Research on the Renovation of Traditional Villages Based on Postmodernism

Traditional village as a part of cultural heritage shows unique historical,cultural and architectural characteristics.With the accelerating urbanization,ecological environment of traditional villages has been threatened,local cultures have degraded,even all traditional villages have shown similar images,thus effective protection and update is urgently needed.Based on the background and characteristics of postmodernist design,this study explored problems in the renovation of traditional villages,analyzed the renovation cases of some traditional villages and then concluded the scientific renovation strategies,so as to provide references for the future renovation design of traditional villages.

Research on the Index System of Old Neighborhood Renovation Based on Green Building Evaluation Standard

With the advancement of the transformation,the contradiction between the residents’demand for a better living environment and the convenience of living in the settlements comes to the fore.Effective identification,organic integration,timely adoption,and correct decision-making for the transformation of old neighborhoods are pressing issues in the transformation of old neighborhoods.Therefore,this paper takes the green building evaluation standards of various countries as the research basis and support for the construction of the transformation strategy of old neighborhoods.Through the collection and comparative analysis of the indicators of green building evaluation standards,the index system of transformation is formed,and it also provides a certain foundation for the subsequent related research.

An Extended Fuzzy-DEMATEL System for Factor Analyses on Social Capital Selection in the Renovation of Old Residential Communities

China has been promoting the renovation of old residential communities vigorously.Due to the financial pressure of the government and the sustainability of the renovation of old residential communities,public-private partnerships(PPP)have already gained attention.The selection of social capital is key to improving the efficiency of the PPP model in renovating old residential communities.In order to determine the influencing factors of social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities,this paper aims to find an effective approach and analyze these factors.In this paper,a fuzzy decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory(fuzzy-DEMATEL)technique is extended and amore suitable systemis developed for the selection of social capital using the existing group decisionmaking theory.In the first stage,grounded theory is used to extract the unabridged key influencing factors for social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities.Secondly,by considering the impact of expert weights,the key influencing factors are identified.The interactions within these influencing factors are discussed and the credibility of the results is verified by sensitivity analysis.Finally,these key influencing factors are sorted by importance.Based on the results,the government should focus on a technical level,organizationalmanagement abilities,corporate reputation,credit status,etc.This study provides the government with a theoretical basis and a methodology for evaluating social capital selection.

Multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system and implementation strategy for energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings

The core of the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market lies in the exploration of the implementation mechanism of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization.The multi-agent and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework is a powerful tool to guide the scientific decision-making of the market core structural entities in the future market practice. This paper analyzes the practical dilemma of energy-saving renovation of theexisting residential buildings in China, summarizes the practical experience of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization of energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings in foreign countries, and puts forward beneficial practical enlightenment on the basis of comparison at home and abroad;The design principles of the target integrated optimization system have established a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework for the energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings, from six aspects: government guidance, trust consensus, value co-creation, risk sharing, revenue sharing, and social responsibility sharing. This paper proposes a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated practice strategy, in order to promote the efficient and orderly development of China's existing residential building energy-saving renovation market.

Research on Technical Solutions to Renovate the Reinforced Concrete Constructions in Vietnam

During the use of constructions, they will be degraded. Due to the negative impact on structures such as increase in vertical load, horizontal windy load needs to evaluate the current state of the constructions before renovating, especially the current state of the main structural system whether necessary to carry out repair and reinforcement or not. In addition, the inspection of the current status constructions before renovating is also the legal basis for the granting of construction permits to renovate and repair degraded works. Reinforced concrete buildings in the coastal areas in Vietnam, in particular, are working in the marine environment leading to damage the reinforced concrete construction. It should be significantly noted. Although there have been legal documents related to the inspection of constructions issued in Vietnam, the detailed contents and procedures of institution for each type of construction have not been mentioned yet. Therefore, the topic research paper of “research on technical solutions to renovate constructions with reinforced concrete structures in Vietnam” is to improve the quality and efficiency of construction. This investigation in Vietnam is very essential. This study uses the method of surveying the current state of the construction works in use, using the experimental sampling method to analyze and evaluate the damage of the work, then propose typical solutions to repair construction. The purpose of this study is to provide a process to check the damage of the works, and to propose solutions to repair them. This work is very important and has practical significance, helping managers to maintain works better.

