STRONGLY CONVERGENT INERTIAL FORWARD-BACKWARD-FORWARD ALGORITHM WITHOUT ON-LINE RULE FOR VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES

This paper studies a strongly convergent inertial forward-backward-forward algorithm for the variational inequality problem in Hilbert spaces.In our convergence analysis,we do not assume the on-line rule of the inertial parameters and the iterates,which have been assumed by several authors whenever a strongly convergent algorithm with an inertial extrapolation step is proposed for a variational inequality problem.Consequently,our proof arguments are different from what is obtainable in the relevant literature.Finally,we give numerical tests to confirm the theoretical analysis and show that our proposed algorithm is superior to related ones in the literature.

Analysis of Quenching Resistor Effect to Improve Stability of TIA Circuit for APD-A Secondary Publication

In this paper,since the Avalanche Photo Diode(APD)for Light-to-Voltage LTV conversion uses a high voltage in the operating range unlike other Photo Diodes(PD),the quenching resistor must be connected in series to prevent overcurrent when using the Transimpedance Amplifier(TIA).In such a case,quenching resistance may affect the transfer function of the TIA circuit,resulting in serious stability.Therefore,in this paper,by analyzing the effect of APD quenching resistance on the voltage and current loop transfer function of TIA,we proposed a loop analysis and a method for determining the quenching resistance value to improve stability.A TIA circuit with quenching resistance was designed by the proposed method and its operational stability was verified through simulation and chip fabrication.

Discussion on the Free Quenching Heat Treatment Process of Automotive Leaf Springs

Free quenching of automotive leaf springs is a new technology that has gradually started to be applied in the industry in China in recent years.Only a few manufacturers are applying it in the industry.Through more than half a year of on-site practice,the changes in the hot forming of spring plates before free quenching have been explored,and finally a heat treatment process that meets the production requirements of our company has been developed,achieving normal production.

ELEMENT SELECTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL NON-LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON THE QUENCHING PROCESS OF THE COMPLEX-SHAPE WORKPIECE

When FEM is utilized to simulate the quenching process of the workpiece and realize the coupled calculation of the temperature field and phase transformation, due to the effect of the complex shape, non-linear physical parameters and the latent heat during phase transformation, the element selection should be done cautiously so that end results can meet the actual situations. In this paper through comparing the different type and density of elements, the eight-node, hexahedral, isoparametric element is found to be a good choice. Using this kind of element can not only meets the need of calculating accuracy, but also cut down the calculating magnitude and takes full advantage of the hardware source. In addition, the effect of distorted elements on the calculation result has also been discussed in this paper.

One-step Eco-friendly Fabrication of Antibacterial Polyester Via On-line Amination Reaction by Melt Coextrusion

The work is dedicated to develop a one-step eco-friendly method to prepare antibacterial polyethylene terephthalate(PET).We report a one-step eco-friendly method to manufacture antibacterial PET via on-line amination reaction by melt coextrusion.Beside evenly mixing of poly(hexamethylene guanidine)(PHMG)and PET in the melt coextrusion procedure,the amination reaction also occurred between PHMG and PET under high temperature(230-270℃).The antibacterial ability of composite PET showed obvious PHMG concentration dependence,and antibacterial activity reached more than 99%when PHMG content was 2.5 wt%.Moreover,LIVE/DEAD fluorescence test further confirmed that the composite PET could kill bacteria quickly and efiectively(within 30 min);while negligible cytotoxicity was observed to HSF and HUVEC cells.Onestep eco-friendly fabrication of composite antibacterial PET was accomplished by on-line melt coextrusion.The composite antibacterial PET has potential use in multiple fields to combat with pathogenic including textiles,packaging materials,decoration materials and biomedical devices,etc.

Influence of two distinct quenching end-temperatures on phase development and mechanical properties in QP980 steel

Bainite microstructures have become increasingly attractive for the development of advanced high-strength steel owing to their balanced strength-plasticity properties.In this study, the final microstructure and mechanical properties of a quenching and partitioning(QP) steel sample after two distinct QP processes were analyzed.The results reveal that martensite transformation after quenching resulted in a lathed morphology with higher yield strength and hole expansion ratio.In contrast, bainite transformation after quenching resulted in the formation of a blocky microstructure composed of bainitic ferrite retained austenite and nanoscale precipitates during the subsequent phase transformation at a higher temperature.This kind of final microstructure is beneficial to the elongation of QP steel but detrimental to the hole expansion ratio.

