ON-LINE PROBLEMS OF MINIMIZING MAKESPAN ON A SINGLE BATCH PROCESSING MACHINE WITH NONIDENTICAL JOB SIZES

The on-line problem of scheduling on a batch processing machine with nonidentical job sizes to minimize makespan is considered. The batch processing machine can process a number of jobs simultaneously as long as the total size of these jobs being processed does not exceed the machine capacity. The processing time of a batch is given by the longest processing time of any job in the batch. Each job becomes available at its arrival time, which is unknown in advance, and its processing time becomes known upon its arrival. The paper deals with two variants： the case only with two distinct arrival times and the general case. For the first case, an on-line algorithm with competitive ratio 119/44 is given. For the latter one, a simple algorithm with competitive ratio 3 is given. For both variants the better ratios can be obtained if the problem satisfies proportional assumption.

Modeling of Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steel Plates Produced by Thermo-Mechanical Control Process and Its On-line Application

An integrated metallurgical model was developed to predict microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of low-carbon steel plates produced by TMCP. The metallurgical phenomena occurring during TMCP and mechanical properties were predicted for different process parameters. In the later passes full recrystallization becomes difficult to occur and higher residual strain remains in austenite after rolling. For the reasonable temperature and cooling schedule, yield strength of 30 mm plain carbon steel plate can reach 310 MPa. The first on-line application of prediction and control of microstructure and properties (PCMP) in the medium plate production was achieved. The predictions of the system are in good agreement with measurements.

On-line Batch Process Monitoring and Diagnosing Based on Fisher Discriminant Analysis

A new on-line batch process monitoring and diagnosing approach based on Fisher discriminant analysis （FDA） was proposed. This method does not need to predict the future observations of variables, so it is more sensitive to fault detection and stronger implement for monitoring. In order to improve the monitoring performance, the variables trajectories of batch process are separated into several blocks. The key to the proposed approach for on-line monitoring is to calculate the distance of block data that project to low-dimension Fisher space between new batch and reference batch. Comparing the distance with the predefine threshold, it can be considered whether the batch process is normal or abnormal. Fault diagnosis is performed based on the weights in fault direction calculated by FDA. The proposed method was applied to the simulation model of fed-batch penicillin fermentation and the resuits were compared with those obtained using MPCA. The simulation results clearly show that the on-line monitoring method based on FDA is more efficient than the MPCA.

Transaction在PAR平台中的实现方法及应用研究

随着电子商务和金融软件应用日益广泛,提高这类软件系统的可靠性和安全性就显得特别重要。虽然能够提高这类软件可靠性的事务处理技术早在数据库管理系统中普遍使用,近几年在Java软件开发环境中也新增了事务处理接口JTA,但是在基于模型驱动架构设计的建模语言中嵌入事务处理机制的成功案例尚不多见。论文在已有体现模型驱动软件架构思想的PAR方法和PAR平台中,融入抽象事务处理机制,并使用融入了事务处理机制的PAR平台及其建模语言开发了具有事务处理功能的金融软件模型,通过PAR平台的模型自动转换工具生成了Java和SQL程序。实验证明融入了事务处理机制的PAR方法和PAR平台具有建模简单、实用,软件开发效率高,便于形式化推导和证明等特点。

Towards On-line Automated Semantic Scoring of English-Chinese Translation

Described and exemplified a semantic scoring system of students' on-line English-Chinese translation. To achieve accurate assessment, the system adopted a comprehensive method which combines semantic scoring with keyword matching scoring. Four kinds of words-verbs, adjectives, adverbs and "the rest" including nouns, pronouns, idioms, prepositions, etc., are identified after parsing. The system treats different words tagged with different part of speech differently. Then it calculated the semantic similarity between these words of the standard versions and those of students' translations by the distinctive differences of the semantic features of these words with the aid of HowNet. The first semantic feature of verbs and the last semantic features of adjectives and adverbs are calculated. "The rest" is scored by keyword matching. The experiment results show that the semantic scoring system is applicable in fulfilling the task of scoring students' on-line English-Chinese translations.

On-line monitoring of insulation quality of high voltage electric power equipment

Discusses on-line monitoring of electric parameters, such as dielectric loss, divulging current, equivalent capacitance and running voltage, and presents an on-line monitoring system of insulation quality, based on monitoring divulging current and dielectric loss of high voltage equipment, and its advantages, such as helping people to discover the hidden problems in a timely manner, to reduce power cut and overhaul and to improve security of power supply.

An On-line Assessment System for English-Chinese Translation

On-line assessment of English-Chinese translation is a challenging task as it involves natural language processing.YanFa,an on-line assessment system for English-Chinese translation,is a pilot research project into scoring student's translation on-line.Based on the theory of translation equivalence,an algorithm called "conceptual similarity matching" was developed.YanFa can assess students' translation on-line timely,generate test papers automatically,offer standard versions of translation,and the scores of each sentence to students.The evaluation proves that YanFa is practical compared with the scores given by experts.

