Recently, biodiesel has received much more attention. Soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and corn oil are primary feedstock for biodiesel production. However, biodiesel production from these traditional oil-rich crop...Recently, biodiesel has received much more attention. Soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and corn oil are primary feedstock for biodiesel production. However, biodiesel production from these traditional oil-rich crops is limited by land availability, climate, and environmental and social issues regarding the use of feed and food crops for fuel. Oleaginous microorganisms, including microalgae, bacteria, yeast and fungi can be cultivated with high lipid contents and used as promising feedstock for biodiesel production. However, the high cost of biodiesel production using oil microorganisms has been the biggest obstacle for its industrialization. The process of biodiesel production from microorganisms involves many steps, of which the lipids extraction is the most important and costly. Therefore, searching for an effective and economical extraction system is critical. Various approaches of lipids extraction are discussed in this review, including traditional extraction procedures such as solvent extraction, pressing and solvent integrated extraction, as well as some new procedures.展开更多
Over the past few years,it is observed an increased interest for oleaginous microorganisms in the perspective to produce microbial oils of great commercial interest through the consumption of low/zero cost substrates....Over the past few years,it is observed an increased interest for oleaginous microorganisms in the perspective to produce microbial oils of great commercial interest through the consumption of low/zero cost substrates.In this paper,the physiology of the fungus Umbelopsis isabellina growing on blends of glycerol and glucose was investigated.In all experiments the fungus completely consumed glucose and produced satisfactory quantities of biomass containing reserve lipids in high percentages.However,glycerol concentration in the growth medium was negatively correlated to glucose assimilation rate,mainly during the balanced-growth phase.Nevertheless,at high initial concentrations,glycerol was partially consumed and seemed to contribute positively to the suppression of lipid degradation.Following the discovery of this complex regulatory mechanism regarding glucose and glycerol co-assimilation,the activity of three key-enzymes namely aldolase,glycerol kinase and glycerol dehydrogenase,which are implicated in glycerol and glucose assimilation,was investigated.The experiments revealed a clear preference of the fungus for glucose over glycerol.On the other hand,storage polysaccharides are degraded instead of storage lipid at the late oleaginous phase for maintenance purpose.These new biochemical features will enable the design of appropriate growth media for the co-fermentation of these two substrates by U.isabellina with the aim to maximize lipid accumulation.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 20976140）. The authors are grateful to Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA and Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education for providing the condition of researching.
文摘Recently, biodiesel has received much more attention. Soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and corn oil are primary feedstock for biodiesel production. However, biodiesel production from these traditional oil-rich crops is limited by land availability, climate, and environmental and social issues regarding the use of feed and food crops for fuel. Oleaginous microorganisms, including microalgae, bacteria, yeast and fungi can be cultivated with high lipid contents and used as promising feedstock for biodiesel production. However, the high cost of biodiesel production using oil microorganisms has been the biggest obstacle for its industrialization. The process of biodiesel production from microorganisms involves many steps, of which the lipids extraction is the most important and costly. Therefore, searching for an effective and economical extraction system is critical. Various approaches of lipids extraction are discussed in this review, including traditional extraction procedures such as solvent extraction, pressing and solvent integrated extraction, as well as some new procedures.
基金financed by the Green Fund of the Hellenic Ministry of Environment and Energy,under the funding program“National Environment and Innovation Activities 2022”,Priority Axis“Research&Application”,Project“Sustainable technology for converting pomegranate residues into bioproducts and bioactive compounds”with the acronym“POMEGRANATE”.
文摘Over the past few years,it is observed an increased interest for oleaginous microorganisms in the perspective to produce microbial oils of great commercial interest through the consumption of low/zero cost substrates.In this paper,the physiology of the fungus Umbelopsis isabellina growing on blends of glycerol and glucose was investigated.In all experiments the fungus completely consumed glucose and produced satisfactory quantities of biomass containing reserve lipids in high percentages.However,glycerol concentration in the growth medium was negatively correlated to glucose assimilation rate,mainly during the balanced-growth phase.Nevertheless,at high initial concentrations,glycerol was partially consumed and seemed to contribute positively to the suppression of lipid degradation.Following the discovery of this complex regulatory mechanism regarding glucose and glycerol co-assimilation,the activity of three key-enzymes namely aldolase,glycerol kinase and glycerol dehydrogenase,which are implicated in glycerol and glucose assimilation,was investigated.The experiments revealed a clear preference of the fungus for glucose over glycerol.On the other hand,storage polysaccharides are degraded instead of storage lipid at the late oleaginous phase for maintenance purpose.These new biochemical features will enable the design of appropriate growth media for the co-fermentation of these two substrates by U.isabellina with the aim to maximize lipid accumulation.