Residual stress with asymmetric spray quenching for thick aluminum alloy plates

Solution and quenching heat treatments are generally carried out in a roller hearth furnace for large-scale thick aluminum alloy plates.However,the asymmetric or uneven spray water flow rate is inevitable under industrial production conditions,which leads to an asymmetric residual stress distribution.The spray quenching treatment was conducted on self-designed spray equipment,and the residual stress along the thickness direction was measured by a layer removal method based on deflections.Under the asymmetric spray quenching condition,the subsurface stress of the high-flow rate surface was lower than that of the low-flow rate surface,and the difference between the two subsurface stresses increased with the increase in the difference in water flow rates.The subsurface stress underneath the surface with a water flow rate of 0.60 m^(3)/h was 15.38 MPa less than that of 0.15 m^(3)/h.The simulated residual stress by finite element(FE)method of the high heat transfer coefficient(HTC)surface was less than that of the low HTC surface,which is consistent with the experimental results.The FE model can be used to analyze the strain and stress evolution and predict the quenched stress magnitude and distribution.

Effect of quenching and tempering processes on properties and microstructure of G115 steel

The novel martensitic heat-resistant steel G115 was designed for thick-section boiler components of ultra-supercritical(USC) power plants at 630-650 ℃.The impact of the quenching and tempering processes on the properties and microstructure of G115 steel was explored.The samples that were quenched and tempered twice had a higher tensile strength at room temperature and 650 ℃,and the impact energy was significantly improved.The strength and impact energy increased in proportion to the increase in the first quenching temperature.The microstructure differences between the single and double quenched and tempered samples were examined using metallographic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The grain size of the double quenched and tempered samples was finer than that of the single quenched and tempered samples, and the tempered martensite lath is more visible, as are the carbides and other precipitates, which are finer and more uniformly distributed.As the first quenching temperature increased, the grains became coarser but more uniform.

Influence of quenching medium on the dendrite morphology,hardness,and tribological behaviour of cast Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloy for defence application

Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloys(Spinodal bronze)are potential materials with robust applications in components associated with defence applications like bearings,propellers,bushes,and shafts of heavily loaded aircraft,off-road vehicles,and warships.This paper presents a comparative study using water,Brine solution,and SAE 40 oil as the quenching media in regular bronze(Cu-6Sn)and spinodal bronze(Cu-9Ni-6Sn)alloys.Morphological analysis was conducted by optical microscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction technique(XRD)on bronze and spinodal bronze samples immersed in the three different quenching media to understand the grain size and hardness values better.Tribological analysis was performed to analyze the effect of quenching media on the wear aspects of bronze and spinodal bronze samples.The hardness value of the brine-aged spinodal bronze samples was as high as 320 Hv,and the grain size was very low in the range of 60μm.A quantitative comparison between brine-aged regular bronze and brine-aged spinodal bronze showed that the hardness(Hv)was almost 80%higher for brine-aged spinodal bronze.Further,the grain size was approximately 30%finer for spinodal bronze when compared with regular bronze.When the load was increased in spinodal bronze samples,there was an initial dip in wear rate followed by a marginal increase.There was a steady increase in friction coefficient with a rise in load for brine-aged regular bronze and spinodal bronze samples.These results indicate that brine solution is the most effective quenching medium for cast Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloys.

