A peculiar term appears in five Old English poems.The term is“reordberend,”which translates to“speech-bearers”in modern English.The reordberend are described in Dream of the Rood,Daniel,Andreas,the Christ poems,an...A peculiar term appears in five Old English poems.The term is“reordberend,”which translates to“speech-bearers”in modern English.The reordberend are described in Dream of the Rood,Daniel,Andreas,the Christ poems,and Elene.Speech is the defining characteristic of humanity in these poems,an intrinsic part of what it is to be human.However,objects also speak in Old English poetry and therefore,the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulating sounds is not a skill that belongs exclusively to humankind.Silence often surrounds the reordberend despite the significance of speech in each poem.The reordberend bear speech as an ability,as the potential to carry out speech in the future;this is quite different from actively speaking.The lack of conversation from the speech-bearers is ironic and paradoxical.Considering how speech occupies each poem and examining the moments in which the reordberend appear in apocalyptic and prophetic Anglo-Saxon poetry reveals a complicated message concerning humanity’s ability to participate in God’s activity in the world.展开更多
The focus of this paper is on the early influences of wars upon English vocabulary.Here early influence refers to the influences during the Old English and Middle English period.In the old English period,the great inf...The focus of this paper is on the early influences of wars upon English vocabulary.Here early influence refers to the influences during the Old English and Middle English period.In the old English period,the great influence came from Scandinavian Invasions,while in the Middle English period,Norman Conquest exerted the greatest impact on English vocabulary.展开更多
English phrasal verb originated from Old English,and originally produced in Anglo-Saxon.It evoluted and developed through different historical stages from Old English,Middle English to Early Modern English,and it has ...English phrasal verb originated from Old English,and originally produced in Anglo-Saxon.It evoluted and developed through different historical stages from Old English,Middle English to Early Modern English,and it has now become a very active and rapidly developing part of Contemporary English.A study on the historical development and the syntactic test methods of phrasal verbs can make us fully distinguish the relations and differences between English phrasal verbs,prepositional verbs and Prepositional phrase verbs.It is easy to grasp the usage of English phrasal verb after understanding the word formation characteristics.展开更多
This paper analyzes the violent relationships in Beowulf（2008） based on the application of Rene Girard＇s theories of acquisitive mimesis. However, normal applications of Girard＇s work can be problematic with this ...This paper analyzes the violent relationships in Beowulf（2008） based on the application of Rene Girard＇s theories of acquisitive mimesis. However, normal applications of Girard＇s work can be problematic with this text, because reading mimetic conflict in Beowulf as focused on a single object of desire does not adequately explain the relationships between Grendel and his enemies. Normal applications of acquisitive mimesis are limited in this poem, because agent and model do not often have the same desires, and thus this paper proposes a corollary to Girard＇s theories： If we allow for two objects of desire in the rivalry--primary and secondary desires--we can account for the motivations of all mimetic rivals and acquisitive mimesis has a richer and more sustained application to this poem展开更多
文摘A peculiar term appears in five Old English poems.The term is“reordberend,”which translates to“speech-bearers”in modern English.The reordberend are described in Dream of the Rood,Daniel,Andreas,the Christ poems,and Elene.Speech is the defining characteristic of humanity in these poems,an intrinsic part of what it is to be human.However,objects also speak in Old English poetry and therefore,the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulating sounds is not a skill that belongs exclusively to humankind.Silence often surrounds the reordberend despite the significance of speech in each poem.The reordberend bear speech as an ability,as the potential to carry out speech in the future;this is quite different from actively speaking.The lack of conversation from the speech-bearers is ironic and paradoxical.Considering how speech occupies each poem and examining the moments in which the reordberend appear in apocalyptic and prophetic Anglo-Saxon poetry reveals a complicated message concerning humanity’s ability to participate in God’s activity in the world.
文摘The focus of this paper is on the early influences of wars upon English vocabulary.Here early influence refers to the influences during the Old English and Middle English period.In the old English period,the great influence came from Scandinavian Invasions,while in the Middle English period,Norman Conquest exerted the greatest impact on English vocabulary.
文摘English phrasal verb originated from Old English,and originally produced in Anglo-Saxon.It evoluted and developed through different historical stages from Old English,Middle English to Early Modern English,and it has now become a very active and rapidly developing part of Contemporary English.A study on the historical development and the syntactic test methods of phrasal verbs can make us fully distinguish the relations and differences between English phrasal verbs,prepositional verbs and Prepositional phrase verbs.It is easy to grasp the usage of English phrasal verb after understanding the word formation characteristics.
文摘This paper analyzes the violent relationships in Beowulf（2008） based on the application of Rene Girard＇s theories of acquisitive mimesis. However, normal applications of Girard＇s work can be problematic with this text, because reading mimetic conflict in Beowulf as focused on a single object of desire does not adequately explain the relationships between Grendel and his enemies. Normal applications of acquisitive mimesis are limited in this poem, because agent and model do not often have the same desires, and thus this paper proposes a corollary to Girard＇s theories： If we allow for two objects of desire in the rivalry--primary and secondary desires--we can account for the motivations of all mimetic rivals and acquisitive mimesis has a richer and more sustained application to this poem
