Design of Power Supply for On-line Monitoring System of Transmission Lines

This paper uses CT to gain the energy directly from the high-voltage transmission line, to address the problem of power supply for monitoring system in high voltage side of transmission line. The draw-out power coil can induce voltage from the transmission line, using single-chip microcomputer to analog and output PMW wave to control the charging module, provides a stable 3.4 V DC voltage to the load, and solve the problem of easy saturating of core. The power supply based on this kind of draw-out power coil has undergone the overall testing, and it is verified-showing that it can properly work in a non-saturated status within the current range of 50 - 1000 A, and provide a stable output. The equipment also design protection circuit to improve the reliability to avid the impacts of the impulse current or short-circuit current. It effectively solves the problem of power supply for On-line Monitoring System of Transmission.

Research on Transmission Line Tower Tilting and Foundation State Monitoring Technology Based onMulti-Sensor Cooperative Detection and Correction

The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the building to collapse.Many small changes caused the tower’s collapse,but the early staff often could not intuitively notice the changes in the tower’s state.In the current tower online monitoring system,terminal equipment often needs to replace batteries frequently due to premature exhaustion of power.According to the need for real-time measurement of power line tower,this research designed a real-time monitoring device monitoring the transmission tower attitude tilting and foundation state based on the inertial sensor,the acceleration of 3 axis inertial sensor and angular velocity raw data to pole average filtering pre-processing,and then through the complementary filtering algorithm for comprehensive calculation of tilt angle,the system meets the demand for inclined online monitoring of power line poles and towers regarding measurement accuracy,with low cost and power consumption.The optimization multi-sensor cooperative detection and correction measured tilt angle result relative accuracy can reach 1.03%,which has specific promotion and application value since the system has the advantages of unattended and efficient calculation.

Research Progress of On-line Monitoring Technology for Electromagnetic Environment of Power Transmission and Transformation Projects

Based on the collection of relevant literature and cases,the research and application status of on-line monitoring technology for electromagnetic environment of power transmission and transformation projects at home and abroad were introduced.Moreover,the problems existing in the on-line monitoring of electromagnetic environment were expounded,and the development prospect was forecasted.

Mechanics Analysis of Overhead Transmission Lines Based On-line Monitoring

At present, the on-line monitoring is widely applied to the power line monitoring. In this paper, a new mechanical calculation model is established according to the on-line monitoring. And this model is based on the parameters that tension sensors and angle sensors on suspended points detect, and combines with the parameters of the wire itself, and also considers the deflection angel of wires due to wind. In this model, mechanics parameters of wires are turned into the new coordinate plane after deflection angel of wires due to wind, or windage yaw plane. A statics tension balance equation is built in the vertical direction of the new windage yaw plane. According to the theoretical analysis and algorithm, we verify the accuracy of this newly developed mechanical calculation model.

Power Line Monitoring Data Transmission Using Wireless Sensor Network

The WSN used in power line monitoring is long chain structure, and the bottleneck near the Sink node is more obvious. In view of this, A Sink nodes’ cooperation mechanism is presented. The Sink nodes from different WSNs are adjacently deployed. Adopting multimode and spatial multiplexing network technology, the network is constructed into multi-mode-level to achieve different levels of data streaming. The network loads are shunted and the network resources are rationally utilized. Through the multi-sink nodes cooperation, the bottlenecks at the Sink node and its near several jump nodes are solved and process the competition of communication between nodes by channel adjustment. Finally, the paper analyzed the method and provided simulation experiment results. Simulation results show that the method can solve the funnel effect of the sink node, and get a good QoS.

Fiber Bragg grating monitors for thermal and stress of the composite insulators in transmission lines

Running composite insulators are prone to failure due to their harsh surrounding work environment, which directly affects the safe operation of transmission lines. This paper puts forward the method of using fiber Bragg grating(FBG) as the monitors to parameters correlated with thermal and stress of the composite insulators in transmission lines at working status. Firstly, monitoring points are found out by the mechanical test on composite insulator samples. Secondly, based on the monitoring theory, this paper introduces the feasibility design frame of the composite insulator with FBG implanted in the rod and the online monitor system. At last, it describes applications of this monitor system in the field of transmission lines.

Tracking Galloping Profile of Transmission Lines Using Wireless Inertial Measurement Units

Galloping of power transmission lines might bring about huge damage such as massive power outage and collapse of the transmission towers. To realize forecast of the galloping and provide data for study on the galloping mechanism, this paper proposes an online monitoring system for tracking galloping profile of power transmission lines based on wireless inertial measurement units (WIMUs). The system is composed of three modules: wireless inertial measurement nodes, monitoring base station, and remote monitoring station. After detailing the hardware system, the corresponding software which positions and displays galloping profile of the transmission line in real-time is outlined. The feasibility of the proposed on-line monitoring system is demonstrated through a series of experiments at the State Grid Key Laboratory of Power Overhead Transmission Line Galloping (Zhengzhou, China) by taking into account different vibration patterns.