“双碳”目标下老旧小区绿色改造的有机更新策略研究——以广州为例

老旧小区绿色改造作为实现城市低碳化的重要途径,对我国实现“双碳”目标及高质量发展具有重要意义。随着城市化进程的加快,老旧小区存在既有建筑能耗过高、碳排放量超标等现实问题,对老旧小区进行绿色改造成为政府开展城市更新时需重点关注的内容。在总结广州老旧小区绿色改造现状及国内外相关实践经验的基础上,按照有机更新的思路,从顶层设计、人文建设、生态建设、建筑绿色更新、新技术新能源以及成本经济等方面提出对老旧小区绿色改造的策略建议。

诉求统筹下城中村改造利益相关者协同治理——以天津市北辰区改造项目为例

利益相关者协同治理是推动城中村改造项目顺利高效实施的关键,但改造实践中各阶段利益相关者关系及利益诉求错综复杂。以天津市北辰区改造项目为例,采用社会网络分析方法,系统、全面地分析项目各阶段利益相关者关系及其诉求的网络特征、演化规律。结果表明,拆迁安置补偿阶段利益相关者利益诉求协调难度最高;同一利益主体在项目不同阶段的角色功能差异明显;建设公众满意的生活环境是多元利益相关者的核心利益诉求。采用社会网络分析方法,剖析利益相关者关系及诉求协调的重点问题,为城中村改造利益相关者协同治理提供科学参考与依据。

数字金融、家庭债务与金融整治——基于P2P网贷风险专项整治的实证研究

基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)2013年、2015年、2017年和2019年四期数据,构建Probit模型和固定效应模型分析数字金融对家庭债务的影响,并基于近年来金融整治的一个典型样本——P2P网贷风险专项整治,构建强度DID模型探讨实行金融整治政策能否有效降低家庭债务。研究发现:(1)数字金融的使用显著提高了家庭负债概率和债务水平;(2)金融整治之后,使用数字金融家庭的债务水平出现显著降低;(3)异质性分析显示,金融整治政策对使用数字金融的家庭的债务缓解作用,在中西部地区、贫困家庭和农村家庭中更为显著,在我国打赢脱贫攻坚战和实施乡村振兴战略进程中发挥了有益作用。研究结论对我国规范发展数字金融、防范金融风险、巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接等方面有着重要的政策启示。

中国煤电机组改造升级效果分析与展望

煤电改造升级是提升煤电机组清洁高效灵活性水平、适应煤电向基础保障性和系统调节性电源并重转型的重要手段之一。通过分析中国煤电机组改造升级现状、改造效果,探讨了改造升级过程中存在的主要问题,并提出了促进煤电改造升级的措施方式,对煤电改造升级工作进行了展望。研究发现:煤电的节能降碳改造中,改造机组在额定工况下的供电煤耗平均可降低约5 g/(kW·h);煤电的灵活性改造中,改造机组最小出力由改造前的约42%额定负荷降低至约额定负荷的29%;煤电的供热改造中,改造机组的供热量可增加约56%。煤电改造过程中存在负荷率与供电煤耗、投入与收益、技术选择、可靠性等多方面协同问题,从运行、技术、政策等角度提出了推动煤电改造升级的措施建议,为煤电改造升级的有序推动提供参考。

“双碳”目标下燃煤电厂灵活性改造及政策建议

双碳目标下,以新能源为主的可再生能源将实现规模化发展,煤电将向基础保障性和系统调节性电源并重转型。推动燃煤电厂灵活性改造,是增加新能源消纳能力、推动新能源高质量发展的重要举措。本文系统介绍了中国的煤电现状及新定位,梳理了中国“三改联动”中煤电灵活性改造进展情况,评价了灵活性改造实施效果,聚焦影响煤电机组灵活性运行的主要技术问题,研究分析了灵活性改造典型技术路线及其经济性。借鉴欧美提升煤电灵活性的市场经验,从加强规划引导、完善支持政策、发挥市场作用、确保运行安全等方面提出了推进灵活性改造、促进煤电产业转型发展的政策建议。

