Ploidy and fruit trait variation in oil-tea Camellia:Implications for ploidy breeding

Plant polyploidy often occurs in conjunction with higher yield and superior quality.Therefore,obtaining polyploid germplasms is a significant part of breeding.The oil-tea Camellia tree is an important native woody plant that produces high-quality edible oil and includes many species of Camellia with different ploidies.However,whether higher ploidy levels in oil-tea Camellia trees are related to better traits remains unclear.In this study,the ploidy levels of 30 different oil-tea Camellia strains in three different species in the Sect.Paracamellia were determined by flow cytometry and chromosome preparation,and the phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid compositions of the fruits were examined by field observations and laboratory analyses.The correlations between the ploidy level of oil-tea Camellia and the main traits of the fruit were investigated.Our results showed that 10 Camellia lanceoleosa strains were diploid,10 Camellia meiocarpa strains were tetraploid and 10 Camellia oleifera strains were hexaploid.Hexaploid C.oleifera had larger fruit size and weight,more seeds per fruit,greater seed weight per fruit,higher oil content and greater yield per crown width than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their fruit peel thickness and fresh seed rate were significantly lower,and these traits were significantly correlated with ploidy level.In addition,in terms of fatty acid composition,hexaploid C.oleifera had a higher oleic acid content than tetraploid C.meiocarpa and diploid C.lanceoleosa,but their linoleic acid,linolenic acid and arachidonic acid contents were lower.The contents of palmitic acid,stearic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids were not significantly correlated with ploidy level.In conclusion,certain correlations exist between the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit and the ploidy level,and increasing the ploidy level led to an increase in fruit yield with no effect on oil composition.The discovery of variations in the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit with different ploidies will facilitate germplasm innovation and lay a foundation for ploidy breeding and mechanistic research on fruit traits.

Synthesis and Characterization of Phenyl Camellia oleifera Seed Oil Ester Plasticizing PVC

Plasticizers are essential additives in the processing of polyvinyl chloride(PVC),with phthalate plasticizers being widely used.However,these conventional plasticizers have been shown to be harmful to human health and environmentally unfriendly,necessitating the exploration of eco-friendly bio-based alternatives.In this study,Camellia oleifera seed oil,a specialty resource in China,was utilized as a raw material and reacted with 4,4′-Methylenebis(N,N-diglycidylaniline)(AG-80)to synthesize Phenyl Camellia seed Oil Ester(PCSOE).PCSOE was employed as a plasticizer to prepare modified PVC films with varying concentrations,with the conventional plasticizer dioctyl phthalate(DOP)serving as a control.Experimental results demonstrate that PSCOE-plasticized PVC films exhibit enhanced hydrophilicity,tensile strength,and thermal stability compared to DOP-modified PVC films.The contact angle of PSCOE-plasticized PVC films ranges from 66.26°to 78.48°,which is generally lower than the contact angle of DOP-modified PVC films at 78.40°,indicating improved hydrophilicity due to the modification with PCSOE.The tensile strength of PSCOE-plasticized PVC films ranges from 17.73 to 20.17 MPa,all surpassing the value of 16.41 MPa for DOP-modified PVC films.Moreover,the temperatures corresponding to 5%,10%,and 50%weight loss for PVC samples modified with PCSOE are higher than those for DOP.Hence,PCSOE presents a viable alternative to DOP as a plasticizer for PVC materials.

Estimating the Age of Oil-tea Camellia Trees

To determine the age of oil-tea camellia trees, regression equations including Logistic, Mitscherlich, Gompertz, Korf, and Richards were used to calculate accumulative growth rate using basal trunk disc and investigate the relations between the age of oil-tea camellia trees and their growth rate of secondary trunk. The Gompertz equation Y=71.296 1exp （-3.874 4exp （-0.006 4t）） was the most optimal equation to simulate the accumulative growth rate of basal trunk disc. This equation could be used to estimate the age of oil-tea camellia trees that grow under similar environmental conditions. The Korf equation Y=576.900 1exp （-4.153 0x -0.314 2 ） was the best equation to describe the relation between the age and growth rate of different secondary trunks. With the adjustment coefficient and average growth of different secondary trunk discs, it is possible to predict the age of ancient oil-tea camellia trees that grow under similar environmental conditions. In addition, taking three or more discs from the same diameter group and calculating their average growth rate could lead to more accurate results. For trees that grow in different areas, environmental conditions should be carefully considered when using the above two equations to predict the age of ancient oil-tea camellia trees.