Usage and Benefit of an Overhead Line Monitoring System

Overhead lines are the backbone of the electrical power transmission.Contrary to the distributions networks,the transmission system consists only in exceptional cases of longer cable lines.Typical exceptions are connections of cavern power plants,approaches to airports or bird sanctuaries and lines in urban centres.In the majority of cases,an overhead line is the most economic and practicable solution for the energy transmission.In tourism regions,an overhead line will be seen as impairment of nature or landscape and so the approval chain and procedure is in most countries long-winded and circumstantial.At the other hand,the energy consumption in Europe is growing and the volatility of transmitted power is also increasing during the last decade caused by the opening of the electric energy market.This opening process leads to a stopping of the enlargement of the interoperation network and to a minimisation of the maintenance of existing lines.Today the network operates more often at the limit of the equipment and the small and large-areas disturbances and blackouts are increasing.The operators of transmission lines are forced to ensure the electrical power supply and so they have to improve the reliability of the network.One solution is to monitor the critical(heavy loaded)overhead lines.For example,with the knowledge of the thermal condition,the risk of unexpected outages can be reduced.Today several monitoring systems are available on the market.They differ in the principle and techniques of the condition evaluation.The three most interesting output variables are the line temperature,the capable transmission power and the actual sag of the investigated section.In this paper an overview of existing overhead line monitoring system and also an outline over the usage and benefit for the application will be given.Thermal monitoring is one technique to improve the reliability of the network and for increasing or optimising the capable transmission power.

Prototype Monitoring System for Power Line Inspection by Means of a PandaBoard

The national energy supplier （Eskom in South Africa） supplies electricity through thousands-of-kilometers of overhead power lines. The current methods of inspection of these overhead power lines are infrequent and expensive. In this paper, the authors present the development of a prototype monitoring system for power line inspection in South Africa. The developed prototype monitoring system collects data （information） from the overhead power lines, is remotely accessible and fits into a power line robot. The prototype monitoring system makes use ofa PandaBoard （SBC） with GPS receiver and 5 MP camera to collect data. Hardware fatigue is the biggest problem faced on the overhead power lines and is captured by means of the 5 MP camera and is displayed on a website hosted by the PandaBoard via Wi-Fi. The monitoring system has low power consumption, is light weight, compact and easily collects data. The data obtained from the prototype monitoring system was satisfactory and provides an improved solution for monitoring power lines for Eskom in South Africa.

An Edge Visual Incremental Perception Framework Based on Deep Semi-supervised Learning for Monitoring Power Transmission Lines

In recent years,several efforts have been made to develop power transmission line abnormal target detection models based on edge devices.Typically,updates to these models rely on participation of the cloud,which means that network resource shortages can lead to update failures,followed by unsatisfactory recognition and detection performance in practical use.To address this problem,this article proposes an edge visual incremental perception framework,based on deep semisupervised learning,for monitoring power transmission lines.After generation of the initial model using a small amount of labeled data,models trained using this framework can update themselves based on unlabeled data.A teacher-student joint training strategy,a data augmentation strategy,and a model updating strategy are also designed and adopted to improve the performance of the models trained with this framework.The proposed framework is then examined with various transmission line datasets with 1%,2%,5%,and 10%labeled data.General performance enhancement is thus confirmed against traditional supervised learning strategies.With the 10%labeled data training set,the recognition accuracy of the model is improved to exceed 80%,meeting the practical needs of power system operation,and thus clearly validating the effectiveness of the framework.

Design of Millimeter-Wave High-Power Power Monitoring Miter Bend Based on Aperture-Coupling

A directional coupler in a miter bend was designed to monitor the microwave power of the transmission line in an electron cyclotron resonance heating（ECRH） system. It is based on aperture-coupling theory and simulation of an electromagnetic（EM） field to design and optimize the 140 GHz high-power directional coupler. In addition, we simulated the double-aperture directional coupler by using three-dimensional（3D） EM simulation software, in which the central frequency is 140 GHz, coupling factor is about –70 dB, and directivity is greater than 17 dB. The results show that such a coupler is a viable tool for power measurement in high-power transmission systems.

Galloping Vibration Monitoring of Overhead Transmission Lines by Chirped FBG Array

A distributed online fiber sensing system based on the phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer(Φ-OTDR)enhanced by the drawing tower fiber Bragg grating(FBG)array is presented and investigated experimentally for monitoring the galloping of overhead transmission lines.The chirped FBG array enhanced Φ-OTDR sensing system can be used to measure the galloping behavior of the overhead transmission lines(optical phase conductor or optical power ground wire),which are helpful for monitoring the frequency response characteristics of the ice-induced galloping,evaluating the motion tendencies of these cables,and avoiding the risk of flashover during galloping.The feasibility of the proposed online monitoring system is demonstrated through a series of experiments at the Special Optical Fiber Cable Laboratory of State Grid Corporation of China(Beijing,China).Results show that the proposed system is effective and reliable for the monitoring of galloping shape and characteristic frequency,which can predict the trend of destructive vibration behavior and avoid the occurrence of cable breaking and tower toppling accidents,and these features are essential for the safety operation in smart grids.