Development and Application of Multi-phase Nitrides Bonded Silicon Carbide Lintel Blocks for Dry Quenching Furnaces

Multi-phase nitrides bonded silicon carbide lintel blocks were prepared using industrial SiC(SiC≥98 mass%,3-0.5,≤0.5 and≤0.044 mm),Si powder(Si≥98 mass%,≤0.044 mm),and SiO2 micropowder(SiO2≥96 mass%,d50=0.15 pm)as raw materials,and calcium lignosulfonate as the additive,batching,mixing,and molding on a vibration pressure molding machine,drying and then firing at 1420℃for 10 h in high-purity N2.The apparent porosity,the bulk density,the cold modulus of rupture,the hot modulus of rupture,and the linear expansion coefficient of the samples were tested.The phase composition and the microstructure of the samples at different nitriding depths(50,100,and 150 mm)were analyzed by XRD and SEM.The field application effects of the blocks were studied.The results show that:(1)the multi-phase nitrides bonded silicon carbide refractories can dynamically adjust their own phase composition and minimize structural and thermal stresses,improving the service life of key parts of dry quenching furnaces;(2)calcium lignosulfonate can improve the nitriding micro-environment of multi-phase nitrides bonded silicon carbide lintel blocks,successfully increasing the effective nitriding thickness of the blocks to 300 mm;(3)Sinosteel LI RR provides a unique concept in the design of materials and block types as well as the stable and scientific overall structure,promoting the industrialization process of dry quenching furnaces with long service life in China.

Dynamical nonlinear excitations induced by interaction quench in a two-dimensional box-trapped Bose-Einstein condensate

Manipulating nonlinear excitations,including solitons and vortices,is an essential topic in quantum many-body physics.A new progress in this direction is a protocol proposed in[Phys.Rev.Res.2043256(2020)]to produce dark solitons in a one-dimensional atomic Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)by quenching inter-atomic interaction.Motivated by this work,we generalize the protocol to a two-dimensional BEC and investigate the generic scenario of its post-quench dynamics.For an isotropic disk trap with a hard-wall boundary,we find that successive inward-moving ring dark solitons(RDSs)can be induced from the edge,and the number of RDSs can be controlled by tuning the ratio of the after-and before-quench interaction strength across different critical values.The role of the quench played on the profiles of the density,phase,and sound velocity is also investigated.Due to the snake instability,the RDSs then become vortex–antivortex pairs with peculiar dynamics managed by the initial density and the after-quench interaction.By tuning the geometry of the box traps,demonstrated as polygonal ones,more subtle dynamics of solitons and vortices are enabled.Our proposed protocol and the discovered rich dynamical effects on nonlinear excitations can be realized in near future cold-atom experiments.

Visualization of Vapor Film Collapse Behavior with Complexity on Quenching Process by Cellular Automaton

The vapor film collapse that occurs in the quenching process is complicated and affects the heat treatment quality and its distortion.In order to incorporate it into the MBD(Model Based Development)technology required these days,it is necessary to predict the quality of heat treatment by CAE(Computer Added Engineering),shorten the product development period.The calculation of the vapor film collapses in a simple and practical time in order to improve the product performance.However,in the past,in order to formulate the vapor film collapse on a simulation,it was necessary to perform a very large amount of computational calculation CFD(computational fluid dynamics),which was a problem in terms of computer resources and the model of vapor film collapse.In addition,this phenomenon has a complexity behavior of the phenomenon in iterative processing,which also complicates the calculation.In this study,the vapor film collapse phenomenon is easily visualized using self-organized cellular automaton simulation which includes the phenomena of“vapor film thickness and its fluctuation”,“flow disturbance”,“surface step of workpiece”,and“decrease of cooling due to r shape of surface”.The average cooling state and repeated fluctuations of the cooling state were reproduced by this method.

On-line血液透析滤过对移植肾功能延迟恢复的影响

目的 研究On -line血液透析滤过 (HDF)在移植肾功能延迟恢复患者中的应用。方法 我院2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 7月肾移植术后发生移植肾功能延迟恢复患者 38例 ,2 9例采用Freseniuson -lineHDF透析机 ,F6 0透析器 ,透析滤过时间 3～ 4h ,血流量在 180～ 2 5 0ml/min ,置换液采取前稀释法 ,9例行HD治疗 ,采用GambroAK2 0 0透析机 ,F7透析器。结果 38例移植肾功能延迟恢复患者 ,2 9例用联机血液透析滤过 ,平均肾功能恢复时间为 ( 11.2± 5 .6 )天 ,治疗期间收缩压变化在 110～ 170mmHg,透析期间低血压发生率为 2 .6 % ,9例HD治疗者平均肾功能恢复时间为 ( 2 2 .3± 15 .7)天 ,透析期间低血压发生率为 13.2 %。结论 与HD比较 ,On -lineHDF对血压影响较小 ,可缩短移植肾功能恢复的时间。