Plasticizing Effect of Camellia oleifera Seed-Oil-Based Plasticizer on PVC Material Modification

In this study,as the plasticizer,Camellia oleifera seed-oil-based cyclohexyl ester(COSOCE)was prepared by the reaction of cyclohexene oxide and refined C.oleifera seed oil(RCOSO)obtained by acidification hydrolysis after saponification.In addition,the structure of the target product was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy,and Raman spectroscopy.COSOCE was used as plasticizer-modified polyvinyl chloride(PVC)membranes.The structure of the COSOCE-modified PVC membranes were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The properties of the COSOCE-modified PVC membrane were characterized by contact angle measurements,universal testing machine,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The results revealed that(1)The COSOCE-modified PVC membranes exhibit a good microscopic morphology.Combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)and contact angle measurement results,the COSOCE-modified PVC membranes are confirmed to be a hydrophilic material.(2)The modified PVC membrane with 60%COSOCE exhibited the best mechanical properties.The tensile strength reached 23.56±2.94 MPa.(3)COSOCE-modified PVC material exhibited better thermal stability,with a loss rate of less than 75%at the end of the first decomposition stage.Compared with that of the dioctyl-phthalate(DOP)-modified PVC membrane,the initial decomposition temperature of PVC was increased by 1.17°C–8.17°C,and the residual rate was increased by 0.67%–5.75%.The carbon–carbon double bond in the COSOCE molecular structure can remove the free radicals generated during the degradation of PVC material and slow down the decomposition rate of PVC.In addition,the double bond can be cross-linked partially with the PVC molecular chain containing the conjugated polyene structure,thereby increasing the movement resistance of the PVC molecular chain segment.Hence,COSOCE can replace DOP as a PVC plasticizer.

Processing technology of Camellia oleifera seed

Camellia oleifera industry plays a key role in the safety of edible oils in China,and its seed has great potential for comprehensive utilization.This review mainly introduced processing technology of Camellia seed,which included pretreatment,extraction,and high value utilization.The comprehensive utilization and nutritional value of Camellia seed were discussed.Microwave is the best pretreatment method,and shelling technology can improve oil yield.Cold pressing technology was widely accepted and aqueous enzymatic method had wide prospects.Comprehensive utilization technology of Camellia oleifera cake mainly focused on saponin extracting.In the future,processing technology of Camellia seed will be further developed in the direction of improving comprehensive utilization rate to meet new consumption demand.

对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机的设计与试验

针对现有油茶果籽壳清选机清选效果不佳、茶籽损伤率高问题,设计了一种采用齿光辊清选原理的对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机。同时,对油茶籽、壳的物理特性进行了研究,对清选装置辊组排布方式、齿光辊组数、清选关键部件齿辊齿形和直径分别进行了设计,分析了清选状态时油茶壳受力情况。为验证对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机是否达到了预期设计目标,设计了三因素三水平正交试验,选取清选间隙、辊轴转速、喂入量为试验因素,以茶籽破碎率和清选率为评价指标,对清选机进行现场试验。结果表明:清选间隙为3.13 mm、轴辊转速为298.25 r/min、喂入量为1.51 t/h时,对辊式油茶果籽壳清选机获得最佳清选效果,此时茶籽破损率为3.30%,清选率为96.79%。

Anti-Hypertensive Effects of Blended <i>Camellia oleifera</i>Abel Oil and Eucommia Extract on SHR Mice

In our study, we employed Camellia seed oil as the main ingredients blended with Eucommia Extract to investigate the effects of anti-hypertensive on mice by administrating mice with low dose, middle dose and high dose of Camellia seed oil complex for 4 weeks. The specific tests of studying effects of anti-hypertensive were body weight, blood systolic pressure (BSP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pm meam blood pressure (MBP) and heart rate (HR). And the results showed that appropriate level of Camellia seed oil complex could decrease the body weight and had an active effect on the cardiovascular system of mice, which significantly embodied the anti-hypertensive activity of Camellia seed oil complex.

