一体化精细勘探。