On modeling approach for embedded real-time software simulation testing

Modeling technology has been introduced into software testing field. However, how to carry through the testing modeling effectively is still a difficulty. Based on combination of simulation modeling technology and embedded real-time software testing method, the process of simulation testing modeling is studied first. And then, the supporting environment of simulation testing modeling is put forward. Furthermore, an approach of embedded real-time software simulation testing modeling including modeling of cross-linked equipments of system under testing （SUT）, test case, testing scheduling, and testing system service is brought forward. Finally, the formalized description and execution system of testing models are given, with which we can realize real-time, closed loop, mad automated system testing for embedded real-time software.

Real-time embedded software testing method based on extended finite state machine

The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine （RT-EFSM） model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class （timeCTEC） are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.

Key Technology of Embedded System Implementation for Software-based CNC System

The software-based computer numerical control（CNC） system includes three types of tasks： periodic real-time tasks, aperiodic real-time tasks, and non-real-time tasks. The tasks are characterized by concurrency, hybridization, and correlation, which make system implementation difficult. The conventional scheduling algorithm can not meet the demands of system implementation in the software-based CNC system completely. The uncertainty factors when running real-time tasks affect control performance by degrading manufacturing accuracy as a result of system resource and processor use restrictions. To address the technical difficulty of embedded system implementation, a novel fuzzy feedback scheduling algorithm based on output jitter of key real-time tasks for a software-based CNC system is proposed. Time characteristics, such as sampling jitter, input-output jitter, and non-schedulability are discussed, followed by quantification through simulations of the impact of time characteristics on manufacturing accuracy. On the basis of this research, the scheduler architecture is designed, and then the algorithm table is calculated. When the system resource changes, the key periodic real-time tasks meet their deadlines by means of dynamically adjusting the task period. The simulated results show that the machining precision rises by an order of magnitude for the proposed scheduler in resource-constrained software-based CNC systems. Moreover, unlike conventional feedback scheduling methods, the algorithm in this paper does not rely on the availability of task execution times and is easy to implement while incurring only a small overhead.

A hardware/software co-optimization approach for embedded software of MP3 decoder

In order to improve the efficiency of embedded software running on processor core, this paper proposes a hard-ware/software co-optimization approach for embedded software from the system point of view. The proposed stepwise methods aim at exploiting the structure and the resources of the processor as much as possible for software algorithm optimization. To achieve low memory usage and low frequency need for the same performance, this co-optimization approach was used to optimize embedded software of MP3 decoder based on a 16-bit fixed-point DSP core. After the optimization, the results of decoding 128 kbps, 44.1 kHz stereo MP3 on DSP evaluation platform need 45.9 MIPS and 20.4 kbytes memory space. The optimization rate achieves 65.6% for memory and 49.6% for frequency respectively compared with the results by compiler using floating-point computation. The experimental result indicates the availability of the hardware/software co-optimization approach depending on the algorithm and architecture.

Think upon Cultivating Domestic High-class Practitioners of Industrial Embedded Software Development

Domestic situation of embedded software practitioners in the industry field is analyzed in this paper,based on which the new requirements for personnel working for embedded software R&D are proposed.Then reform notions in higher education system upon cultivating high-class practitioners are presented.

Telecom-Oriented Embedded Software Support Platform

This paper presents an embedded software platform used in the telecom field.The platform consists of the Virtual Operating System (VOS)layer,core layer, protection layer and module layer.It supports and simplifies upper application software of telecom systems.In addition to basic modules and functions, its instance scheduling model and distributed process communication are detailed in the paper.

An Embedded Software Modeling and Process by Using Aspect-Oriented Approach

In recent years, mobile devices have become widespread and refined, and they have offered increased convenience in human life. For these reasons, a variety of embedded systems have been designed. Therefore, improving methods for developing of embedded software systematically has become an important issue. Platform-based design is one example of an embedded-system design method that can reduce the design cost via improving a design’s abstraction level. However, platform-based design lacks precise definitions for platforms and design processes. This paper provides an approach that combines the aspects and platform-based design methods for developing embedded software. The approach is built on platform-based design methodology and uses the separating of concerns (SoC) concept to define the aspects and to reduce the crosscutting concerns in embedded system modeling. For aspect issues, we use the extended UML notation with aspects to describe both the static structure and the dynamic structure of the embedded system. We used an example of a digital photo frame system to demonstrate our approach.

New Approach for Hardware/Software Embedded System Conception Based on the Use of Design Patterns

This paper deals with a new hardware/software embedded system design methodology based on design pattern approach by development of a new design tool called smartcell. Three main constraints of embedded systems design process are investigated: the complexity, the partitioning between hardware and software aspects and the reusability. Two intermediate models are carried out in order to solve the complexity problem. The partitioning problem deals with the proposed hardware/software partitioning algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimisation. The reusability problem is resolved by synthesis of intellectual property blocks. Specification and integration of an intelligent controller on heterogeneous platform are considered to illustrate the proposed approach.