New Process for Extracting Oil and Starch from Tea Seeds

A new process for extracting oil and starch from tea seed was introduced. The new process included one special link compared with all of the processes used now for tea seed oil and starch production. The link was static fermentation by which oil bodies and starch were separated naturally from tea seeds. By the process, tea seed oil and starch which were in conformity with government standards about edible oil and starch were successfully produced with 16% and 8% of production rate, respectively. The new process has many advantages, such as more simple equipments, lower production cost and whole natural products, etc..

Physicochemical Properties and Functional Compounds of Commercial Green Tea Seed Oil

Physicochemical properties of green tea seed oil including cold test,color,flash point,gravity,refraction index,moisture content,acid value,iodine value,unsaponifiable matter and saponification value were investigated.Fatty acid composition and catechin content of the oil was determined by GC and HPLC analysis.The oil is stable at low temperature.High flash point(267.8 ± 5.1℃) showed the high thermal stability of green tea seed oil as well,which support for suitability to use as cooking oil.Specific gravity and refraction index of green tea seed oil was found as 0.913 and 1.4679,respectively.Color of the oil was measured as 99.7 ± 0.2 for lightness,1.9 ± 0.1 for greenness and 6.6 ± 0.1 for yellowness.Acid value(KOH mg/ml),iodine value,unsaponifiable matter(%) and saponification value of green tea seed oil were 0.21,104.1,0.11 and 215,respectively.Fatty acids compositions of green tea seed oil was found to be dominated by oleic acid(81.3%) and presence of minor amount of linoleic acid(4.8%),palmitic acid(4.6%),palmitoleic acid(3.3%),linolenic acid(3.2%) and stearic acid(1.0%).The presence of antioxidative compounds such as(-)-epicatechingallate(207.2 ± 0.2 g /g) and(-)-epigallocatechin gallate(99.5 ± 0.6 g/g) in the oil could enhance its shelf life during storage.

油茶籽粕发酵菌株的筛选鉴定及发酵产物特性分析

油茶行业的迅速发展导致油茶籽粕废弃物的大量产生,其落后的处理方式造成了严重的资源浪费,制约了我国油茶行业的可持续发展。油茶籽粕中富含有机质,利用微生物发酵法降解其中的纤维素、木质素及茶皂素等生物大分子来制备有机肥是实现油茶籽粕合理资源化利用的有效途径。通过筛选获得3株针对油茶籽粕中纤维素和木质素的高效降解菌,包括1株真菌X1-1,属于Pleurostomarichardsiae,以及2株细菌M4-2和M5-2,分别为蒙氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas monteilii)和类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus sp)属,可有效降低发酵产物中茶皂素的含量,实现油茶籽粕的无害化处理。实验结果显示,经菌株X1-1、M4-2和M5-2发酵处理28 d后,油茶籽粕中纤维素含量的降解率分别为29.74%、19.65%和13.19%,木质素含量的降解率分别为12.84%、17.85%和26.39%,茶皂素含量的降解率分别为34.06%、45.05%和46.15%;且发酵后的油茶籽粕腐熟度、有机质含量和养分含量等指标均符合有机肥标准。研究结果拓展了油茶籽粕的资源化利用途径,同时为木质素和纤维素的高效降解提供了良好的菌种资源。

不同油茶品系果实、种子及砧木性状差异及其相关性分析

【目的】研究不同油茶品系间果实性状、种子性状及砧木性状的差异,并对果实、种子及砧木性状各指标间的相关关系进行分析,为油茶优良砧木的选育研究提供理论依据。【方法】测定不同油茶品系果实性状、种子性状及砧木性状18项指标,通过单因素方差分析研究不同油茶品系间的果实、种子及砧木性状的差异,筛选出综合表现较好的油茶品系;运用相关分析得出18项指标间的相关关系,选出与砧木性状相关性较强的指标。【结果】不同油茶品系间单果质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果实纵横比、果皮厚、果实籽数及籽质量均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系单果质量为15.71~35.99 g,果实纵径为29.81~40.17 mm,果实横径为29.06~39.99mm,果形指数为0.85~1.28,果皮厚为1.85~4.19mm,果实籽数为2.20~9.67粒。不同油茶品系间单种质量、种纵径、种横径、种侧径、纵横比、横侧比、纵侧比均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系单种质量为1.07~4.26 g,种子纵径为16.98~27.40 mm,种子横径为13.17~23.12 mm,种侧径为9.00~16.93 mm。不同油茶品系间上胚轴长、下胚轴长、上胚轴粗、下胚轴粗均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系上胚轴长为5.38~9.08 cm,上胚轴粗为1.72~2.97 mm,下胚轴长为14.35~23.97 cm,下胚轴粗为1.80~3.14 mm。砧木性状中上胚轴长与果实横径、单种质量、种侧径及果实纵径的相关性较大,下胚轴长与种纵径、种侧径、果实纵径及果实籽数的相关性较大,上胚轴粗与单果质量、果实纵径、单种质量、种纵径、种横径、种侧径均呈极显著正相关,下胚轴粗与果实纵横比、果实纵径呈显著正相关。【结论】综合果实、种子及砧木性状各指标筛选出适合作优良砧木的油茶品系为赣无2、赣石83-4、长林53号、GLS赣州油1号。砧木性状中4个指标均与果实纵径呈极显著、显著正相关或相关性较大,故可从以上4个适合作优良砧木的油茶品系中选择果实纵径相对较大的果实进行砧木培育。