On-line Scheduling Algorithm for Penicillin Fed-batch Fermentation

An on-line scheduling algorithm to maximize gross profit of penicillin fed-batch fermentation is proposed. According to the on-line classification method, fed-batch fermentation batches are classified into three categories. Using the scheduling strategy, the optimal termination sequence of batches is obtained. Pseudo on-line simulations for testing the proposed algorithm with the data from industrial scale penicillin fermentation are carried out.

An FPGA-based real-time image processing system

This paper analyzes the current difficulties encountered in on-line inspection systems of strip surface quality, specifically relating to problems with real-time processing of huge amounts of data. To address this need, this paper describes an FPGA-based high-speed image processing module with both hardware and software aspects. Improving these two aspects together will help the system achieve real-time processing of massive image data, and simplifies the architecture of the strip surface quality on-line inspection system.

Situation and Developing Trend of Rare-Earth Countercurrent Extraction Processes Control

On the basis of the description of the rare-earth countercurrent extraction process, the on-line detecting method and equipments of rare-earth elements and the application in the process of the rare-earth countercurrent extraction are summarized. The procedure simulation of the computer, the automation control method and its current application are also mentioned in the process of rare-earth countercurrent extraction. The method of soft sensor is proposed. Optimal control method based on object-oriented rare-earth countercurrent extraction process and integrated automation system composed of process management system and process control system are presented, which are the developing direction of the automation of rare-earth countercurrent extraction process.

A Review: Artificial Neural Networks as Tool for Control Food Industry Process

In the last year, interest in using Artificial Neural networks as a modeling tool in food technology is increasing because they have found extensive utilization in solving many complex real world problems. Due to this and as previous step at development of some project, this paper intends to introduce the reader inside neural networks: general characteristics of the ANN, their architectures, their rules of learning, types of networks and ANN’s create process. Also this paper presents a comprehensive review of food industrial applications of artificial neural networks in the last year. ANN industrial applications are grouped and tabulated by their main functions and what they actually performed on the referenced papers with except the applications in the olive oil industry that are described with special emphasis.

VPLS Based Quality and Cost Control for Tennessee Eastman Process

Product quality and operation cost control obtain increasing emphases in modern chemical system engineering. To improve the fault detection power of the partial least square (PLS) method for quality control, a new QRPV statistic is proposed in terms of the VP (variable importance in projection) indices of monitored process variables, which is significantly advanced over and different from the conventional Q statistic. QRPV is calculated only by the residuals of the remarkable process variables (RPVs). Therefore, it is the dominant relation between quality and RPV not all process variables (as in the case of the conventional PLS) that is monitored by this new VP-PLS (VPLS) method. The combination of QRPV and T2 statistics is applied to the quality and cost control of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and weak faults can be detected as quickly as possible. Consequently, the product quality of TE process is guaranteed and operation costs are reduced.

Benchmarking on intensive transaction processing

Benchmarks play a crucial role in database performance evaluation,and have been effectively promoting the development of database management systems.With critical transaction processing requirements of new applications,we see an explosion of innovative database technologies for dealing with highly intensive transaction workloads(OLTP)with the obvious characteristics of sharp dynamics,terrificskewness,high contention,or high concurrency(abbr.DSC^2),which can not be well described or evaluated by current standard benchmarks.In this paper,based on the representative SecKill applications,we define a pacakge of workloads simulating intensive transactional processing requirements.And we create a general and flexible benchmark framework PeakBench for evaluating intensive OLTP workloads on databases.We are the first work to have full control on simulating DSC^2,especially for the fine granularity control for contention generation.With a comprehensive set of experiments conducted on popular open sourced DBMSs compared with the other representative OLTP benchmarks,we completely demonstrate the usefulness of PeakBench.

Recent Progress of Commercially Available Biosensors in China and Their Applications in Fermentation Processes

Biosensors, which are the products of the biotechnology industry, are among the key projects of the 7th, 8th, and 9th Fiveyear Plans of China Science ＆ Technology Developing Programs, respectively, and they play an important role in developing and reforming traditional biotechnology. SBA series biosensor analyzer, as the only one commercial biosensor in China, has attracted lots of attention in the process of information gathering and measurement for biological industry with the development of technology and society. In this paper, we presented an overview of the most important contributions dealing with the monitoring of the biochemical analytes in fermentation processes using SBA series biosensor analyzers in China. Future trends of the biosensor analyzer in China were also mentioned in the last section.