Software defined satellite networks:A survey

In recent years,satellite networks have been proposed as an essential part of next-generation mobile communication systems.Software defined networking techniques are introduced in satellite networks to handle the growing challenges induced by time-varying topology,intermittent inter-satellite link and dramatically increased satellite constellation size.This survey covers the latest progress of software defined satellite networks,including key techniques,existing solutions,challenges,opportunities,and simulation tools.To the best of our knowledge,this paper is the most comprehensive survey that covers the latest progress of software defined satellite networks.An open GitHub repository is further created where the latest papers on this topic will be tracked and updated periodically.Compared with these existing surveys,this survey contributes from three aspects:(1)an up-to-date SDN-oriented review for the latest progress of key techniques and solutions in software defined satellite networks;(2)an inspiring summary of existing challenges,new research opportunities and publicly available simulation tools for follow-up studies;(3)an effort of building a public repository to track new results.

基于QT/Embedded的γ能谱仪数据处理软件设计

γ能谱仪器的数据处理软件在整个仪器设计中起着重要的作用。本文介绍了用于便携式γ能谱仪的数据处理软件设计。本设计是基于嵌入式Linux操作系统和QT/Embedded GUI平台库上实现的。使得该软件有着良好的界面和数据处理能力。

Embedded TLS 1.2 Implementation for Smart Metering & Smart Grid Applications

Digital networked communications are the key to all Internet-of-things applications, but especially to smart metering systems and the smart grid. In order to ensure a safe operation of systems and the privacy of users, the transport layer security （TLS） protocol, a mature and well standardized solution for secure communications, may be used. We implemented the TLS protocol in its latest version in a way suitable for embedded and resource-constrained systems. This paper outlines the challenges and opportunities of deploying TLS in smart metering and smart grid applications and presents performance results of our TLS implementation. Our analysis shows that given an appropriate implementation and configuration, deploying TLS in constrained smart metering systems is possible with acceptable overhead.

Tailoring of onboard system software

Tailoring of an operating system and an in embedded real-time operating system in particular is es-sential for both, kernel and operation. But many of current embedded real-time operating systems provide somebasic tailoring at the cost of depleting the flexibility of hardware, which causes the lack of flexibility, and de-grades their tailors. A layered modular tailoring model has been proposed together with some tailoring operationsto improve the flexibility of the systems, and algorithms have been proposed for verification of tailoring opera-tions with the current operating system.

A Product Line Approach to Design an Embedded Web System for Healthcare

With the recent advances in mobile technology and wireless network technology, embedded systems are being widely used in modem society today. Particularly, a home healthcare system is a networked embedded system where the main functions are to control the disease processes and to help patients maintain their independence and maximum level of function within their own homes and communities. It seems to be self-evident to design a system that would support both patients and their healthcare providers in the process of treatment. Nevertheless, little work in integrating embedded devices with intemet for the support of patients have been done to date. In this paper, we show how to design a healthcare system for supporting the management of the conditions of patients with chronic diseases. This system is built around wireless networked embedded devices, and integrates the intemet technology for telemonitoring the patient＇s health and notifying of doctors if emergency action is required. Also, patients themselves may specify personal alerts for condition-related issues.

基于概率逻辑推理的高阶互补云API推荐方法

云时代,云API作为服务交付、数据交换和能力复制的最佳载体,已成长为当今面向服务软件开发和企业数字化转型不可或缺的核心要素.然而动态开放网络中持续增长的云API在给开发者提供了更多选择的同时,也将其淹没在海量的云API选择之中,设计有效的云API推荐方法就此成为API经济健康发展中迫切要解决的现实问题.但是,现有研究主要利用搜索关键词、服务质量和调用偏好进行建模,生成质量高功能单一的云API推荐列表,没有考虑服务化软件实际开发中开发者对多元化高阶互补云API的客观需要.高阶互补云API推荐旨在为多个查询云API生成多元互补云API列表,要求推荐结果与查询云API均互补,以满足开发者的联合需求.针对此问题,本文提出基于概率逻辑推理的高阶互补云API推荐方法(Probabilistic Logic Reasoning for High-order Complementary Cloud API Recom⁃mendation,PLR4HCCR).首先,通过云API生态真实数据分析论证云API互补推荐需求的必要性和互补关系建模中替补噪声的客观存在,为云API互补推荐问题研究提供动机和数据支持.其次,采用Beta概率嵌入对云API及其之间的关系约束进行编码,以刻画云API间互补关系的不确定性和支持互补逻辑推理.接着,设计由投影、取反和交并三个基本逻辑算子构建的互补关系逻辑推理网络,使查询集中的每个云API获得非对称互补关系感知和替补噪声消解约束下的互补云API表示.然后,引入注意力机制为查询云API的互补云API分配不同权重,增强高阶互补云API基向量的表征能力.在此基础上,采用KL散度度量高阶互补云API基向量与候选云API之间的距离,并根据KL散度排序生成高阶互补性可感知下的云API推荐结果.最后,我们利用两个真实云API数据集在不同阶互补推荐场景下进行实验,实验表明,与传统启发式推荐方法和深度学习推荐方法相比,PLR4HCCR在互补关系感知推理和替补噪声消解方面均具有较大的优势,继而使其在低阶、高阶和混合阶互补云API推荐中均展示出更优的推荐效果和更强的泛化能力.进一步,超参数敏感性实验、实例分析和用户调查验证了方法的有效性、实用性和可行性,这使结合高阶互补关系的云API推荐方法PLR4HCCR不仅更有可能生成开发者满意的结果,而且可有效提升云API服务提供者的收益.