基于反射光谱的油茶籽油掺伪量快速测定及特征波长特性研究

为了探索紫外-可见-近红外反射光谱测定油茶籽油掺伪量的方法,按照不同掺伪比例制备了244个油茶籽油掺伪大豆油、菜籽油、花生油、玉米油的样本,以自主搭建的实验平台采集所制备样本在200~1100 nm范围内的反射光谱。将原始光谱进行Savitzky-Golay(SG)-连续小波变换(CWT)预处理后,利用Kennard-Stone(K-S)算法以2∶1的比例将样本划分成校正集和预测集。采用竞争性自适应重加权算法(CARS)、连续投影算法(SPA)、自主软收缩算法(BOSS)、迭代变量子集优化算法(IVSO)进行特征波长选择,分别建立基于支持向量机(SVM)、极限学习机(ELM)、随机森林(RF)的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型,同时对特征波长的特性进行了研究。结果表明:原始光谱经过SG-CWT(L5)预处理和BOSS特征波长筛选后,建立的基于SVM的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型能够鉴别掺伪量为1%及以上的油茶籽油,该模型在十折交叉验证和网格搜索法下得到最佳惩罚因子(c)和核函数(γ)分别为5.2780和0.1088,其预测决定系数(R_(P)^(2))、预测均方根误差(RMSE_P)、预测平均绝对误差(MAE_(P))分别为0.9985、0.0134、0.0102。特征波长聚集程度和陡度对模型预测结果存在一定影响。综上,建立的基于反射光谱的油茶籽油掺伪量快速预测模型预测误差小,预测效果较好。

湖南省主要品种油茶籽油的营养品质研究

我国长江流域及以南地区,都是油茶种植的最佳地区,以湖南省种植面积为最多。为探究湖南不同油茶的生产适应性,分析湖南不同油茶品种的差异性,研究不同品种对油茶籽油品质的影响,包括湖南省6个全国主推品种:华鑫、华金、华硕、湘林210、湘林1号和湘林27号,还有其他主要种植品种,如衡东大桃系列、湘林系列、和湘林97号。该研究对不同品种油茶籽油的脂肪酸组成与活性物质含量进行分析检测,应用聚类分析和主成分分析方法综合评价。结果显示,油茶籽油主要脂肪酸为油酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸;不饱和脂肪酸含量超过88%。油茶籽油中甾醇总含量为583.35~1623.79 mg/kg,主要组分为Δ7-豆甾烯醇和β-谷甾醇,占甾醇总量85%以上。油茶籽油中生育酚以α-生育酚为主,占总生育酚80%以上。油茶籽油的角鲨烯含量为70.49~304.32 mg/kg。油茶籽油中多酚含量为3.37~19.14 mg/kg。聚类分析将油茶籽油样品分为5类,主成分分析结果表明,Y15华硕油茶籽油综合评分最高。