面向加密货币交易介质及过程的安全综述

由区块链技术和密码学共同构成的去中心化加密货币正遭受日益增多的安全攻击,如何确保加密货币交易安全成为当前的热门议题。而作为交易介质的加密货币以及用于存管的加密钱包成为了安全研究的焦点。为此,研究人员开发了多种密钥管理和检测技术,以确保加密钱包的机密性、完整性和可用性。同时,针对中心化和去中心化交易所的安全漏洞及攻击手段,研究人员也提出了相应的检测和预防策略。此外,文章综合评述了加密货币交易过程中的潜在攻击类型、检测技术与防御措施。最后,对加密货币交易体系的安全问题进行了总结,并对未来发展的方向展开了前瞻讨论。

支持混合事务和分析处理的数据库管理系统综述

数据库管理系统根据应用场景分为事务型(OLTP)系统和分析型(OLAP)系统.随着实时数据分析需求增长,OLTP任务和OLAP任务混合的场景越来越普遍,业界开始重视支持混合事务和分析处理(HTAP)的数据库管理系统.这种HTAP数据库系统除了需要满足高性能的事务处理外,还需要满足实时分析对数据新鲜度的要求.因此,对数据库系统的设计与实现提出了新的挑战.近年来,在工业界和学术界涌现了一批架构多样、技术各异的原型和产品.综述HTAP数据库的背景和发展现状,并且从存储和计算的角度对现阶段的HTAP数据库进行分类.在此基础上,按照从下往上的顺序分别总结HTAP系统在存储和计算方面采用的关键技术.在此框架下介绍各类系统的设计思想、优劣势以及适用的场景.此外,结合HTAP数据库的评测基准和指标,分析各类HTAP数据库的设计与其呈现出的性能与数据新鲜度的关联.最后,结合云计算、人工智能和新硬件技术为HTAP数据库的未来研究和发展提供思路.

员工对企业数字化转型的反应研究:基于压力的理论视角

在数字经济蓬勃发展的时代背景下,数字化转型已成为推动企业高质量发展的关键环节。然而,很多企业在数字化转型过程中都遇到缺乏员工支持、消极合作等来自企业内部的挑战。目前,有关企业数字化转型的研究主要集中在宏观战略层面,探讨数字化转型对企业内部员工影响的研究尚不充足。因此,本文从企业内部微观层面着手,采用工作压力动态过程模型,将数字化转型视作一种压力源。通过聚焦数字化转型给员工带来的工作压力,试图揭示员工对数字化转型产生的差异化反应及其内在机理。第一,探究压力源,基于扎根理论归纳员工对数字化转型中压力源的感知和识别。第二,追踪压力结果,基于变革分析框架,探索数字化转型对员工工作绩效的影响及其随时间的动态变化。第三,分析压力体验,分别从认知和情绪视角,探讨员工支持或抗拒数字化转型的作用机制、边界条件及后续结果。本文不仅丰富了企业数字化转型在人力资源管理领域的研究范畴和内容,还为企业科学推动数字化转型、提升员工对数字化转型的支持水平提供了实践启示。

国土空间规划背景下存量工业用地评价与转型升级策略

国土空间规划背景下存量用地挖潜成为县市级政府获取建设空间的重要来源。工业用地在增量时代扩张较为迅速、粗放,也为更新转型带来挑战。目前,存量工业用地存在评价体系单一、更新规划过程静态化、退出机制缺乏等问题,文章从发展动力和土地绩效双维度,构建存量工业用地评价体系;以动态更新式思维,提供分类型、分时序的引导策略,构建存量工业用地动态开发“一张图”;以新制度经济学为解题范式,提供存量更新的倒逼机制、激励机制和责任机制。

多副本分布式事务处理关键技术及典型数据库系统综述

数据复制是分布式数据库提高可用性的重要手段,通过在不同区域放置数据库的部分副本,还可以提高本地读写操作的响应速度,增加副本数量也会提升读负载的线性扩展能力.考虑到这些优良特性,近年来国内外都出现了众多多副本分布式数据库系统,包括Google Spanner、CockroachDB、TiDB、OceanBase等一系列主流的工业界系统,也出现了包括Calvin、Aria、Berkeley Anna等一系列优秀的学术界系统.然而,多副本数据库带来诸多收益的同时,也带来了一致性维护、跨节点事务、事务隔离等一系列挑战.总结分析现有的复制架构、一致性维护策略、跨节点事务并发控制等技术,对比几个代表性多副本数据库系统之间在分布式事务处理方面上的差异与共同点,并在阿里云环境下搭建跨区域的分布式集群环境,对几个代表性系统的分布式事务处理能力进行了实验测试分析.

基于时间序列的大型核电厂设备异动态势感知系统设计

为了准确感知核电厂设备设备异动态势,防止负荷电压、负荷电流数值异常增大,设计基于时间序列的大型核电厂设备异动态势感知系统;在系统硬件设计上,完善设备数据自动处理模块、设备异动信号采集器、态势感知装置之间的实时连接关系;系统软件设计上,构建时间序列模型,实现对核电厂设备异动数据的处理;选取核心异动态势指标,按照标量化处理流程,通过阈值方法实现对核电设备异动态势的感知,完成大型核电厂设备异动态势感知;实验结果表明,上述系统通过准确感知核电厂设备异动态势,将设备负荷电压、负荷电流数值控制在阈值之内,能够维护核电厂设备的稳定运行。