基于垂直中继的U型高压线路无线供电系统设计

为解决110 kV输电线路杆塔侧在线监测设备的供电问题,文中提出一种基于垂直中继的U型高压线路无线供电系统。首先结合互感耦合理论与有限元仿真,提出U型无线供电系统的整体设计方案,实现杆塔侧在线监测设备长距离、大功率、高效率、宽频带的无线供电。在此基础上建立系统级仿真模型,对U型无线供电系统的距离特性、频率特性、负载特性及电磁分布特性进行分析,验证了设计方案的可行性和电磁兼容性。最后搭建实验平台,在600 kHz的工作频率和1.2 m的传输距离下,系统输出功率达到73.58 W,能够满足杆塔侧在线监测设备的实际功率需求,为无线电能传输技术在高压设备供电领域的应用提供了参考依据。

基于多维参量分布式光纤传感的架空输电线路覆冰监测技术

对比总结了典型DOFS技术的基本原理与系统结构,对现有输电线路覆冰监测技术发展现状进行介绍。在此基础上提出了一种多维参量分布式光纤传感技术,能够实现对线路的应变、温度、振动、衰耗等状态参数进行分布式的实时监测。与现有的单参量、双参量传感监测方案相比,使用多维参量方案对线路进行融合感知,可以有效提高监测的准确度,降低误判率、误报率,为输电线路的安全稳定运行提供重要保障。

5G通信技术在输电线路在线监测系统中的应用

随着能源需求的增长和电力系统规模的扩大,对输电线路的安全和可靠性要求也越来越高,而5G通信技术的应用提高了对输电线路状态的实时监测和故障定位能力。针对5G通信技术在输电线路在线监测系统中的应用的探讨。首先,介绍其在输电线路在线监测系统中的重要性;其次,探讨5G通信技术在输电线路在线监测系统应用中的难点,包括网络覆盖不全、技术成熟度有待提升、应用配套产业处于培育期3个方面;最后,提出了相应的解决方案,以期为5G通信技术在输电线路在线监测系统中的应用提供一定的参考。

基于机器学习的架空输电线路分布式光纤风速监测方法

相位敏感型光时域反射技术(φ-OTDR)与光纤架空复合地线(OPGW)中的既有通信光缆相结合,能够获取架空输电线路沿途风致舞动引发的光纤振动。但是振动信号与实际风速之间的映射规律难以获取,传统上多依赖人工判断。为了解决这个问题,将随机森林算法引入分布式光纤风速监测的数据分析中,在一条全长约44.16 km的220 kV线路上进行了为期3个月的现场实测。实验结果表明,所提出方案能够分布式实时预测风速并评估其对架空输电线路的影响,辅助评估风荷载可能带来的潜在风险,指导后续的运维和改造,确保架空输电线路的安全可靠运行。

一种用于输电线路视频监测的取能电源的设计

供电电源是保证高压输电线路在线监测装置稳定运行的关键,文中提出了一种基于高压电场感应取能技术的取能电源,并分别对其功率电路和控制电路进行分析设计。感应极板产生的位移电流作为取能电源的输入,直接决定着取能电源的输入功率,文中利用Comsol软件研究了感应极板尺寸对位移电流的影响,确定了感应极板的尺寸,并和实测数据进行对比,验证了仿真的正确性。基于此,文中研制了一套视频监测装置,通过感应极板和取能电源实现装置的自取能,拍摄输电线及周围环境视频并发送到远程终端。最后,通过实验确定了当视频监测装置应用在110 kV电压等级下时,远程终端接收到的单次视频时长为2.2 min,视频间隔为54.9 min。

基于智能监测技术的输电线路外破点位快速精准识别

对于输电线路外破隐患监测及定位所采用的频域反射法易受到线路高频扰动信号的影响,导致监测定位误差较大问题,提出基于实时影像的输电线路外破监测及空间定位方法。通过对线路高频信号进行去趋势化处理,求取线路分布参数,进而构建输电线路分布参数数学模型,采用小波变换算法将线路数学模型的时域函数转换为频域函数,结合解调矩阵提取外破隐患特征,以此为依据,利用实时影像进行外破目标控制点的模板匹配,从而计算得到目标点的空间坐标,以此实现输电线路外破监测及空间定位。实验结果表明,所提方法能够更加准确地实现输电线路外破监测及定位。

输电线路避雷器全生命周期状态在线监测方法

为降低因避雷器导致的电力事故发生概率、保证输电线路安全平稳地运行,以全生命周期为切入点,提出避雷器状态在线监测方法。针对氧化锌材质避雷器,分析设备全生命周期中各个阶段状态情况。然后针对泄漏电流与加载电压模拟信号实施快速傅里叶离散化处理,将信号从时域转换成频域,并获取阻性电流基波分量与奇次谐波分量,从而实现对避雷器状态在线监测。仿真实验环节主要检测监测免疫性,经电磁波干扰与表面温度等试验环节,验证该方法能够有效抑制电磁波与正常设备表面温度的负面影响,且实时性较好。