历史文化街区城市更新对策及实践——建筑及用地再利用评估

建筑和用地,是历史文化街区更新的重要对象和核心资源,其再利用是历史文化街区保护性更新实施的关键对策和重要途径,对历史文化街区文化保护、活化传承、协调发展都具有重要作用。但对于建筑和用地再利用的研究大量基于定性分析,定量评估研究较少,科学性不强,落地实施困难。因此要分析我国历史文化街区保护与城市更新的关系、街区更新突出问题、更新方法的特殊性,聚焦建筑再利用和用地功能置换两个要素的可行性定量评估和潜力识别,从方法论上探索街区品质提升的实施途径。

严寒地区农村住宅围护结构现状分析与优化研究

我国严寒地区气候寒冷且供暖季漫长,农村住宅采暖能耗问题突出,多数住宅采用自建形式,围护结构的热工性能普遍不理想。本研究从严寒地区农村住宅围护结构实际情况出发,对本溪农村地区200余户现有住宅进行调研。结果显示,本溪现有农宅基本未设置外墙保温,虽部分住宅屋顶设置保温,但保温材料均已超过使用年限,保温效果较差。有86.95%的农宅室内温度基本维持在18℃以下,农户满意度仅24.2%。实地测量3户典型农宅的室内环境温度。采用EnergyPlus模拟得到农宅围护结构的传热系数相比居住建筑节能设计标准规定限值超出300%~400%。根据实测数据和模拟数据对外墙、屋顶、外窗进行热工性能改造。对比单一围护结构改造前后的供暖季热负荷,得出外墙的改造效果最好。

核磁共振谱仪升级改造实践与成效

核磁共振谱仪是有机化合物结构鉴定的通用表征设备.核磁共振谱仪的特点在于磁体稳定,而机柜和工作站等硬件随着时间推移逐步老化,导致故障频发,并且随着仪器软件和探头硬件的不断更新换代,原有仪器存在配置不齐、功能不全等问题.在教育部改善基本办学条件专项资金以及学校各部门的大力支持下,天津大学分析测试中心顺利完成核磁共振谱仪的升级改造,优化了资源配置,增加了仪器功能,并完善了基础设施.实践成效表明,仪器升级改造后促进了仪器的功能开发利用,提升了工作效率,进一步提高了开放共享水平.

我国城市轨道交通既有线改造投融资机制研究

我国城市轨道交通现已进入从“增量扩张”向“存量优化”转型的新发展阶段,既有线改造的现实紧迫性催生了庞大的资金需求,同时对资金长期可持续提出更高要求,构建与既有线改造需求相适应和匹配的投融资机制对于保障我国城轨交通高质量发展具有重要价值。然而,既有线改造类型多样且利益主体复杂,目前实践层面缺乏统一且完整的指导规划,理论层面也亟需为投融资模式创新提供充分研究支撑。本文在总结伦敦、日本、北京、上海、深圳、天津等典型案例经验的基础上,结合项目的经济属性、周期属性、多主体特征,探究分级分类的投融资体系和实践思路,并构建财政补贴与激励协同、存量资产与新增投资互促融合的投融资机制。以期为完善既有线改造顶层设计、形成多主体协同且面向中长期的投融资机制体系提供参考与决策依据。

北京地铁10号线西土城站换乘改造施工技术

[目的]以北京地铁10号线西土城站换乘改造施工为例,对未预留换乘条件的既有地铁车站换乘改造施工方案展开研究。[方法]为满足与北京地铁昌南线换乘的要求,对既有1号线西土城站进行换乘改造。在既有地铁10号线西土城站站厅层侧墙开洞与换乘通道接驳;清空站厅层,全部改为付费区,闸机、安检移至各出入口地面厅或地下厅;在站厅层与站台层之间的楼板开洞增设自动扶梯、电梯等。此外,对站内施工区域的混凝土结构进行沉降变形监测,以控制侧墙破除、楼板开洞等站内改造施工作业对既有车站自身结构的影响,保证了北京地铁10号线西土城站换乘改造施工的安全和混凝土结构稳定。[结果及结论]建议在以后的地铁车站规划时,应具有一定的前瞻性,从城市轨道交通发展的大层面进行车站的结构设计,以充分预留出换乘空间。