基于气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术分析不同预处理技术对压榨山茶油风味的影响

旨在提升山茶油风味品质,采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)技术分析微波、烘烤、蒸制3种预处理技术对压榨山茶油中挥发性成分的影响,并结合正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLSDA)、相对气味活度值(ROAV)和聚类分析比较不同预处理压榨山茶油挥发性成分的差异。结果表明:不同预处理压榨山茶油中共鉴定出40种挥发性成分,其中醛类18种(40.02%~51.88%)、醇类9种(10.99%~19.85%)、酮类6种(19.37%~27.35%)、酯类3种(4.21%~11.44%)、吡嗪类2种(1.25%~6.50%)、烃类1种(0.19%~0.32%)和酸类1种(0.35%~2.16%),其中微波预处理压榨山茶油的挥发性物质含量最高,其次为烘烤、蒸制的;OPLS-DA建立的模型能够有效地区分不同预处理压榨山茶油,并根据变量投影重要性(VIP)值大于1筛选出了10种特征挥发性成分,分别是2-甲基丁醛D、3-甲基丁醛D、2,3-戊二酮、乙酸甲酯、2-甲基吡嗪、丙酮、3-羟基-2-丁酮、顺-2-庚烯醛、正己醇、1-丁醇,其中前5种为关键风味成分(ROAV大于1);聚类分析表明不同预处理压榨山茶油的10种特征挥发性成分存在差异,分类结果与OPLS-DA分类基本一致。综上,不同预处理技术所得压榨山茶油的风味不同,可通过OPLS-DA和聚类分析进行区分。

油茶饼粕抗氧化肽的鉴定及其稳定性

为提高油茶饼粕的附加值,采用复合蛋白酶酶解油茶饼粕蛋白,酶解产物通过超滤、凝胶层析分离纯化,LC-MS/MS序列鉴定结合PeptideRanker数据库筛选,获得具有较高抗氧化活性的肽段。探究不同温度、pH值、金属离子以及体外模拟胃肠道消化对抗氧化肽活性的影响。结果表明:酶解产物经超滤和Sephadex G-25凝胶柱逐级分离后,得到4个组分(F1~F4),F4组分的ABTS和DPPH自由基清除率最高,分别为(67.56±0.32)%和(52.40±1.64)%。经氨基酸序列鉴定、PeptideRanker预测与活性验证,得到3条抗氧化肽,分别为LCDQCPPHA(LC-9)、ATNPPCCQP(AT-9)、TSCSSPSYPFQ(TS-11)。AT-9和LC-9具有较好的热稳定性,且在pH 3~9范围,ABTS和DPPH自由基清除活性均未发生显著改变。5种金属离子中,Cu2+对3条肽活性的影响最为显著,当Cu^(2+)浓度为2 mmol/L时,LC-9的ABTS和DPPH清除活性保持率分别为(23.47±0.61)%和(44.57±0.58)%。此外,经体外模拟胃肠道消化后,AT-9的抗氧化活性保持率最高,ABTS和DPPH清除活性保持率均高于90%。3条肽中AT-9具有较强的抗氧化活性和良好的稳定性,可应用于食品领域。

油茶籽壳多糖超声辅助提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性分析

旨在为开发利用油茶籽壳多糖提供基础,以油茶籽壳为原料,通过单因素试验结合响应面法对超声辅助提取多糖的工艺条件进行优化,并对超声辅助提取油茶籽壳多糖(CFP-U)的理化性质(分子质量、单糖组成、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外光谱、微观结构)和体外抗氧化活性(羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和ABTS+自由基清除率)进行了测定。结果表明:CFP-U的最优超声辅助提取工艺条件为超声时间20min、超声功率650W、液料比40∶1,在此条件下油茶籽壳多糖的得率为(3.28±0.06)%;高效凝胶渗透色谱分析表明,CFP-U的纯度较高,分子质量为91.6kDa;高效液相色谱分析表明,CFP-U的单糖由平均摩尔比为0.05∶0.14∶0.05∶1.00∶0.05∶0.30∶0.35∶0.41的甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖和岩藻糖构成;红外光谱表明,CFP-U存在α-糖苷键、β-糖苷键和吡喃糖环;紫外全波长扫描表明,CFP-U中基本不含蛋白质;扫描电子显微镜观察发现,CFP-U呈不规则形态,为片状结构,表面光滑;体外抗氧化活性测定表明CFP-U能有效清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和ABTS+自由基,并在一定浓度范围内呈剂量效应关系,且抗氧化活性优于传统热水法提取的油茶籽壳多糖。综上,采用超声辅助法可以有效提取油茶籽壳多糖,且油茶籽壳多糖具有较强的体外抗氧化能力。