嵌入式服务器软件接口通信容量调节算法仿真

考虑到实际系统中不同用户对通信有着不同的容量需求,为了在有限的频谱资源中获得更大的容量效果,提出一种嵌入式服务器软件接口通信容量调节算法。通过用户的信道增益信息,获取最小蜂窝用户数量。根据吞吐量增量降序排列结果,将排名靠前的蜂窝用户通信容量分配给用户对。将嵌入式服务器软件接口通信容量调节问题,转换为随机网络优化问题,对数据包码长和发送功率联合优化,引入离线算法的思想,提出通信容量调节算法,完成嵌入式服务器软件接口通信容量调节。实验结果表明,所提算法可以有效提升吞吐总量,同时能够有效降低平均等待调节延时,平均等待调节时延保持在30ms以内。

基于嵌入式ARM的微流控PCR检测系统设计

为了实现微流控设备功能的集成化、提高交互系统的可操作性,提出一种基于嵌入式ARM的微流控聚合酶链式反应(PCR)控制系统及上位机软件的设计方案。系统硬件采用多个嵌入式ARM控制器与功能模块相互协调,制定可扩展的通信机制和协议,实现微流控PCR检测过程中的流路运动、温度控制、荧光信号采集等功能的集成控制。采用Qt结合SQLite数据库设计了上位机软件,利用多线程和节点映射,实现对硬件模块的协调控制以及检测信息存储。实验表明:该系统运行稳定,人机交互效果好,可操作性高,满足微流控PCR的集成功能需求。

滑坡探测电磁仪配套数据采集软件设计与实现

随着人类社会的高速发展和工程建设的激增,地质环境扰动日益显著,极端气候因素影响日益增多,地质灾害日益频繁发生,对人类的威胁和造成的损失也随之日益加剧。滑坡是其中最主要的地质灾害,因此,研究滑坡发育、发展、发生整个地质过程中伴随的物理现象,深入研究其信号特征,从而间接获取滑坡发展变化过程是地质灾害探测或监测的基础性研究,是值得深入探索的科学问题。但是专门用于滑坡探测的电磁仪器关键设计及具体实现的研究,特别是电磁仪器配套数据采集软件的设计及具体实现尚较缺乏。本研究以嵌入式计算机科学、软件工程、数字信号处理技术、地球物理、工程地质等多学科交叉的理论体系为基础,设计并实现了可用于滑坡探测或监测的仪器配套数据采集软件,拥有滑坡电磁法探测的嵌入式计算机软件自主知识产权,有助于科学探查滑坡地质灾害的动态发育、发展、发生。

嵌入式软件安全性测试研究

安全性测试作为一种常见的测试类型,在嵌入式软件测试中发挥着重要作用,可以有效保证嵌入式软件稳定、安全运行。本文对常见的安全性测试要点和测试方法进行研究和介绍,为软件开发人员和测试人员提供参考。

FreeRTOS在SPARC V8处理器上的移植

FreeRTOS是一款免费的嵌入式操作系统,具有源代码公开、配置要求低、运行效率高、功能全面的特点,而基于SPARC V8架构的处理器被广泛应用于卫星遥测、遥控、姿轨控和自主管理等航天领域中。使用嵌入式操作系统可以提高SPARC V8星载应用程序的应用范围和可靠性,但目前SPARC V8架构国内尚未有FreeRTOS成功的移植案例。本文基于SPARC V8架构处理器,结合SPARC V8窗口机制的特点进行了FreeRTOS在此平台上的移植和调试工作。测试结果表明,FreeRTOS各项基本功能运行正常,可用于SPARC V8架构下星载应用程序的开发工作。

工业实时操作系统关键技术及发展趋势研究

工业实时操作系统(RTOS)广泛应用于工业自动化、军事、电力、新能源等重要场景中,发挥着中枢神经系统的关键作用。当前,我国工业实时操作系统产业规模持续提升,但整体水平仍落后于发达国家,关键领域国产化率较低,缺乏完善的生态系统建设。本文阐述了工业实时操作系统的概念及关键作用,分析了国内外整体市场现状及代表性产品,梳理了工业实时操作系统内核、中间件、辅助设计工具等关键技术及相关现有研究基础,并进一步指出其轻量化、虚拟化、跨平台等发展趋势,为国产工业实时操作系统加速发展应用提供参考。