产业导向的超大城市城中村改造技术路径——以广州市长湴村改造方案为例

在“去房地产化”的现实背景下,以往房地产导向的拆除重整式城中村改造模式不可持续,需探索融合产业发展和拆整结合的改造模式。基于对房地产导向的城中村改造模式的反思,提出当前城中村改造需转向“以地兴产”的产业导向逻辑。不同于房地产逻辑下的“大拆大建”,产业导向的城中村改造需探索“保留+改造+拆除”结合的改造模式,以“控制改造成本、聚焦产业发展、倡导混合用地、提升空间质量”为理念。以广州市长湴村改造方案为例,探索产业导向的利益统筹格局、面向产业需求的空间规划策略、以“村集体+国企”为核心的合作模式。

残疾人居住空间无障碍改造研究综述

随着中国人口老龄化形势的日益严峻,残障人群的数量不断增加,新时代,我国更加重视残疾人事业的建设,而居住空间的无障碍改造设计是改善残疾人生活质量的重要手段之一。该文从国内外关于残疾人居家环境无障碍改造的文献研究入手,梳理有关国内外残疾人居住空间无障碍改造的发展历程,综合评述了国内外相关研究关于残疾人住房起居无障改造设计的研究方向、方法与结论。同时,总结我国在老龄化背景和人本理念下残疾人居住空间无障碍改造存在的无障碍问题与未来发展趋势,以期推进我国无障碍发展建设,提升残疾人民生福祉。

关于全域土地综合整治的研究

“千万工程”的基础是全域土地综合整治。开展全域土地综合整治关键是坚持底线思维、坚持节约集约用地、质量和生态“三位一体”保护,且需要遵循继承、借鉴、创新的原则,制定切实可行的行动方案。同时,充分利用现代信息技术开展全域土地综合整治,更好地实践、发展新质生产力。

以规则治理重构推进城市更新行动——基于广州L城中村改造的研究

中国城市发展已经进入城市更新的重要时期,由大规模增量建设转为存量提质改造和增量结构调整并重。从广州城市更新现状考察和理性审视出发,阐释引致更新改造“难点”及“堵点”的表层原因,包括征地拆迁难、资金压力大、统筹协调难和社会问题复杂等。从深层原因看,广州城市更新行动与制度、规则的供给情况高度相关。基于此,选取广州L城中村改造典型案例,从规则治理重构角度审视现阶段广州在城市更新行动中的探索与实践。研究表明,L城中村改造经验包括确立核心、创新模式、正向激励、集体行动和利益平衡等。以规则治理重构科学有序推进城市更新行动,应当把握依托多元主体推进,围绕优化更新改造全运行体系展开,以“核心文件+配套政策+微观制度”形成制度丛,强化和夯实相关基础。

基于社会网络分析的城中村公共空间“微改造”研究——以广州园夏村为例

在我国城镇化由高速发展转为高质量发展的背景下,城中村的全面更新已经成为城市建设的迫切需求。将城中村公共空间作为研究对象,采用“社会网络分析”方法,探讨如何将城中村公共空间与城中村居民日常活动结合起来,更加全面地了解城中村居民的实际需求,通过“微改造”的方式来改善城中村居民的生活环境。以广州市园夏村为例,在实地调研的基础上采集人群活动数据,运用社会网络分析方法,借助社会网络分析软件Ucinet及可视化插件Netdraw对城中村公共空间网络进行分析,建构城中村公共空间网络模型,研究公共空间网络和公共生活网络、空间与活动网络匹配度。从而明确存在问题,由此提出针对园夏村公共空间的“微改造”策略,为激活城中村公共空间提供新的思路。