油茶籽油品质性状研究进展

油茶籽油的品质和质量是衡量油茶品质的关键标准之一。目前,油茶籽油品质高低的评价指标主要集中在理化性质、脂肪酸组成及功能性营养成分等方面。其中不饱和脂肪酸总量、角鲨烯、维生素E的含量以及酸值、过氧化值等是评价油茶籽油品质的重要依据之一。随着油茶籽油品质性状的比较研究逐渐增多,对于这些性状合成相关基因的集中研究显得不够深入,并且大多数基因之间的相互作用机制尚未清楚。为进一步了解品质性状对油茶良种选育的影响,为选育高品质油茶品种提供参考,本文综述了油茶籽油脂肪酸组成及生物活性成分等品质性状的研究,并探讨了影响品质性状的因素。同时,分析了脂肪酸和功能性营养成分合成代谢相关基因的深层次分子研究进展,对开发油茶重要品质性状关联的分子标记具有指导意义。

不同加工方式的油茶籽油对变应性接触性皮炎的抗炎效果

为了明确不同加工方式的油茶籽油对变应性接触性皮炎(ACD)的治疗效果,并探究油茶籽油中的主要抗炎物质,分别制备低温压榨油茶籽油、热榨油茶籽原油、热榨精炼油茶籽油、土榨油茶籽油和超临界CO_(2)油茶籽油,分析不同加工方式及添加不同活性物质的油茶籽油对ACD模型小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响,并结合ELISA法、HE染色和免疫组化探究其对小鼠炎症的抑制效果。结果表明:超临界CO_(2)油茶籽油对ACD小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制率最高,与阳性对照组相比其小鼠血清中炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6含量降低率超过10%,炎症细胞浸润程度明显好转,耳廓肿胀组织中NF-κB阳性表达量与阴性对照组相比无显著差异;预防性给药的抗炎效果普遍低于造模后给药;倍数添加角鲨烯和生育酚的油茶籽油对ACD小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制率显著提高,在50%左右,且角鲨烯、生育酚处理组小鼠耳廓组织中NF-κB阳性表达量与阴性对照组无显著差异。因此,外用超临界CO_(2)萃取的油茶籽油治疗小鼠ACD效果最佳,其抗炎效果并非源于单一活性成分,与角鲨烯和生育酚等活性成分均密切相关。

基于电子鼻与HS-SPME-GC-MS技术的武夷茶区3种茶叶籽油挥发性香气成分的比较分析

以武夷茶区3种茶叶籽油为研究对象,首先采用定量描述分析法(QDA)对3种茶叶籽油的感官属性进行了分析,然后利用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)结合电子鼻(E-nose)对其挥发性香气成分进行了区分和比较。结果表明,不同品种茶叶籽油在多个感官属性上差异明显,E-nose可有效区分3种茶叶籽油,GC-MS在3种茶叶籽油中共检测出52种挥发性香气成分,并采用香气活力值(OAV)确定了3种茶叶籽油的关键香气物质,3种茶叶籽油香气成分和关键香气物质的组成、含量各不相同。研究结果可为不同品种茶叶籽油的品种鉴别提供一定的理论依据。

油茶籽油滤饼提取物抗氧化能力的初步研究

本研究以热风烘干和自然晒干处理的油茶籽压榨所得茶油过滤滤饼(H-CFC、NH-CFC)为材料,分别采用甲醇提取、酸水解和碱水解等方法对滤饼的总酚和抗氧化能力进行了初步分析。结果表明,直接添加质量分数1%H-CFC可以显著增加热风烘干油茶籽过滤油(H-CSO)的氧化诱导时间,直接添加NH-CFC对自然晒干油茶籽过滤油(NH-CSO)的氧化诱导时间无显著影响。H-CFC和NH-CFC的甲醇提取物总酚含量分别是油中的339.5倍和234.5倍。H-CFC甲醇提取物的总酚含量、DPPH清除能力、ABTS清除能力和FRAP还原能力分别是NH-CFC的1.45倍、1.75倍、1.19倍、1.97倍。酸水解H-CFC提取物的总酚含量、DPPH清除能力、ABTS清除能力和FRAP还原能力分别是碱水解样品的1.27倍、4.91倍、2.93倍和5.67倍;酸水解NH-CFC提取物的总酚含量、DPPH清除能力、ABTS清除能力和FRAP还原能力分别是碱水解的1.67倍、2.61倍、11.50倍和3.47倍。油茶籽油滤饼可以考虑作为优良的天然抗氧化剂来源。