平行机的实时到达on-line算法下界的改进

本文考虑了平行机实时到达的在线问题．模型中，工件是陆续到达的，工件的个数、到达时间是事先未知的，而且只有当工件到达，才知其加工时间，目标是使所有工件都加工完的时间达到最小．Ｃｈｅｎ与Ｖｅｓｔｊｅｎｓ（１９９６年）证明了该在线问题不存在性能比小于１．３４７３的ｏｎ－ｌｉｎｅ算法．本文将此界改进为（５－５）／２．

On-line血液透析滤过对维持性血液透析患者心率变异性的影响

目的探讨On-line血液透析滤过技术对维持性血液透析患者心率变异性(HRV)的影响。方法 50例维持性血液透析(MHD)患者随机分为常规血液透析治疗组(HD组)和On-line血液透析滤过治疗组(OL-HDF组),每组各25例。患者每周行3次、每次4 h的血液透析治疗或OL-HDF,治疗24个月。比较两组常规的实验室检查和24h动态心电图监测结果。结果治疗24个月后,OL-HDF组的β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)由基线值30.1±7.2 mg/dl降至21.7±6.1 mg/dl(P<0.05),HD组的β2-MG则无明显下降。OL-HDF组HRV的时域性和频域性指标均值高于基线值(P<0.05),HD组的HRV指标则无显著性变化(P>0.05)。结论与普通血液透析比较,OL-HDF能更好地改善MHD患者的HRV,改善自主神经功能。

On-line置换液与生理盐水在血液透析滤过回血中的应用效果比较

[目的]探讨On-line置换液与生理盐水在血液透析滤过(HDF)病人回血中的应用效果,以期为临床护理工作提供理论依据。[方法]选取30例规律HDF病人为研究对象,采用自身对照方法,每例病人每周依次采用On-line置换液和生理盐水回血,比较回血过程中残余血量、静脉壶液体温度、护士的工作量及经济效益。[结果]采用On-line置换液回血法残余血量及回血后静脉壶温度分别为(1.89±0.91)mL,(33.36±0.15)℃,而采用生理盐水法为(2.88±0.23)mL、(27.13±0.14)℃,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);而透析器凝血状况比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.08);采用On-line置换液回血时护士工作量减少,回血液体成本降低。[结论]应用接近生理温度的On-line置换液回血能稀释血液、降低血液黏稠度,减少血路管残余血量,增加病人舒适感,提高工作效率。

遏止(Quenching)及其在分析RTD逻辑电路中的应用

在深入分析共振隧穿二极管(RTD)开关前后内阻变化和RTD串联组合中不同RTD电压分布随总偏压变化的基础上,深化了“遏止(Q uench ing)”的概念。并进一步以此概念说明了RTD/HEM T电路中,单-双稳转换逻辑单元(M OB ILE)、多值逻辑(M VL)文字(L itera l)逻辑门、三态反相器(T ernary inverter)等逻辑单元的工作原理。通过此种分析,证实了“遏止”概念是解释和分析复杂RTD电路原理的强有力工具。以上论证也适用于由其它负阻器件构成的逻辑电路。

On-lineHDF的临床观察及护理

目的 探讨应用On -lineHDF治疗慢性肾衰尿毒症患者的临床效果及护理对策。方法 回顾性分析 15例维持性HD患者应用On -lineHDF的治疗及护理过程。结果 15例患者经每 1～ 2周 1次的On -lineHDF治疗后 ,病情稳定 ,部分患者心功能、血压、食欲、体力及睡眠不同成度得到改善 ,在促红细胞生成素使用量不变的情况下 ,4例病人的血红蛋白有所增加。结论 On -lineHDF是当今最佳的肾脏替代疗法技术之一。